Question 1

What enzyme transfers a block of sugars to asparagine residues of a polypeptide as it enters the RER?

Accepted Answer

A) glycosyltransferase 
B) acid phosphatase 
C) oligosaccharyltransferase 
D) cellulose 
E) glycolase 
A) glycosyltransferase 
B) acid phosphatase 
C) oligosaccharyltransferase 
D) cellulose 
E) glycolase

Question 2

The N-terminal targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is ultimately removed by _______ following import into the matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) signal peptidase 
B) mitochondrial processing peptidase 
C) mitochondrial processing lipase 
D) mitochodrial signal peptidase 
E) mitochondrial signalase 
A) signal peptidase 
B) mitochondrial processing peptidase 
C) mitochondrial processing lipase 
D) mitochodrial signal peptidase 
E) mitochondrial signalase

Question 3

How do integral membrane proteins enter the lipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

A) They insert into the membrane from the RER lumen after their synthesis is complete. 
B) The aqueous translocon channel has a gate that continuously opens and closes, giving each nascent polypeptide segment a chance to partition itself into the lipid bilayer's hydrophobic core. 
C) They insert into the membrane from the cytosol after their synthesis is complete. 
D) The membrane is disrupted and proteins are incorporated during reassembly. 
A) They insert into the membrane from the RER lumen after their synthesis is complete. 
B) The aqueous translocon channel has a gate that continuously opens and closes, giving each nascent polypeptide segment a chance to partition itself into the lipid bilayer's hydrophobic core. 
C) They insert into the membrane from the cytosol after their synthesis is complete. 
D) The membrane is disrupted and proteins are incorporated during reassembly.

Question 4

Which of these molecules is NOT transported in extracellular vesicles?

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasmic proteins 
B) membrane proteins 
C) DNA 
D) mRNA 
E) noncoding RNA 
A) cytoplasmic proteins 
B) membrane proteins 
C) DNA 
D) mRNA 
E) noncoding RNA

Question 5

Where does the peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS)receptor bind to peroxisome-destined proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) in the nucleus 
B) in the cytoplasm (cytosol) 
C) in the mitochondrion 
D) in the peroxisome 
E) in the RER 
A) in the nucleus 
B) in the cytoplasm (cytosol) 
C) in the mitochondrion 
D) in the peroxisome 
E) in the RER

Question 6

The correct order of passage of materials produced in a biosynthetic pathway is:

Accepted Answer

A) endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, plasma membrane, secretory vesicle 
B) endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle, plasma membrane 
C) endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, secretory vesicle, plasma membrane 
D) endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi complex, plasma membrane 
A) endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, plasma membrane, secretory vesicle 
B) endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle, plasma membrane 
C) endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, secretory vesicle, plasma membrane 
D) endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi complex, plasma membrane

Question 7

People with Niemann-Pick type C disease suffer from what defect?

Accepted Answer

A) They lack one of two lysosomal enzymes. 
B) They cannot degrade HDL particles. 
C) They cannot degrade LDL particles. 
D) They lack one of the proteins needed to transport cholesterol out of lysosomes. 
E) Their LDL receptors are nonfunctional. 
A) They lack one of two lysosomal enzymes. 
B) They cannot degrade HDL particles. 
C) They cannot degrade LDL particles. 
D) They lack one of the proteins needed to transport cholesterol out of lysosomes. 
E) Their LDL receptors are nonfunctional.

Question 8

The drugs that lower LDL concentration in the blood function by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) blocking a key cholesterol-degrading enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
B) activating a key cholesterol-degrading enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
C) blocking a key cholesterol synthesis enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
D) activating a key cholesterol synthesis enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
E) blocking a key cholesterol synthesis enzyme, HMG CoA oxidase 
A) blocking a key cholesterol-degrading enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
B) activating a key cholesterol-degrading enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
C) blocking a key cholesterol synthesis enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
D) activating a key cholesterol synthesis enzyme, HMG CoA reductase 
E) blocking a key cholesterol synthesis enzyme, HMG CoA oxidase

Question 9

What protein is associated with HDL particles?

Accepted Answer

A) Large LDL particle B-100 
B) LDLenin 
C) apolipoprotein B-100 
D) statin 
E) apolipoprotein A-1 
A) Large LDL particle B-100 
B) LDLenin 
C) apolipoprotein B-100 
D) statin 
E) apolipoprotein A-1

Question 10

What cellular response is triggered by the regulated release of Ca2+ ions from the SER?

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal muscle cell contraction 
B) secretory vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane 
C) release of neurotransmitters from nerve cells 
D) release of the contents of the acrosome from the head of a sperm 
A) skeletal muscle cell contraction 
B) secretory vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane 
C) release of neurotransmitters from nerve cells 
D) release of the contents of the acrosome from the head of a sperm

Question 11

The oligosaccharide block that is added to secretory proteins after they enter the ER lumen goes through a number of modifications after its attachment. What is the first modification that occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) addition of more sugars 
B) addition of glucose 
C) trimming of some sugars from the oligosaccharide block 
D) chemical modification of the sugars on the oligosaccharide chain 
E) both addition of more sugars and addition of glucose 
A) addition of more sugars 
B) addition of glucose 
C) trimming of some sugars from the oligosaccharide block 
D) chemical modification of the sugars on the oligosaccharide chain 
E) both addition of more sugars and addition of glucose

Question 12

What happens to the products of the breakdown of materials brought into a single-celled organism from the extracellular environment?

Accepted Answer

A) They are used as nutrients and are released to the extracellular space. 
B) They are used as nutrients and are released into the cytoplasm. 
C) Peptides produced during digestion are posted on the cell surface. 
D) They are used to build the nuclear envelope and are released into the cytoplasm. 
E) They are maintained within the lysosome and used for building new lysosomes. 
A) They are used as nutrients and are released to the extracellular space. 
B) They are used as nutrients and are released into the cytoplasm. 
C) Peptides produced during digestion are posted on the cell surface. 
D) They are used to build the nuclear envelope and are released into the cytoplasm. 
E) They are maintained within the lysosome and used for building new lysosomes.

Question 13

A control cell that is synthesizing a GFP-labeled version of mannosidase II has fluorescence localized in the Golgi complexes of the cell. Normally, this enzyme is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and moves via transport vesicles to the Golgi complex, where it takes up residence. If an experimental cell contains an siRNA that leads to the fluorescence being restricted to the endoplasmic reticulum, with what would the siRNA be likely to interfere?

Accepted Answer

A) an mRNA that codes for a protein involved in the transport of the enzyme from the ER to the Golgi complex 
B) an rRNA that synthesizes the enzyme 
C) the synthesis of mannosidase II from its mRNA 
D) an mRNA that codes for a protein involved in the transport of the enzyme from the Golgi complex to the ER 
E) an mRNA that codes for the enzyme 
A) an mRNA that codes for a protein involved in the transport of the enzyme from the ER to the Golgi complex 
B) an rRNA that synthesizes the enzyme 
C) the synthesis of mannosidase II from its mRNA 
D) an mRNA that codes for a protein involved in the transport of the enzyme from the Golgi complex to the ER 
E) an mRNA that codes for the enzyme

Question 14

How many subcompartments do peroxisomes have into which an imported protein can be placed?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Question 15

Elevated temperatures at which temperature-sensitive mutants do not work are called ________ temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A) restrictive 
B) permissive 
C) temperature-sensitive 
D) frame-shift 
E) point 
A) restrictive 
B) permissive 
C) temperature-sensitive 
D) frame-shift 
E) point

Question 16

V-SNAREs are found _______________and t-SNARES are found _________________:

Accepted Answer

A) incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during budding, in target compartment membranes 
B) in target compartment membranes, incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during budding 
C) in target compartment membranes, in target compartment membranes 
D) incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during fusion, in target compartment membranes 
E) in target compartment membranes, incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during fusion 
A) incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during budding, in target compartment membranes 
B) in target compartment membranes, incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during budding 
C) in target compartment membranes, in target compartment membranes 
D) incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during fusion, in target compartment membranes 
E) in target compartment membranes, incorporated into transport vesicle membranes during fusion

Question 17

What do studies suggest governs the "decision" to destroy a defective protein that has been unable to fold correctly and has been in the ER for an extended period of time?

Accepted Answer

A) a fast-acting ER enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
B) a slow-acting ER enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
C) a fast-acting cytoplasmic enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
D) a slow-acting nuclear enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
E) a slow-acting cytoplasmic enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
A) a fast-acting ER enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
B) a slow-acting ER enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
C) a fast-acting cytoplasmic enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
D) a slow-acting nuclear enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein 
E) a slow-acting cytoplasmic enzyme that trims a mannose residue from an exposed end of the oligosaccharide of a protein

Question 18

What is responsible for adding sugars to dolichol phosphate?

