Question 1

Which of the following solutions is not isotonic to human cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  150 mM NaCl 
B)  300 mM urea 
C)  100 mM MgCl2 
D)  300 mOsm NaCl 
A)  150 mM NaCl 
B)  300 mM urea 
C)  100 mM MgCl2 
D)  300 mOsm NaCl

Question 2

The luminal side of an epithelial cell is also known as the basolateral side.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the Na+-K+ ATPase pump is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It transports Na+ out of cells and K+ into cells. 
B)  It binds to, and hydrolyzes, ATP. 
C)  It is constantly active in all cells. 
D)  Its activity requires the expenditure of metabolic energy. 
E)  It transports Na+ and K+ in a 1:1 ratio. 
A)  It transports Na+ out of cells and K+ into cells. 
B)  It binds to, and hydrolyzes, ATP. 
C)  It is constantly active in all cells. 
D)  Its activity requires the expenditure of metabolic energy. 
E)  It transports Na+ and K+ in a 1:1 ratio.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about epithelial cells and epithelial transport is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epithelial cell membranes express different transport proteins on different cell surfaces. 
B)  Epithelial cells lining the small intestine have Na, K-ATPase pumps only in their basolateral membranes. 
C)  The plasma membrane of epithelial cells that face the inside of a hollow or fluid-filled chamber in the body is called the basolateral membrane. 
D)  The pathway taken by substances that flow between epithelial cells is called the paracellular pathway. 
E)  When substances cross epithelial barriers by going through the cell membranes and cytosol, it is called the transcellular pathway. 
A)  Epithelial cell membranes express different transport proteins on different cell surfaces. 
B)  Epithelial cells lining the small intestine have Na, K-ATPase pumps only in their basolateral membranes. 
C)  The plasma membrane of epithelial cells that face the inside of a hollow or fluid-filled chamber in the body is called the basolateral membrane. 
D)  The pathway taken by substances that flow between epithelial cells is called the paracellular pathway. 
E)  When substances cross epithelial barriers by going through the cell membranes and cytosol, it is called the transcellular pathway.

Question 5

Mediated transport is required in order for glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids to pass into cells because none of these substances can diffuse through plasma membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Ion channels in cell membranes:

Accepted Answer

A)  are nonspecific. 
B)  are not affected by differences in electrical potential across the membrane. 
C)  may open in response to binding a ligand. 
D)  only allow ions to move from the extracellular fluid into the cell. 
E)  only allow ions to move from the intracellular fluid out of the cell. 
A)  are nonspecific. 
B)  are not affected by differences in electrical potential across the membrane. 
C)  may open in response to binding a ligand. 
D)  only allow ions to move from the extracellular fluid into the cell. 
E)  only allow ions to move from the intracellular fluid out of the cell.

Question 7

At any given time it is possible to see endocytotic vesicles docked to intracellular organelles such as those that may receive their contents for modification, synthesis, packaging, and then release. Which organelle would be most likely to be involved in this process as a destination for a transport vesicle formed for this purpose along the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi apparatus 
B)  peroxisome 
C)  lysosome 
D)  mitochondrion 
E)  ribosome 
A)  Golgi apparatus 
B)  peroxisome 
C)  lysosome 
D)  mitochondrion 
E)  ribosome

Question 8

Which form of endocytosis is nonspecific, in that it occurs by the formation of an invagination of the plasma membrane, which then fills with interstitial fluid of the immediate area?

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport 
B)  hyperosmotic vesicular entrapment 
C)  phagocytosis 
D)  pinocytosis 
E)  hydrosmosis 
A)  active transport 
B)  hyperosmotic vesicular entrapment 
C)  phagocytosis 
D)  pinocytosis 
E)  hydrosmosis

Question 9

Endocytosis of any kind requires metabolic energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the most common transport mechanism by which glucose and other organic solutes cross the luminal membrane of an epithelial cell layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary active cotransport with Na+ 
B)  glucose ATPase pump 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  simple diffusion through the paracellular pathway 
E)  through an ion channel 
A)  secondary active cotransport with Na+ 
B)  glucose ATPase pump 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  simple diffusion through the paracellular pathway 
E)  through an ion channel

Question 11

If a cell were placed in a solution of 0.15 M NaCl, it would shrink.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Most cells can perform pinocytosis, but only a few kinds can perform phagocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which is true about mediated transport across cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  It refers to the movement of ions through protein channels. 
B)  It refers both to simple diffusion and to the active transport of molecules. 
C)  It is characterized by saturable carriers and a maximum velocity of transport. 
D)  As the concentration gradient across a membrane increases, the transport rate always increases. 
E)  It is nonspecific; any transporter can transport any molecule across the cell membrane. 
A)  It refers to the movement of ions through protein channels. 
B)  It refers both to simple diffusion and to the active transport of molecules. 
C)  It is characterized by saturable carriers and a maximum velocity of transport. 
D)  As the concentration gradient across a membrane increases, the transport rate always increases. 
E)  It is nonspecific; any transporter can transport any molecule across the cell membrane.

Question 14

What will happen if a normal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will swell in size. 
B)  It will shrink in size. 
C)  It will stay the same size. 
D)  The result can't be predicted. 
A)  It will swell in size. 
B)  It will shrink in size. 
C)  It will stay the same size. 
D)  The result can't be predicted.

