Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: hinge region
κ
Fc
α
Fab

Accepted Answer

The Answer of the arms of the antibody that bind is...

Question 2

Naive B cells are recognized by their expression of

Accepted Answer

A) no immunoglobulins on the cell surface because somatic recombination has not yet commenced 
B) both membrane-bound and secreted forms of immunoglobulin 
C) both IgM and IgD on the cell surface 
D) V(
D) J recombinase 
E) uracil-DNA-glycosylase (UNG). 
A) no immunoglobulins on the cell surface because somatic recombination has not yet commenced 
B) both membrane-bound and secreted forms of immunoglobulin 
C) both IgM and IgD on the cell surface 
D) V(
D) J recombinase 
E) uracil-DNA-glycosylase (UNG).

Question 3

Describe the structure of an antibody molecule and how this structure enables it to bind to a specific antigen.Include the following terms in your description: heavy chain (H chain),light chain (L chain),variable region,constant region,Fab,Fc,antigen-binding site,hypervariable region,and framework region.

Accepted Answer

An antibody molecule is made of four pol

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding immunoglobulins is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Immunoglobulins make up five classes (or isotypes)called IgA,IgD,IgE,IgG,and IgM. 
B) Regardless of their isotype,immunoglobulins all have the same effector function. 
C) Antibodies consist of four identical heavy chains and four identical light chains. 
D) Peptide bonds hold the heavy and light chains together. 
E) The constant regions make up the antigen-binding site. 
A) Immunoglobulins make up five classes (or isotypes)called IgA,IgD,IgE,IgG,and IgM. 
B) Regardless of their isotype,immunoglobulins all have the same effector function. 
C) Antibodies consist of four identical heavy chains and four identical light chains. 
D) Peptide bonds hold the heavy and light chains together. 
E) The constant regions make up the antigen-binding site.

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: A flexible hinge region holds the heavy chain and light chain together.
λ and κ light chains have different functions.
The heavy-chain constant region is responsible for the effector function of immunoglobulins.
The antibody secreted by a plasma cell has a different specificity for antigen than the immunoglobulin expressed by its B-cell precursor.
The amino-terminal regions of heavy and light chains of different immunoglobulins all differ in amino acid sequence.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of False and True is...

Question 6

A.What is the basic structural difference between the immunoglobulins produced by B cells and their descendants before antigen encounter and after antigen encounter?
B.Say which cell type(s) produce each form.
C.In which way do these different molecular forms resemble each other?

Accepted Answer

A.Before antigen encounter,antibodies ar

Question 7

Which of the following describes two recombination signal sequences required for a permitted somatic recombination event?

Accepted Answer

A) VH 7-12-9::9-23-7 JH 
B) Vλ7-23-9::9-23-7 Jλ 
C) DH 7-12-9::9-23-7 JH 
D) Vκ7-12-9::7-23-9 Jκ 
E) VH 9-23-7::7-12-9 DH. 
A) VH 7-12-9::9-23-7 JH 
B) Vλ7-23-9::9-23-7 Jλ 
C) DH 7-12-9::9-23-7 JH 
D) Vκ7-12-9::7-23-9 Jκ 
E) VH 9-23-7::7-12-9 DH.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a component of V(D)J recombinase?

Accepted Answer

A) Artemis 
B) Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 
C) RAG-1/RAG-2 
D) DNA ligase IV 
E) DNA-dependent protein kinase and the associated Ku protein. 
A) Artemis 
B) Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 
C) RAG-1/RAG-2 
D) DNA ligase IV 
E) DNA-dependent protein kinase and the associated Ku protein.

Question 9

Which immunoglobulin's main function is to mediate sensitization of mast cells?

Accepted Answer

A) IgA 
B) IgD 
C) IgE 
D) IgG 
E) IgM. 
A) IgA 
B) IgD 
C) IgE 
D) IgG 
E) IgM.

Question 10

A.What is affinity maturation and what molecular process enables it to occur?
B.Describe this process and its consequences.

Accepted Answer

A.Affinity maturation is the phenomenon

Question 11

A _____ antibody is one that facilitates a chemical reaction involving the antigen to which it binds and interacts.

Accepted Answer

A) conformational 
B) multivalent 
C) catalytic 
D) hypervariable 
E) monoclonal. 
A) conformational 
B) multivalent 
C) catalytic 
D) hypervariable 
E) monoclonal.

Question 12

The name given to a fully activated and differentiated B cell that secretes antibody is

Accepted Answer

A) T cell 
B) antigen-presenting cell 
C) hematopoietic cell 
D) secretory cell 
E) plasma cell. 
A) T cell 
B) antigen-presenting cell 
C) hematopoietic cell 
D) secretory cell 
E) plasma cell.

Question 13

The enzyme responsible for recombining V,D,and J segments during somatic recombination is called

Accepted Answer

A) V(
D) J recombinase 
B) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 
C) exonuclease 
D) DNA polymerase 
E) DNA ligase. 
A) V(
D) J recombinase 
B) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 
C) exonuclease 
D) DNA polymerase 
E) DNA ligase.

Question 14

Production by the patient of antibodies against therapeutic mouse monoclonal antibodies is the major limitation for their use in humans.These human anti-antibodies are directed against the _____ of the mouse antibody.

Accepted Answer

A) V regions 
B) D regions 
C) C regions 
D) J regions 
E) MC regions. 
A) V regions 
B) D regions 
C) C regions 
D) J regions 
E) MC regions.

Question 15

_____,_____,and _____ are the three most abundant antibodies in blood:

Accepted Answer

A) IgA,IgD,and IgE 
B) IgA,IgE,and IgG 
C) IgA,IgG,and IgM 
D) IgE,IgG,and IgM 
E) IgD,IgE,and IgM. 
A) IgA,IgD,and IgE 
B) IgA,IgE,and IgG 
C) IgA,IgG,and IgM 
D) IgE,IgG,and IgM 
E) IgD,IgE,and IgM.

Question 16

A newborn derives passive immunity from its mother as a result of placental transfer of _____ during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

A) IgA 
B) IgD 
C) IgE 
D) IgG 
E) IgM. 
A) IgA 
B) IgD 
C) IgE 
D) IgG 
E) IgM.

Question 17

How do recombination signal sequences ensure that gene segment rearrangement occurs in the right order?

Accepted Answer

Gene rearrangement by somatic recombinat

Question 18

Which one of the following features renders all IgG antibodies less susceptible to proteolysis than the other antibody classes?

Accepted Answer

A) length of the hinge region 
B) ability to exchange chains with other IgG antibodies 
C) presence of additional disulfide bonds 
D) capacity to activate complement 
E) degree of accessibility for binding to C1. 
A) length of the hinge region 
B) ability to exchange chains with other IgG antibodies 
C) presence of additional disulfide bonds 
D) capacity to activate complement 
E) degree of accessibility for binding to C1.

Question 19

All of the following comprise heavy-chain isotypes of immunoglobulin except

Accepted Answer

A) α 
B) β 
C) γ 
D) δ 
E) ε 
A) α 
B) β 
C) γ 
D) δ 
E) ε

Question 20

Isotype switching and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement by somatic recombination are both recombinational processes but have very different outcomes.Give four ways in which they differ from each other.

Accepted Answer

(1)Gene rearrangements affect the variab

Naive B cells are recognized by their expression of

Which of the following statements regarding immunoglobulins is correct?

A.What is the basic structural difference between the immunoglobulins produced by B cells and their descendants before antigen encounter and after antigen encounter? B.Say which cell type(s) produce each form. C.In which way do these different molecular forms resemble each other?

Which of the following describes two recombination signal sequences required for a permitted somatic recombination event?

Which of the following is not a component of V(D)J recombinase?

Which immunoglobulin's main function is to mediate sensitization of mast cells?

A.What is affinity maturation and what molecular process enables it to occur? B.Describe this process and its consequences.

A _____ antibody is one that facilitates a chemical reaction involving the antigen to which it binds and interacts.

The name given to a fully activated and differentiated B cell that secretes antibody is

The enzyme responsible for recombining V,D,and J segments during somatic recombination is called

Production by the patient of antibodies against therapeutic mouse monoclonal antibodies is the major limitation for their use in humans.These human anti-antibodies are directed against the _____ of the mouse antibody.

___,_,and ___ are the three most abundant antibodies in blood:

A newborn derives passive immunity from its mother as a result of placental transfer of _____ during pregnancy.

How do recombination signal sequences ensure that gene segment rearrangement occurs in the right order?

Which one of the following features renders all IgG antibodies less susceptible to proteolysis than the other antibody classes?

All of the following comprise heavy-chain isotypes of immunoglobulin except

Isotype switching and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement by somatic recombination are both recombinational processes but have very different outcomes.Give four ways in which they differ from each other.

Elements of the Immune System and Their Roles in Defense

Innate Immunity: the Immediate Response to Infection

Innate Immunity: the Induced Response to Infection

Antigen Recognition by T Lymphocytes

The Development of B Lymphocytes

The Development of T Lymphocytes

T Cell-Mediated Immunity

Immunity Mediated by B Cells and Antibodies

Preventing Infection at Mucosal Surfaces

Immunological Memory and Vaccination

Coevolution of Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Failures of the Bodys Defenses

Ige-Mediated Immunity and Allergy

Transplantation of Tissues and Organs

Disruption of Healthy Tissue by the Adaptive Immune Response

Cancer and Its Interactions With the Immune System

Filters

Exam 4: Antibody Structure and the Generation of B-Cell Diversity

Naive B cells are recognized by their expression of

Which of the following statements regarding immunoglobulins is correct?

A.What is the basic structural difference between the immunoglobulins produced by B cells and their descendants before antigen encounter and after antigen encounter? B.Say which cell type(s) produce each form. C.In which way do these different molecular forms resemble each other?

Which of the following describes two recombination signal sequences required for a permitted somatic recombination event?

Which of the following is not a component of V(D)J recombinase?

Which immunoglobulin's main function is to mediate sensitization of mast cells?

A.What is affinity maturation and what molecular process enables it to occur? B.Describe this process and its consequences.

A _____ antibody is one that facilitates a chemical reaction involving the antigen to which it binds and interacts.

The name given to a fully activated and differentiated B cell that secretes antibody is

The enzyme responsible for recombining V,D,and J segments during somatic recombination is called

Production by the patient of antibodies against therapeutic mouse monoclonal antibodies is the major limitation for their use in humans.These human anti-antibodies are directed against the _____ of the mouse antibody.

_____,_____,and _____ are the three most abundant antibodies in blood:

A newborn derives passive immunity from its mother as a result of placental transfer of _____ during pregnancy.

How do recombination signal sequences ensure that gene segment rearrangement occurs in the right order?

Which one of the following features renders all IgG antibodies less susceptible to proteolysis than the other antibody classes?

All of the following comprise heavy-chain isotypes of immunoglobulin except

Isotype switching and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement by somatic recombination are both recombinational processes but have very different outcomes.Give four ways in which they differ from each other.

Elements of the Immune System and Their Roles in Defense

Innate Immunity: the Immediate Response to Infection

Innate Immunity: the Induced Response to Infection

Antigen Recognition by T Lymphocytes

The Development of B Lymphocytes

The Development of T Lymphocytes

T Cell-Mediated Immunity

Immunity Mediated by B Cells and Antibodies

Preventing Infection at Mucosal Surfaces

Immunological Memory and Vaccination

Coevolution of Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Failures of the Bodys Defenses

Ige-Mediated Immunity and Allergy

Transplantation of Tissues and Organs

Disruption of Healthy Tissue by the Adaptive Immune Response

Cancer and Its Interactions With the Immune System

Filters

___,_,and ___ are the three most abundant antibodies in blood: