Question 1

Most of the cells of the body are able to directly exchange materials with the external environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Blood glucose is a regulated variable controlled by a negative feedback loop. Explain what is meant by the term negative feedback and discuss how this mechanism would work in the case of high blood glucose.

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback systems reverse the response of an increasing variable back to the set point for that variable. In this case, the rising blood glucose levels are detected by the sensors or beta cells within the pancreas. The beta cells also act as the integrating center and release the hormone insulin into the blood stream. Insulin causes glucose to move from the plasma of the blood into the cells of the body or effectors therefore driving down the levels of glucose back to within normal ranges.

Question 3

Which of the following is/are a component of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

A) brain 
B) adrenal gland 
C) bronchi 
D) esophagus 
E) blood vessels 
A) brain 
B) adrenal gland 
C) bronchi 
D) esophagus 
E) blood vessels E

Question 4

The process whereby fluid in the kidneys is transported from the tubules back into the bloodstream is called

Accepted Answer

A) filtration. 
B) reabsorption. 
C) secretion. 
D) absorption. 
E) excretion. 
A) filtration. 
B) reabsorption. 
C) secretion. 
D) absorption. 
E) excretion.

Question 5

Body mass index is a measure of weight in kilograms relative to

Accepted Answer

A) arm length. 
B) gender. 
C) height in meters (squared). 
D) weight (in kilograms in water). 
E) waste circumference. 
A) arm length. 
B) gender. 
C) height in meters (squared). 
D) weight (in kilograms in water). 
E) waste circumference.

Question 6

Of the following conditions associated with excess heat, which is the most serious condition?

Accepted Answer

A) heat exhaustion 
B) dizziness 
C) dehydration 
D) excessive sweating 
E) heat stroke 
A) heat exhaustion 
B) dizziness 
C) dehydration 
D) excessive sweating 
E) heat stroke

Question 7

Effectors bring about a final response in a negative feedback loop.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The fluid (non- cellular)portion of blood is called

Accepted Answer

A) the internal environment. 
B) interstitial fluid. 
C) plasma. 
D) intracellular matrix. 
E) intracellular fluid. 
A) the internal environment. 
B) interstitial fluid. 
C) plasma. 
D) intracellular matrix. 
E) intracellular fluid.

Question 9

What are the two extracellular fluid compartments of the body?

Accepted Answer

A) intracellular fluid and plasma 
B) interstitial fluid and blood 
C) intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid 
D) interstitial fluid and plasma 
E) intracellular fluid and blood 
A) intracellular fluid and plasma 
B) interstitial fluid and blood 
C) intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid 
D) interstitial fluid and plasma 
E) intracellular fluid and blood

Question 10

Pre- diabetics have fasting blood glucose levels of

Accepted Answer

A) 150- 200 mg/dL 
B) 200- 210 mg/dL 
C) 70- 100 mg/dL 
D) 100- 125 mg/dL 
E) 90- 100 mg/dL 
A) 150- 200 mg/dL 
B) 200- 210 mg/dL 
C) 70- 100 mg/dL 
D) 100- 125 mg/dL 
E) 90- 100 mg/dL

Question 11

Which of the following best describes intracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) rich in sodium and chloride 
B) rich in sodium, potassium, and chloride 
C) rich in proteins and chloride 
D) rich in proteins and potassium 
E) rich in potassium and chloride 
A) rich in sodium and chloride 
B) rich in sodium, potassium, and chloride 
C) rich in proteins and chloride 
D) rich in proteins and potassium 
E) rich in potassium and chloride

Question 12

Positive feedback loops are impossible to stop once they have begun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which tissue below contracts to generate force?

Accepted Answer

A) epithelial tissue 
B) connective tissue 
C) nervous tissue 
D) muscle tissue 
E) reticular tissue 
A) epithelial tissue 
B) connective tissue 
C) nervous tissue 
D) muscle tissue 
E) reticular tissue

Question 14

Which of the following is/are associated with the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

A) esophagus 
B) bronchi 
C) adrenal gland 
D) blood vessels 
E) pancreas 
A) esophagus 
B) bronchi 
C) adrenal gland 
D) blood vessels 
E) pancreas

Question 15

What tissue is a major component of bone, ligaments, and blood?

Accepted Answer

A) epithelial 
B) connective 
C) nervous 
D) muscle 
E) endocrine 
A) epithelial 
B) connective 
C) nervous 
D) muscle 
E) endocrine

Question 16

Luteinizing hormone- mediated regulation of estrogen during ovulation in women is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a negative feedback loop. 
B) both a positive and a negative feedback loop. 
C) a quasi- negative feedback loop. 
D) a quasi- positive feedback loop. 
E) a positive feedback loop. 
A) a negative feedback loop. 
B) both a positive and a negative feedback loop. 
C) a quasi- negative feedback loop. 
D) a quasi- positive feedback loop. 
E) a positive feedback loop.

Question 17

Which of the following is/are associated with the gastrointestinal system?

Accepted Answer

A) blood vessels 
B) esophagus 
C) bronchi 
D) adrenal gland 
E) brain 
A) blood vessels 
B) esophagus 
C) bronchi 
D) adrenal gland 
E) brain

Question 18

Exocrine glands secrete hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which tissue below conducts signals primarily via electrical impulses?

Accepted Answer

A) epithelial tissue 
B) connective tissue 
C) nervous tissue 
D) muscle tissue 
E) reticular tissue 
A) epithelial tissue 
B) connective tissue 
C) nervous tissue 
D) muscle tissue 
E) reticular tissue

Question 20

Which of the following types of diabetes mellitus was formerly referred to as insulin- dependent or juvenile- onset diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A) diabetes insipidus 
B) prediabetes 
C) type 1 
D) gestational diabetes 
E) type 2 
A) diabetes insipidus 
B) prediabetes 
C) type 1 
D) gestational diabetes 
E) type 2

Exam 1: Introduction to Physiology

Most of the cells of the body are able to directly exchange materials with the external environment.

Blood glucose is a regulated variable controlled by a negative feedback loop. Explain what is meant by the term negative feedback and discuss how this mechanism would work in the case of high blood glucose.

Which of the following is/are a component of the cardiovascular system?

The process whereby fluid in the kidneys is transported from the tubules back into the bloodstream is called

Body mass index is a measure of weight in kilograms relative to

Of the following conditions associated with excess heat, which is the most serious condition?

Effectors bring about a final response in a negative feedback loop.

The fluid (non- cellular)portion of blood is called

What are the two extracellular fluid compartments of the body?

Pre- diabetics have fasting blood glucose levels of

Which of the following best describes intracellular fluid?

Positive feedback loops are impossible to stop once they have begun.

Which tissue below contracts to generate force?

Which of the following is/are associated with the endocrine system?

What tissue is a major component of bone, ligaments, and blood?

Luteinizing hormone- mediated regulation of estrogen during ovulation in women is an example of

Which of the following is/are associated with the gastrointestinal system?

Exocrine glands secrete hormones.

Which tissue below conducts signals primarily via electrical impulses?

Which of the following types of diabetes mellitus was formerly referred to as insulin- dependent or juvenile- onset diabetes mellitus?

The Cell: Structure and Function

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

Filters