Question 15

"Osmosis" refers to the movement of what substance across semipermeable membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  charged particles 
C)  lipid molecules 
D)  water 
E)  solutes 
A)  glucose 
B)  charged particles 
C)  lipid molecules 
D)  water 
E)  solutes

Question 16

Integral membrane proteins can form channels through which ions such as Na+ and K+ can diffuse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Molecules increase their rate of diffusion as temperature increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Why do solutions for injection or infusion into people with low blood volume normally contain 150 mM NaCl?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is a hypotonic solution, which will cause water movement into dehydrated blood cells. 
B)  This is an isotonic solution, and the water in it will follow Na and Cl into the intracellular fluid compartment. 
C)  This is a hypertonic solution, which will raise the blood volume and pressure more rapidly than an isotonic solution would. 
D)  This is an isotonic solution, and NaCl will keep the added volume in the extracellular fluid compartment. 
E)  NaCl are penetrating solutes, which will get them more quickly into blood cells to increase their volume. 
A)  This is a hypotonic solution, which will cause water movement into dehydrated blood cells. 
B)  This is an isotonic solution, and the water in it will follow Na and Cl into the intracellular fluid compartment. 
C)  This is a hypertonic solution, which will raise the blood volume and pressure more rapidly than an isotonic solution would. 
D)  This is an isotonic solution, and NaCl will keep the added volume in the extracellular fluid compartment. 
E)  NaCl are penetrating solutes, which will get them more quickly into blood cells to increase their volume.

Question 19

In active transport, the affinity of any given binding site for the molecule to be transported changes as the site goes from facing one side of the membrane to facing the other side.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which lists the epithelial cell barrier compartments in the order of the typical Na+ concentrations, from highest to lowest?

Accepted Answer

A)  intracellular, lumen side, blood side 
B)  blood side, lumen side, intracellular 
C)  blood side, intracellular, lumen side 
D)  lumen side, intracellular, blood side 
E)  lumen side, blood side, intracellular 
A)  intracellular, lumen side, blood side 
B)  blood side, lumen side, intracellular 
C)  blood side, intracellular, lumen side 
D)  lumen side, intracellular, blood side 
E)  lumen side, blood side, intracellular

Which of the following solutions is not isotonic to human cells?

The luminal side of an epithelial cell is also known as the basolateral side.

Which of the following statements about the Na+-K+ ATPase pump is false?

Which of the following statements about epithelial cells and epithelial transport is NOT correct?

Mediated transport is required in order for glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids to pass into cells because none of these substances can diffuse through plasma membranes.

Ion channels in cell membranes:

Which form of endocytosis is nonspecific, in that it occurs by the formation of an invagination of the plasma membrane, which then fills with interstitial fluid of the immediate area?

Endocytosis of any kind requires metabolic energy.

What is the most common transport mechanism by which glucose and other organic solutes cross the luminal membrane of an epithelial cell layer?

If a cell were placed in a solution of 0.15 M NaCl, it would shrink.

Most cells can perform pinocytosis, but only a few kinds can perform phagocytosis.

Which is true about mediated transport across cell membranes?

What will happen if a normal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

"Osmosis" refers to the movement of what substance across semipermeable membranes?

Integral membrane proteins can form channels through which ions such as Na+ and K+ can diffuse.

Molecules increase their rate of diffusion as temperature increases.

Why do solutions for injection or infusion into people with low blood volume normally contain 150 mM NaCl?

In active transport, the affinity of any given binding site for the molecule to be transported changes as the site goes from facing one side of the membrane to facing the other side.

Which lists the epithelial cell barrier compartments in the order of the typical Na+ concentrations, from highest to lowest?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters

Exam 4: Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Which of the following solutions is not isotonic to human cells?

The luminal side of an epithelial cell is also known as the basolateral side.

Which of the following statements about the Na+-K+ ATPase pump is false?

Which of the following statements about epithelial cells and epithelial transport is NOT correct?

Mediated transport is required in order for glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids to pass into cells because none of these substances can diffuse through plasma membranes.

Ion channels in cell membranes:

Which form of endocytosis is nonspecific, in that it occurs by the formation of an invagination of the plasma membrane, which then fills with interstitial fluid of the immediate area?

Endocytosis of any kind requires metabolic energy.

What is the most common transport mechanism by which glucose and other organic solutes cross the luminal membrane of an epithelial cell layer?

If a cell were placed in a solution of 0.15 M NaCl, it would shrink.

Most cells can perform pinocytosis, but only a few kinds can perform phagocytosis.

Which is true about mediated transport across cell membranes?

What will happen if a normal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

"Osmosis" refers to the movement of what substance across semipermeable membranes?

Integral membrane proteins can form channels through which ions such as Na+ and K+ can diffuse.

Molecules increase their rate of diffusion as temperature increases.

Why do solutions for injection or infusion into people with low blood volume normally contain 150 mM NaCl?

In active transport, the affinity of any given binding site for the molecule to be transported changes as the site goes from facing one side of the membrane to facing the other side.

Which lists the epithelial cell barrier compartments in the order of the typical Na+ concentrations, from highest to lowest?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters