Question 1

Septic shock can cause disseminated intravascular coagulation that blocks blood flow and promotes organ failure and tissue necrosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Which of the following would not be the origin of the bacteremia leading to endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  venous catheters 
B)  infected gums 
C)  pneumonia 
D)  urinary tract infections 
E)  skin abscesses 
A)  venous catheters 
B)  infected gums 
C)  pneumonia 
D)  urinary tract infections 
E)  skin abscesses C

Question 3

Who is primarily at risk for a candidiasis infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  patients with long hospital stays 
B)  patients confined to a bed 
C)  patients with cancer 
D)  immunocompromised individuals who have underlying conditions such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, AIDS, or who are taking medication that suppresses the immune system 
E)  elderly patients 
A)  patients with long hospital stays 
B)  patients confined to a bed 
C)  patients with cancer 
D)  immunocompromised individuals who have underlying conditions such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, AIDS, or who are taking medication that suppresses the immune system 
E)  elderly patients D

Question 4

Endocarditis is mainly seen in people who have damaged, abnormal, or artificial heart valves or other heart defects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is one of the most common agents to cause endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Borrelia burgdorferi 
B)  Francisella tularensis 
C)  Yersinia pestis 
D)  Rickettsia rickettsii 
E)  Staphylococcus aureus 
A)  Borrelia burgdorferi 
B)  Francisella tularensis 
C)  Yersinia pestis 
D)  Rickettsia rickettsii 
E)  Staphylococcus aureus

Question 6

Burkitt's lymphoma is a possible complication of which disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lassa virus 
B)  human immunodeficiency virus 
C)  Epstein- Barr virus 
D)  Marburg virus 
E)  Ebola virus 
A)  Lassa virus 
B)  human immunodeficiency virus 
C)  Epstein- Barr virus 
D)  Marburg virus 
E)  Ebola virus

Question 7

Rocky Mountain spotted fever continues to be isolated to those states that border the Rocky Mountains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Erythema migrans often develops as a result of what infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Francisella tularensis 
C)  Rickettsia rickettsii 
D)  Yersinia pestis 
E)  Borrelia burgdorferi 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Francisella tularensis 
C)  Rickettsia rickettsii 
D)  Yersinia pestis 
E)  Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 9

Why are ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis of concern?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both produce major signs that can be permanent. 
B)  Both are fatal. 
C)  Treatment is long and difficult for both. 
D)  Areas of infection are spreading to other countries. 
E)  Incidence of both is increasing. 
A)  Both produce major signs that can be permanent. 
B)  Both are fatal. 
C)  Treatment is long and difficult for both. 
D)  Areas of infection are spreading to other countries. 
E)  Incidence of both is increasing.

Question 10

Which of the following describes how blood travels through the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle, rest of the body 
B)  left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, rest of the body 
C)  left atrium, right atrium, lungs, left ventricle, right ventricle, rest of the body 
D)  right atrium, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle, left ventricle, rest of the body 
E)  right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, rest of the body 
A)  left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle, rest of the body 
B)  left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, rest of the body 
C)  left atrium, right atrium, lungs, left ventricle, right ventricle, rest of the body 
D)  right atrium, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle, left ventricle, rest of the body 
E)  right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, rest of the body

Question 11

What three outcomes result from a human T lymphotropic virus infection?

Accepted Answer

1. Virus- infected T cells grow abnormal

Question 12

Complicated malaria is more common in which of the following patient populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  immunocompromised patients 
B)  young adult patients 
C)  young patients 
D)  young or elderly patients, as well as those who are pregnant or immunocompromised 
E)  elderly patients 
A)  immunocompromised patients 
B)  young adult patients 
C)  young patients 
D)  young or elderly patients, as well as those who are pregnant or immunocompromised 
E)  elderly patients

Question 13

Which stage marks the progression of HIV to AIDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV 
E)  stage V 
A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV 
E)  stage V

Question 14

What is lymph?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein- rich blood plasma that has left capillaries 
B)  the portion of blood that contains red blood cells 
C)  the portion of blood that contains white blood cells and platelets 
D)  thick carbohydrate matrix that supports cells in various tissues of the body 
E)  the layer of lipids that collects under the skin for protection and insulation 
A)  protein- rich blood plasma that has left capillaries 
B)  the portion of blood that contains red blood cells 
C)  the portion of blood that contains white blood cells and platelets 
D)  thick carbohydrate matrix that supports cells in various tissues of the body 
E)  the layer of lipids that collects under the skin for protection and insulation

Question 15

Describe how you would initially manage a patient with sepsis and then what additional steps you would take if the patient needed to be put on life support.

Accepted Answer

Managing sepsis mainly involves reducing

Question 16

Why are early symptoms of a Francisella tularensis infection often difficult to diagnose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient symptoms are the only indication that leads to a diagnosis. 
B)  The bacteria do not grow in culture. 
C)  Early symptoms can vary based on how the bacteria are transmitted. 
D)  Symptoms are often mild and go unnoticed. 
E)  Symptoms progress so slowly it can be months before the patient seeks medical care. 
A)  Patient symptoms are the only indication that leads to a diagnosis. 
B)  The bacteria do not grow in culture. 
C)  Early symptoms can vary based on how the bacteria are transmitted. 
D)  Symptoms are often mild and go unnoticed. 
E)  Symptoms progress so slowly it can be months before the patient seeks medical care.

Question 17

How can a chikungunya infection be differentiated from a dengue infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Differentiation is based on symptoms due to the two presenting quite differently. 
B)  stool analysis 
C)  liver biopsy 
D)  microscopic analysis of the blood 
E)  blood tests that identify viral antigens, viral RNA, or patient antibodies to the virus 
A)  Differentiation is based on symptoms due to the two presenting quite differently. 
B)  stool analysis 
C)  liver biopsy 
D)  microscopic analysis of the blood 
E)  blood tests that identify viral antigens, viral RNA, or patient antibodies to the virus

Question 18

Which of the following numbers represents arterioles?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 19

Mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium pass on which of the following to the host?

Accepted Answer

A)  sporozoites 
B)  merozoites 
C)  schizonts 
D)  trophozoites 
E)  gametocytes 
A)  sporozoites 
B)  merozoites 
C)  schizonts 
D)  trophozoites 
E)  gametocytes

Question 20

When traveling to regions where malaria is common, what is the recommendation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Preventive antimalarial drugs should be taken daily while traveling in endemic areas. 
B)  Spray your clothes with insecticide each morning you are traveling in endemic areas. 
C)  Get vaccinated for malaria before traveling. 
D)  Buy a bed net while traveling. 
E)  If you get malaria buy some antimalarial drugs while traveling. 
A)  Preventive antimalarial drugs should be taken daily while traveling in endemic areas. 
B)  Spray your clothes with insecticide each morning you are traveling in endemic areas. 
C)  Get vaccinated for malaria before traveling. 
D)  Buy a bed net while traveling. 
E)  If you get malaria buy some antimalarial drugs while traveling.

Exam 21: Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Infections

Septic shock can cause disseminated intravascular coagulation that blocks blood flow and promotes organ failure and tissue necrosis.

Which of the following would not be the origin of the bacteremia leading to endocarditis?

Who is primarily at risk for a candidiasis infection?

Endocarditis is mainly seen in people who have damaged, abnormal, or artificial heart valves or other heart defects.

Which of the following is one of the most common agents to cause endocarditis?

Burkitt's lymphoma is a possible complication of which disease?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever continues to be isolated to those states that border the Rocky Mountains.

Erythema migrans often develops as a result of what infection?

Why are ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis of concern?

Which of the following describes how blood travels through the heart?

What three outcomes result from a human T lymphotropic virus infection?

Complicated malaria is more common in which of the following patient populations?

Which stage marks the progression of HIV to AIDS?

What is lymph?

Describe how you would initially manage a patient with sepsis and then what additional steps you would take if the patient needed to be put on life support.

Why are early symptoms of a Francisella tularensis infection often difficult to diagnose?

How can a chikungunya infection be differentiated from a dengue infection?

Which of the following numbers represents arterioles?

Mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium pass on which of the following to the host?

When traveling to regions where malaria is common, what is the recommendation?

Introduction to Microbiology

Biochemistry Basics

Introduction to Prokaryotic Cells

Introduction to Eukaryotic Cells

Genetics

Viruses and Prions

Fundamentals of Microbial Growth

Microbial Metabolism

Principles of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology

Host-Microbe Interactions and Pathogenesis

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immune System Disorders

Vaccines and Biotechnology-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Antimicrobial Drugs

Respiratory System Infections

Skin and Eye Infections

Nervous System Infections

Digestive System Infections

Urinary and Reproductive System Infections

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