Question 1

What best describes the main determinant of the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sequence of the various amino acids that make up a polypeptide chain 
B)  the total number of amino acids that make up a polypeptide chain, and its overall resulting length 
C)  the total number of polypeptide chains that combine to determine the overall size of the protein 
D)  molecular interactions between widely separated regions of a polypeptide, such as disulfide bonds, that stabilize the folded conformation 
E)  molecular interactions along a polypeptide chain that fold various regions into alpha helices or beta sheets 
A)  the sequence of the various amino acids that make up a polypeptide chain 
B)  the total number of amino acids that make up a polypeptide chain, and its overall resulting length 
C)  the total number of polypeptide chains that combine to determine the overall size of the protein 
D)  molecular interactions between widely separated regions of a polypeptide, such as disulfide bonds, that stabilize the folded conformation 
E)  molecular interactions along a polypeptide chain that fold various regions into alpha helices or beta sheets

Question 2

What are the two main atoms in lipids, and what type of bonds connect them?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon and oxygen, connected by covalent bonds. 
B)  carbon and hydrogen, connected by covalent bonds 
C)  carbon and hydrogen, connected by ionic bonds 
D)  carbon and hydrogen, connected by hydrogen bonds 
E)  oxygen and hydrogen, connected by hydrogen bonds 
A)  carbon and oxygen, connected by covalent bonds. 
B)  carbon and hydrogen, connected by covalent bonds 
C)  carbon and hydrogen, connected by ionic bonds 
D)  carbon and hydrogen, connected by hydrogen bonds 
E)  oxygen and hydrogen, connected by hydrogen bonds

Question 3

The number of covalent bonds that can be formed by a given atom depends upon the number of electrons present in the outermost orbit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An atomic nucleus is electrically neutral.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which is true about electrolytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are neutral atoms. 
B)  They conduct electricity when dissolved in water. 
C)  They are found in pure water. 
D)  They have equal numbers of protons and electrons. 
E)  They are insoluble in water. 
A)  They are neutral atoms. 
B)  They conduct electricity when dissolved in water. 
C)  They are found in pure water. 
D)  They have equal numbers of protons and electrons. 
E)  They are insoluble in water.

Question 6

NaCl is a molecule formed by the covalent bonding of a sodium atom to a chlorine atom.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Sucrose is called "blood sugar" because it is the most abundant carbohydrate in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When magnesium loses electrons to become an ion, what does it become?

Accepted Answer

A)  a covalent molecule 
B)  a cation 
C)  an anion 
D)  a new element 
E)  a free radical 
A)  a covalent molecule 
B)  a cation 
C)  an anion 
D)  a new element 
E)  a free radical

Question 9

What is the term describing the covalent bond formed between two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycosidic bond 
B)  Peptide bond 
C)  Phosphodiester bond 
D)  Ester bond 
E)  Hydrolytic bond 
A)  Glycosidic bond 
B)  Peptide bond 
C)  Phosphodiester bond 
D)  Ester bond 
E)  Hydrolytic bond

Question 10

The carboxyl ion is an anion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The four most common elements in the body are hydrogen, carbon, calcium, and oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which is a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  two atoms share inner-orbit electrons with each other 
B)  a bond between water molecules 
C)  a bond between two oppositely charged ions 
D)  a bond between two free radicals 
E)  two atoms share outer orbit electrons with each other 
A)  two atoms share inner-orbit electrons with each other 
B)  a bond between water molecules 
C)  a bond between two oppositely charged ions 
D)  a bond between two free radicals 
E)  two atoms share outer orbit electrons with each other

Question 13

The pH of a solution

Accepted Answer

A)  is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen atoms in the solution. 
B)  is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions bound to other molecules in the solution. 
C)  is a measure of the concentration of free hydrogen ions in the solution. 
D)  increases as the acidity of the solution increases. 
E)  increases as the free hydrogen ion concentration in the solution increases. 
A)  is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen atoms in the solution. 
B)  is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions bound to other molecules in the solution. 
C)  is a measure of the concentration of free hydrogen ions in the solution. 
D)  increases as the acidity of the solution increases. 
E)  increases as the free hydrogen ion concentration in the solution increases.

Question 14

Which statement is FALSE with regard to proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their roles in the body include acting as enzymes, providing structural support, and signaling between cells. 
B)  They make up a greater percentage of body mass than carbohydrates do. 
C)  They are composed of nucleic acids. 
D)  They are macromolecules with subunits linked by polypeptide bonds. 
E)  They are polymers made up of amino acids. 
A)  Their roles in the body include acting as enzymes, providing structural support, and signaling between cells. 
B)  They make up a greater percentage of body mass than carbohydrates do. 
C)  They are composed of nucleic acids. 
D)  They are macromolecules with subunits linked by polypeptide bonds. 
E)  They are polymers made up of amino acids.

Question 15

Organic chemistry is the study of oxygen-containing compounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The molarity of a solution is a measure of the concentration of the solute.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Nitrogen atoms can form a maximum of four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Solutes that do not dissolve in water are called hydrophilic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

All of the physiologically important atoms of the body readily form ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The atomic number of an element is given by the number of electrons in the atom.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What best describes the main determinant of the secondary structure of a protein?

What are the two main atoms in lipids, and what type of bonds connect them?

The number of covalent bonds that can be formed by a given atom depends upon the number of electrons present in the outermost orbit.

An atomic nucleus is electrically neutral.

Which is true about electrolytes?

NaCl is a molecule formed by the covalent bonding of a sodium atom to a chlorine atom.

Sucrose is called "blood sugar" because it is the most abundant carbohydrate in the blood.

When magnesium loses electrons to become an ion, what does it become?

What is the term describing the covalent bond formed between two amino acids?

The carboxyl ion is an anion.

The four most common elements in the body are hydrogen, carbon, calcium, and oxygen.

Which is a covalent bond?

The pH of a solution

Which statement is FALSE with regard to proteins?

Organic chemistry is the study of oxygen-containing compounds.

The molarity of a solution is a measure of the concentration of the solute.

Nitrogen atoms can form a maximum of four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Solutes that do not dissolve in water are called hydrophilic.

All of the physiologically important atoms of the body readily form ions.

The atomic number of an element is given by the number of electrons in the atom.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

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Exam 2: Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

What best describes the main determinant of the secondary structure of a protein?

What are the two main atoms in lipids, and what type of bonds connect them?

The number of covalent bonds that can be formed by a given atom depends upon the number of electrons present in the outermost orbit.

An atomic nucleus is electrically neutral.

Which is true about electrolytes?

NaCl is a molecule formed by the covalent bonding of a sodium atom to a chlorine atom.

Sucrose is called "blood sugar" because it is the most abundant carbohydrate in the blood.

When magnesium loses electrons to become an ion, what does it become?

What is the term describing the covalent bond formed between two amino acids?

The carboxyl ion is an anion.

The four most common elements in the body are hydrogen, carbon, calcium, and oxygen.

Which is a covalent bond?

The pH of a solution

Which statement is FALSE with regard to proteins?

Organic chemistry is the study of oxygen-containing compounds.

The molarity of a solution is a measure of the concentration of the solute.

Nitrogen atoms can form a maximum of four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Solutes that do not dissolve in water are called hydrophilic.

All of the physiologically important atoms of the body readily form ions.

The atomic number of an element is given by the number of electrons in the atom.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters