Question 1

Examine the following figure.   What does the image represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  an oil molecule surrounded by bubbles 
B)  a water-soluble salt 
C)  a soap micelle with a dissolved oil droplet 
D)  none of these 
A)  an oil molecule surrounded by bubbles 
B)  a water-soluble salt 
C)  a soap micelle with a dissolved oil droplet 
D)  none of these

Question 2

Which of the intermediates shown below is generated during the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 3

Identify the fatty acid denoted by 20:0.

Accepted Answer

A)  lauric acid 
B)  palmitic acid 
C)  stearic acid 
D)  arachidic acid 
A)  lauric acid 
B)  palmitic acid 
C)  stearic acid 
D)  arachidic acid

Question 4

How is 3-cyclopentene-carboxylic acid converted to 4-hydroxymethyl-cyclopentene?

Accepted Answer

A)  by heating to a high temperature to undergo decarboxylation 
B)  by treating with sodium bicarbonate 
C)  by reducing with LiAlH4 followed by hydrolysis 
D)  by acid-catalyzed reaction with ethanol 
A)  by heating to a high temperature to undergo decarboxylation 
B)  by treating with sodium bicarbonate 
C)  by reducing with LiAlH4 followed by hydrolysis 
D)  by acid-catalyzed reaction with ethanol

Question 5

What will be the organic product obtained from the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 6

Identify the difference between oxalic acid and malonic acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxalic acid has one carboxylic group, whereas malonic acid has two carboxylic groups. 
B)  Oxalic acid has two carboxylic groups, whereas malonic acid has one carboxylic group. 
C)  Oxalic acid has two carbon atoms, whereas malonic acid has three carbon atoms. 
D)  Oxalic acid has three carbon atoms, whereas malonic acid has two carbon atoms. 
A)  Oxalic acid has one carboxylic group, whereas malonic acid has two carboxylic groups. 
B)  Oxalic acid has two carboxylic groups, whereas malonic acid has one carboxylic group. 
C)  Oxalic acid has two carbon atoms, whereas malonic acid has three carbon atoms. 
D)  Oxalic acid has three carbon atoms, whereas malonic acid has two carbon atoms.

Question 7

GABA is the abbreviation for the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid. Which of the following is the structure of GABA?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)  NH2CH2CH2CH2COOH 
D)  none of these 
A)    
B)    
C)  NH2CH2CH2CH2COOH 
D)  none of these

Question 8

What happens when oil is added to a soap solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oil adsorbs on the outer surface of the soap micelles. 
B)  Oil dissolves in the nonpolar hydrocarbon inner parts of the soap micelles. 
C)  Both of these are correct. 
D)  Neither of these is correct. 
A)  Oil adsorbs on the outer surface of the soap micelles. 
B)  Oil dissolves in the nonpolar hydrocarbon inner parts of the soap micelles. 
C)  Both of these are correct. 
D)  Neither of these is correct.

Question 9

Which of the following is correct about the solubilities of propanoic acid and propanal in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is significantly less than propanal. 
B)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is slightly less than propanal. 
C)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is slightly more than propanal. 
D)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is significantly more than propanal. 
A)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is significantly less than propanal. 
B)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is slightly less than propanal. 
C)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is slightly more than propanal. 
D)  Water solubility of propanoic acid is significantly more than propanal.

Question 10

Which of the following correctly describes the reagent(s) used to manufacture a detergent from a linear alkylbenzene precursor?

Accepted Answer

A)  NaOH only 
B)  H2SO4 only 
C)  NaOH followed by H2SO4 
D)  H2SO4 followed by NaOH 
A)  NaOH only 
B)  H2SO4 only 
C)  NaOH followed by H2SO4 
D)  H2SO4 followed by NaOH

Question 11

Identify the acid that is primarily responsible for the sour taste of pickles and sauerkraut.

Accepted Answer

A)  pentanoic acid 
B)  citric acid 
C)  lactic acid 
D)  butanoic acid 
A)  pentanoic acid 
B)  citric acid 
C)  lactic acid 
D)  butanoic acid

Question 12

Identify the catalyst used in the Fischer esterification reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  a strong acid 
B)  a strong base 
C)  either a strong acid or a strong base 
D)  neither a strong acid nor a strong base 
A)  a strong acid 
B)  a strong base 
C)  either a strong acid or a strong base 
D)  neither a strong acid nor a strong base

Question 13

What is formed by the reaction of benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
B)  sodium hydroxybenzoate 
C)  sodium benzenesulfonate 
D)  sodium benzoate 
A)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
B)  sodium hydroxybenzoate 
C)  sodium benzenesulfonate 
D)  sodium benzoate

Question 14

Which of the following statements describes the characteristic of the product obtained when the given compound reacts with NaOH?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is more soluble in water than the reactant is. 
B)  It is soluble in benzene. 
C)  It eventually decomposes to produce carbon dioxide. 
D)  It will not react with NaOH. 
A)  It is more soluble in water than the reactant is. 
B)  It is soluble in benzene. 
C)  It eventually decomposes to produce carbon dioxide. 
D)  It will not react with NaOH.

Question 15

Which of the following is a major component of kidney stones?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium glutarate 
B)  calcium malate 
C)  calcium oxalate 
D)  calcium succinate 
A)  calcium glutarate 
B)  calcium malate 
C)  calcium oxalate 
D)  calcium succinate

Question 16

Why do saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than cis-unsaturated fatty acids of comparable molecular weight.

Accepted Answer

A)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger repulsive forces between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do 
B)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger hydrogen bonds between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do 
C)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger ionic bonds between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do 
D)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger London dispersion forces between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do 
A)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger repulsive forces between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do 
B)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger hydrogen bonds between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do 
C)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger ionic bonds between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do 
D)  because saturated fatty acids have stronger London dispersion forces between their hydrocarbon chains than unsaturated fatty acids do

Question 17

The reactions of a carboxylic acid with which of the following reagents produces a gas?

Accepted Answer

A)  NaHCO3 
B)  NaOH 
C)  both NaHCO3 and NaOH 
D)  neither NaHCO3 nor NaOH 
A)  NaHCO3 
B)  NaOH 
C)  both NaHCO3 and NaOH 
D)  neither NaHCO3 nor NaOH

Question 18

Which of the following must be present in a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group bonded to different carbon atoms 
B)  a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group bonded to the same carbon atom 
C)  two hydroxyl groups bonded to the same carbon atom 
D)  two carbonyl groups bonded to the same carbon atom 
A)  a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group bonded to different carbon atoms 
B)  a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group bonded to the same carbon atom 
C)  two hydroxyl groups bonded to the same carbon atom 
D)  two carbonyl groups bonded to the same carbon atom

Question 19

In which form will carboxylic acid, RCOOH, be present in an aqueous solution with pH greater than 7.0?

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily as RCOOH(aq) 
B)  primarily as RCOO− (aq) 
C)  equal amounts of RCOOH(aq) and RCOO− (aq) 
D)  neither RCOOH(aq) nor RCOO− (aq) 
A)  primarily as RCOOH(aq) 
B)  primarily as RCOO− (aq) 
C)  equal amounts of RCOOH(aq) and RCOO− (aq) 
D)  neither RCOOH(aq) nor RCOO− (aq)

Question 20

Which of the following is a detergent molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate 
B)  sodium silicate 
C)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
D)  none of these 
A)  sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate 
B)  sodium silicate 
C)  sodium perborate tetrahydrate 
D)  none of these

Exam 17: Carboxylic Acids

Examine the following figure. What does the image represent?

Which of the intermediates shown below is generated during the following reaction?

Identify the fatty acid denoted by 20:0.

How is 3-cyclopentene-carboxylic acid converted to 4-hydroxymethyl-cyclopentene?

What will be the organic product obtained from the following reaction?

Identify the difference between oxalic acid and malonic acid.

GABA is the abbreviation for the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid. Which of the following is the structure of GABA?

What happens when oil is added to a soap solution?

Which of the following is correct about the solubilities of propanoic acid and propanal in water?

Which of the following correctly describes the reagent(s) used to manufacture a detergent from a linear alkylbenzene precursor?

Identify the acid that is primarily responsible for the sour taste of pickles and sauerkraut.

Identify the catalyst used in the Fischer esterification reaction.

What is formed by the reaction of benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide?

Which of the following statements describes the characteristic of the product obtained when the given compound reacts with NaOH?

Which of the following is a major component of kidney stones?

Why do saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than cis-unsaturated fatty acids of comparable molecular weight.

The reactions of a carboxylic acid with which of the following reagents produces a gas?

Which of the following must be present in a carboxylic acid?

In which form will carboxylic acid, RCOOH, be present in an aqueous solution with pH greater than 7.0?

Which of the following is a detergent molecule?

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