Accepted Answer

A) membrane-bound glycosyltransferases 
B) membrane-bound oligosaccharyltransferase 
C) membrane-bound gangliosidase 
D) glycosylsynthetase 
E) peptidyltransferase 
A) membrane-bound glycosyltransferases 
B) membrane-bound oligosaccharyltransferase 
C) membrane-bound gangliosidase 
D) glycosylsynthetase 
E) peptidyltransferase

Question 19

What helps to give different membrane compartments their own unique surface identity?

Accepted Answer

A) the different proteins contained within them 
B) the different surface nucleotides in each one 
C) the different shapes of the different membrane compartments 
D) the degree of concentration of the contents of the membrane compartments 
A) the different proteins contained within them 
B) the different surface nucleotides in each one 
C) the different shapes of the different membrane compartments 
D) the degree of concentration of the contents of the membrane compartments

Question 20

Which of the following are proposed functions of autophagy?

Accepted Answer

A) It plays a role in organelle turnover. 
B) It is used to cannibalize organelles when a cell is deprived of nutrients. 
C) It protects organisms against intracellular threats like abnormal protein aggregates and invading bacteria. 
D) It plays a role in the regulated destruction of the cell's own organelles and their replacement. 
E) All of the other answers are correct. 
A) It plays a role in organelle turnover. 
B) It is used to cannibalize organelles when a cell is deprived of nutrients. 
C) It protects organisms against intracellular threats like abnormal protein aggregates and invading bacteria. 
D) It plays a role in the regulated destruction of the cell's own organelles and their replacement. 
E) All of the other answers are correct.

What enzyme transfers a block of sugars to asparagine residues of a polypeptide as it enters the RER?

The N-terminal targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is ultimately removed by _______ following import into the matrix.

How do integral membrane proteins enter the lipid bilayer?

Which of these molecules is NOT transported in extracellular vesicles?

Where does the peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS)receptor bind to peroxisome-destined proteins?

The correct order of passage of materials produced in a biosynthetic pathway is:

People with Niemann-Pick type C disease suffer from what defect?

The drugs that lower LDL concentration in the blood function by ________.

What protein is associated with HDL particles?

What cellular response is triggered by the regulated release of Ca²⁺ ions from the SER?

The oligosaccharide block that is added to secretory proteins after they enter the ER lumen goes through a number of modifications after its attachment. What is the first modification that occurs?

What happens to the products of the breakdown of materials brought into a single-celled organism from the extracellular environment?

How many subcompartments do peroxisomes have into which an imported protein can be placed?

Elevated temperatures at which temperature-sensitive mutants do not work are called ________ temperatures.

V-SNAREs are found _and t-SNARES are found ___:

What do studies suggest governs the "decision" to destroy a defective protein that has been unable to fold correctly and has been in the ER for an extended period of time?

What is responsible for adding sugars to dolichol phosphate?

What helps to give different membrane compartments their own unique surface identity?

Which of the following are proposed functions of autophagy?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 8: Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

What enzyme transfers a block of sugars to asparagine residues of a polypeptide as it enters the RER?

The N-terminal targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is ultimately removed by _______ following import into the matrix.

How do integral membrane proteins enter the lipid bilayer?

Which of these molecules is NOT transported in extracellular vesicles?

Where does the peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS)receptor bind to peroxisome-destined proteins?

The correct order of passage of materials produced in a biosynthetic pathway is:

People with Niemann-Pick type C disease suffer from what defect?

The drugs that lower LDL concentration in the blood function by ________.

What protein is associated with HDL particles?

What cellular response is triggered by the regulated release of Ca2+ ions from the SER?

The oligosaccharide block that is added to secretory proteins after they enter the ER lumen goes through a number of modifications after its attachment. What is the first modification that occurs?

What happens to the products of the breakdown of materials brought into a single-celled organism from the extracellular environment?

How many subcompartments do peroxisomes have into which an imported protein can be placed?

Elevated temperatures at which temperature-sensitive mutants do not work are called ________ temperatures.

V-SNAREs are found _______________and t-SNARES are found _________________:

What do studies suggest governs the "decision" to destroy a defective protein that has been unable to fold correctly and has been in the ER for an extended period of time?

What is responsible for adding sugars to dolichol phosphate?

What helps to give different membrane compartments their own unique surface identity?

Which of the following are proposed functions of autophagy?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

What cellular response is triggered by the regulated release of Ca²⁺ ions from the SER?

V-SNAREs are found _and t-SNARES are found ___: