Exam 15: Transplantation of Tissues and Organs

Alloantibodies specific for HLA class I molecules can mediate hyperacute rejection of kidney transplants.Explain under what conditions an individual would possess preexisting antibodies against HLA class I polymorphisms.

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Question 1

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If the individual has received a previous solid organ graft or blood transfusion that was not matched for HLA class I,a primary alloantibody response would have been mounted.Priming can also occur naturally during pregnancy when fetal cells bearing paternal HLA molecules enter the maternal circulatory system at birth.If the paternal HLA isoforms are different from the maternal isoforms,the mother will mount an anti-HLA alloantibody response.If a woman has multiple pregnancies with the same partner,her anti-HLA titer and memory B-cell population will increase.If a woman has multiple pregnancies with different partners who have disparate HLA allotypes,the diversity of anti-HLA antibody will also increase.Both scenarios restrict the number of possible donors for transplantation; unsuitable donors are eliminated from the list after cross-matching.

Patients who have previously received a blood transfusion that has HLA-DR allotypes in common with their kidney transplant are _____.

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Question 2

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_____ is not a drug that targets replication and proliferation of alloantigen-activated T cells.

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Question 3

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All of the following are characteristics of blood donations and transfusions that enable their extensive use for transplantation purposes except _____.

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Question 4

Alloantibody production after organ transplantation involves _____.

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Question 5

Alloantibodies to blood-vessel endothelium on solid organ grafts _____.

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Question 6

Which of the following are correctly matched? (Select all that apply.)

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Question 7

Contrast acute rejection and chronic rejection.

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Question 8

The outcome of organ transplantation improves when _____.(Select all that apply.)

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Question 9

Following a hematopoietic stem cell transplant,T-cell responses will be activated by dendritic cells of _____ origin.

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Question 10

Leukapheresis is used in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation where stem cells from a suitable donor are fractionated on the basis of their expression of _____.

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Question 11

As time progresses following an organ transplant,the alloreactive T-cell response shifts from a(n)_ pathway to a(n)_ pathway of allorecognition.

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Question 12

Blood transfusions mismatched for ABO and/or rhesus antigens are associated with _____.(Select all that apply.)

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 13

Effector mechanisms of _____ rejection resemble those responsible for type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 14

If _____ occurs in an organ to be transplanted,endothelial activation,leukocyte infiltration,inflammatory cytokine production,and complement activation may occur.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 15

Acute rejection of a kidney graft involves the activation of recipient T cells by _ of _ origin.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 16

What explains the increased incidence of bone marrow graft failure and cancer relapse when mature T cells are depleted from donor bone marrow before engraftment?

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Question 17

A characteristic of the human eye that enables the cornea to be transplanted with a 90% success rate is that _____.(Select all that apply.)

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Question 18

A patient diagnosed with grade IV of graft-versus-host disease would most probably exhibit _____.(Select all that apply.)

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Question 19

Forty-four-year old Danielle Bouvier is on the waiting list for a kidney transplant and is receiving weekly dialysis.Her HLA type is: HLA-A: 0101/0301; HLA-B: 0702/0801; HLA-DRB1: 0301/0701.Today,Danielle's physician informed her that several potential kidney donors are available.Which of the following would be the most suitable?

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 88

Alloantibodies specific for HLA class I molecules can mediate hyperacute rejection of kidney transplants.Explain under what conditions an individual would possess preexisting antibodies against HLA class I polymorphisms.

Patients who have previously received a blood transfusion that has HLA-DR allotypes in common with their kidney transplant are _____.

_____ is not a drug that targets replication and proliferation of alloantigen-activated T cells.

All of the following are characteristics of blood donations and transfusions that enable their extensive use for transplantation purposes except _____.

Alloantibody production after organ transplantation involves _____.

Alloantibodies to blood-vessel endothelium on solid organ grafts _____.

Which of the following are correctly matched? (Select all that apply.)

Contrast acute rejection and chronic rejection.

The outcome of organ transplantation improves when _____.(Select all that apply.)

Following a hematopoietic stem cell transplant,T-cell responses will be activated by dendritic cells of _____ origin.

Leukapheresis is used in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation where stem cells from a suitable donor are fractionated on the basis of their expression of _____.

As time progresses following an organ transplant,the alloreactive T-cell response shifts from a(n)_ pathway to a(n)_ pathway of allorecognition.

Blood transfusions mismatched for ABO and/or rhesus antigens are associated with _____.(Select all that apply.)

Effector mechanisms of _____ rejection resemble those responsible for type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

If _____ occurs in an organ to be transplanted,endothelial activation,leukocyte infiltration,inflammatory cytokine production,and complement activation may occur.

Acute rejection of a kidney graft involves the activation of recipient T cells by _ of _ origin.

What explains the increased incidence of bone marrow graft failure and cancer relapse when mature T cells are depleted from donor bone marrow before engraftment?

A characteristic of the human eye that enables the cornea to be transplanted with a 90% success rate is that _____.(Select all that apply.)

A patient diagnosed with grade IV of graft-versus-host disease would most probably exhibit _____.(Select all that apply.)

Elements of the Immune System and Their Roles in Defense

Innate Immunity: the Immediate Response to Infection

Innate Immunity: the Induced Response to Infection

Antibody Structure and the Generation of B-Cell Diversity

Antigen Recognition by T Lymphocytes

The Development of B Lymphocytes

The Development of T Lymphocytes

T Cell-Mediated Immunity

Immunity Mediated by B Cells and Antibodies

Preventing Infection at Mucosal Surfaces

Immunological Memory and Vaccination

Coevolution of Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Failures of the Bodys Defenses

Ige-Mediated Immunity and Allergy

Disruption of Healthy Tissue by the Adaptive Immune Response

Cancer and Its Interactions With the Immune System

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Exam 15: Transplantation of Tissues and Organs

Alloantibodies specific for HLA class I molecules can mediate hyperacute rejection of kidney transplants.Explain under what conditions an individual would possess preexisting antibodies against HLA class I polymorphisms.

Patients who have previously received a blood transfusion that has HLA-DR allotypes in common with their kidney transplant are _____.

_____ is not a drug that targets replication and proliferation of alloantigen-activated T cells.

All of the following are characteristics of blood donations and transfusions that enable their extensive use for transplantation purposes except _____.

Alloantibody production after organ transplantation involves _____.

Alloantibodies to blood-vessel endothelium on solid organ grafts _____.

Which of the following are correctly matched? (Select all that apply.)

Contrast acute rejection and chronic rejection.

The outcome of organ transplantation improves when _____.(Select all that apply.)

Following a hematopoietic stem cell transplant,T-cell responses will be activated by dendritic cells of _____ origin.

Leukapheresis is used in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation where stem cells from a suitable donor are fractionated on the basis of their expression of _____.

As time progresses following an organ transplant,the alloreactive T-cell response shifts from a(n)_____ pathway to a(n)_____ pathway of allorecognition.

Blood transfusions mismatched for ABO and/or rhesus antigens are associated with _____.(Select all that apply.)

Effector mechanisms of _____ rejection resemble those responsible for type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

If _____ occurs in an organ to be transplanted,endothelial activation,leukocyte infiltration,inflammatory cytokine production,and complement activation may occur.

Acute rejection of a kidney graft involves the activation of recipient T cells by _____ of _____ origin.

What explains the increased incidence of bone marrow graft failure and cancer relapse when mature T cells are depleted from donor bone marrow before engraftment?

A characteristic of the human eye that enables the cornea to be transplanted with a 90% success rate is that _____.(Select all that apply.)

A patient diagnosed with grade IV of graft-versus-host disease would most probably exhibit _____.(Select all that apply.)

Elements of the Immune System and Their Roles in Defense

Innate Immunity: the Immediate Response to Infection

Innate Immunity: the Induced Response to Infection

Antibody Structure and the Generation of B-Cell Diversity

Antigen Recognition by T Lymphocytes

The Development of B Lymphocytes

The Development of T Lymphocytes

T Cell-Mediated Immunity

Immunity Mediated by B Cells and Antibodies

Preventing Infection at Mucosal Surfaces

Immunological Memory and Vaccination

Coevolution of Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Failures of the Bodys Defenses

Ige-Mediated Immunity and Allergy

Disruption of Healthy Tissue by the Adaptive Immune Response

Cancer and Its Interactions With the Immune System

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As time progresses following an organ transplant,the alloreactive T-cell response shifts from a(n)_ pathway to a(n)_ pathway of allorecognition.

Acute rejection of a kidney graft involves the activation of recipient T cells by _ of _ origin.