Question 1

When your mind is "racing" at night and you cannot fall asleep what, region of the brain is keeping you awake?

Accepted Answer

A) reticular formation 
B) cerebellum 
C) limbic system 
D) pons 
E) forebrain 
A) reticular formation 
B) cerebellum 
C) limbic system 
D) pons 
E) forebrain A

Question 2

What type of glial cell is necessary for normal development of the blood- brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A) astrocytes 
B) microglia 
C) oligodendrocytes 
D) Schwann cells 
E) ependymal cells 
A) astrocytes 
B) microglia 
C) oligodendrocytes 
D) Schwann cells 
E) ependymal cells A

Question 3

What anatomical feature of the brain has a similar function to that of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

A) basal nuclei 
B) cingulate gyrus 
C) corpus callosum 
D) choroid plexus 
E) amygdala 
A) basal nuclei 
B) cingulate gyrus 
C) corpus callosum 
D) choroid plexus 
E) amygdala A

Question 4

Describe the receptor- mediated events that appear to play a role in long- term potentiation and learning plasticity within the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

stimulate the postsynaptic membrane to r

Question 5

Which of the following substances requires mediated transport to cross the blood- brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen 
B) hydrogen ions 
C) ethanol 
D) glucose 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) oxygen 
B) hydrogen ions 
C) ethanol 
D) glucose 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 6

The three meninges from neural tissue to bone are

Accepted Answer

A) dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. 
B) arachnoid mater, pia mater, and dura mater. 
C) pia mater, dura mater, and arachnoid mater. 
D) dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater. 
E) pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater. 
A) dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. 
B) arachnoid mater, pia mater, and dura mater. 
C) pia mater, dura mater, and arachnoid mater. 
D) dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater. 
E) pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater.

Question 7

Which of the following degrades certain neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

A) microglia 
B) Schwann cell 
C) astrocyte 
D) ependymal cell 
E) oligodendrocyte 
A) microglia 
B) Schwann cell 
C) astrocyte 
D) ependymal cell 
E) oligodendrocyte

Question 8

Huntington's disease is one of the few dominant genetic disorders that causes exaggerated involuntary jerking motions and progressive dementia. What area of the brain is primarily responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A) corpus callosum 
B) cingulate gyrus 
C) basal nuclei 
D) choroid plexus 
E) amygdala 
A) corpus callosum 
B) cingulate gyrus 
C) basal nuclei 
D) choroid plexus 
E) amygdala

Question 9

Characterize the four types of reflexes, including the essential components of a reflex arc, and describe the details of the withdrawal reflex.

Accepted Answer

Reflexes describe automatic, patterned r

Question 10

Hunger and satiety centers are located in which area of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) thalamus 
C) basal nuclei 
D) corpus callosum 
E) cerebellum 
A) hypothalamus 
B) thalamus 
C) basal nuclei 
D) corpus callosum 
E) cerebellum

Question 11

If you tend to remember your dreams, what stage of sleep are you in and what time of the night are the dreams likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

A) REM sleep and early in the sleep cycle, or just as you make your way into REM sleep 
B) REM sleep during the alternating patterns of REM 
C) REM sleep and late into the sleep cycle, or prior to waking in the morning 
D) slow- wave sleep during stage 1, or just as you fall asleep 
E) slow- wave sleep during stage 4, or in deep sleep just before you go into REM sleep 
A) REM sleep and early in the sleep cycle, or just as you make your way into REM sleep 
B) REM sleep during the alternating patterns of REM 
C) REM sleep and late into the sleep cycle, or prior to waking in the morning 
D) slow- wave sleep during stage 1, or just as you fall asleep 
E) slow- wave sleep during stage 4, or in deep sleep just before you go into REM sleep

Question 12

What area of the brain controls language comprehension?

Accepted Answer

A) Wernicke's area 
B) amygdala 
C) Broca's area 
D) limbic system 
E) hypothalamus 
A) Wernicke's area 
B) amygdala 
C) Broca's area 
D) limbic system 
E) hypothalamus

Question 13

What emotion drives addiction?

Accepted Answer

A) depression 
B) aggression 
C) fear 
D) pleasure 
E) anger 
A) depression 
B) aggression 
C) fear 
D) pleasure 
E) anger

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of rapid eye movement (REM)sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) increased parasympathetic activity 
B) increased brain activity 
C) decreased limbic system activity 
D) loss of postural muscle tone 
E) illogical and bizarre thoughts 
A) increased parasympathetic activity 
B) increased brain activity 
C) decreased limbic system activity 
D) loss of postural muscle tone 
E) illogical and bizarre thoughts

Question 15

The brain runs exclusively on glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The region of the brainstem important in the sleep- wake cycle, the arousal of the cerebral cortex, and in consciousness is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) medulla oblongata. 
B) reticular formation. 
C) midbrain. 
D) pons. 
E) corpus callosum. 
A) medulla oblongata. 
B) reticular formation. 
C) midbrain. 
D) pons. 
E) corpus callosum.

Question 17

The increased influx of calcium at a postsynaptic terminal with glutamate receptors

Accepted Answer

A) activates the NMDA receptor to increase calcium influx. 
B) causes a greater release of neurotransmitter from the postsynaptic cell. 
C) activates the AMPA receptor to increase sodium influx. 
D) activates a protein kinase that phosphorylates the AMPA receptor, making it more sensitive to glutamate. 
E) activates a protein kinase that phosphorylates the NMDA receptor, making it more sensitive to glutamate. 
A) activates the NMDA receptor to increase calcium influx. 
B) causes a greater release of neurotransmitter from the postsynaptic cell. 
C) activates the AMPA receptor to increase sodium influx. 
D) activates a protein kinase that phosphorylates the AMPA receptor, making it more sensitive to glutamate. 
E) activates a protein kinase that phosphorylates the NMDA receptor, making it more sensitive to glutamate.

Question 18

In the somatosensory cortex, the hands have a greater area of representation than the feet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Brain lateralization is absolute.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a function of sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) to conserve energy 
B) mental practicing while dreaming 
C) to enhance immune function 
D) to facilitate long- term memory 
E) to clear short- term memory 
A) to conserve energy 
B) mental practicing while dreaming 
C) to enhance immune function 
D) to facilitate long- term memory 
E) to clear short- term memory

Exam 9: The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

When your mind is "racing" at night and you cannot fall asleep what, region of the brain is keeping you awake?

What type of glial cell is necessary for normal development of the blood- brain barrier?

What anatomical feature of the brain has a similar function to that of the cerebellum?

Describe the receptor- mediated events that appear to play a role in long- term potentiation and learning plasticity within the central nervous system.

Which of the following substances requires mediated transport to cross the blood- brain barrier?

The three meninges from neural tissue to bone are

Which of the following degrades certain neurotransmitters?

Huntington's disease is one of the few dominant genetic disorders that causes exaggerated involuntary jerking motions and progressive dementia. What area of the brain is primarily responsible for these symptoms?

Characterize the four types of reflexes, including the essential components of a reflex arc, and describe the details of the withdrawal reflex.

Hunger and satiety centers are located in which area of the brain?

If you tend to remember your dreams, what stage of sleep are you in and what time of the night are the dreams likely occurring?

What area of the brain controls language comprehension?

What emotion drives addiction?

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of rapid eye movement (REM)sleep?

The brain runs exclusively on glucose.

The region of the brainstem important in the sleep- wake cycle, the arousal of the cerebral cortex, and in consciousness is known as the

The increased influx of calcium at a postsynaptic terminal with glutamate receptors

In the somatosensory cortex, the hands have a greater area of representation than the feet.

Brain lateralization is absolute.

Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a function of sleep?

Introduction to Physiology

The Cell: Structure and Function

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

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