Question 1

Examine the following structure.   Which of the following correctly characterizes this structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  trans isomer 
B)  saturated fatty acid 
C)  designated as 18:3 
D)  high melting point 
E)  none of these 
A)  trans isomer 
B)  saturated fatty acid 
C)  designated as 18:3 
D)  high melting point 
E)  none of these

Question 2

Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  C 
C)  B 
D)  none of these 
A)  A 
B)  C 
C)  B 
D)  none of these

Question 3

In what form will a carboxylic acid be present in a solution of pH less than 2.0?

Accepted Answer

A)  predominantly as RCOO− 
B)  predominantly as RCOOH 
C)  equal amounts of RCOOH and RCOO− 
D)  predominantly as RCO− 
A)  predominantly as RCOO− 
B)  predominantly as RCOOH 
C)  equal amounts of RCOOH and RCOO− 
D)  predominantly as RCO−

Question 4

Which of the following is true of linolenic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has two double bonds. 
B)  It has four double bonds. 
C)  It has five double bonds. 
D)  It has three double bonds. 
A)  It has two double bonds. 
B)  It has four double bonds. 
C)  It has five double bonds. 
D)  It has three double bonds.

Question 5

Identify the structure of decanoic acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  CH3-(CH2)4-COOH 
B)  CH3-(CH2)6-COOH 
C)  CH3-(CH2)8-COOH 
D)  CH3-(CH2)10-COOH 
A)  CH3-(CH2)4-COOH 
B)  CH3-(CH2)6-COOH 
C)  CH3-(CH2)8-COOH 
D)  CH3-(CH2)10-COOH

Question 6

Consider a mixture of benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid that is subjected to the procedure shown in the flowchart.   Which of the following describes the fate of benzyl alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will be recovered as 1: a sodium salt. 
B)  It will be recovered as 1: a neutral compound. 
C)  It will be recovered as 2: a sodium salt. 
D)  It will be recovered as 2: a neutral compound. 
A)  It will be recovered as 1: a sodium salt. 
B)  It will be recovered as 1: a neutral compound. 
C)  It will be recovered as 2: a sodium salt. 
D)  It will be recovered as 2: a neutral compound.

Question 7

Which of the following acids is a component of the venom injected by stinging ants?

Accepted Answer

A)  butyric acid 
B)  acetic acid 
C)  formic acid 
D)  stearic acid 
A)  butyric acid 
B)  acetic acid 
C)  formic acid 
D)  stearic acid

Question 8

In the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, when will the pH be equal to the pKa?

Accepted Answer

A)  when [A−] = 0.5 × [HA] 
B)  when [A−] = 1 × [HA] 
C)  when [HA]= 3 × [A−] 
D)  when [A−] = 2 × [HA] 
A)  when [A−] = 0.5 × [HA] 
B)  when [A−] = 1 × [HA] 
C)  when [HA]= 3 × [A−] 
D)  when [A−] = 2 × [HA]

Question 9

Which is the correct IUPAC name of the carboxylic acid that contains three carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  2-methylpropanoic acid 
B)  propanoic acid 
C)  2-propionic acid 
D)  ethanedioic acid 
A)  2-methylpropanoic acid 
B)  propanoic acid 
C)  2-propionic acid 
D)  ethanedioic acid

Question 10

Which of the following statements best compares the boiling points of carboxylic acids and other neutral organic compounds of comparable weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are significantly lower than the boiling points of the other compounds. 
B)  They are slightly lower than the boiling points of the other compounds. 
C)  They are slightly higher than the boiling points of the other compounds. 
D)  They are significantly higher than the boiling points of the other compounds. 
A)  They are significantly lower than the boiling points of the other compounds. 
B)  They are slightly lower than the boiling points of the other compounds. 
C)  They are slightly higher than the boiling points of the other compounds. 
D)  They are significantly higher than the boiling points of the other compounds.

Question 11

Which of the following 18 carbon fatty acids will have the highest melting point?

Accepted Answer

A)  oleic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  stearic acid 
A)  oleic acid 
B)  linoleic acid 
C)  linolenic acid 
D)  stearic acid

Question 12

Which of the following occurs during Fischer esterification?

Accepted Answer

A)  The -OH from the carboxylic acid and the -H from the -OH of the alcohol are eliminated as water. 
B)  The -OH from the alcohol and the -H from the -OH of the carboxylic acid are eliminated as water. 
C)  Water is eliminated entirely from the carboxylic acid. 
D)  None of these, the reaction does not produce water. 
A)  The -OH from the carboxylic acid and the -H from the -OH of the alcohol are eliminated as water. 
B)  The -OH from the alcohol and the -H from the -OH of the carboxylic acid are eliminated as water. 
C)  Water is eliminated entirely from the carboxylic acid. 
D)  None of these, the reaction does not produce water.

Question 13

Identify the nonpolar covalent bond present in ethanoic acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  C-O single bond 
B)  C-O double bond 
C)  C-H single bond 
D)  O-H single bond 
A)  C-O single bond 
B)  C-O double bond 
C)  C-H single bond 
D)  O-H single bond

Question 14

Which of the following compounds will react with sodium hydroxide to form a water-soluble product?

Accepted Answer

A)  hexanal 
B)  hexanoic acid 
C)  1-hexene 
D)  all of these compounds 
A)  hexanal 
B)  hexanoic acid 
C)  1-hexene 
D)  all of these compounds

Question 15

Which of the following classes of reagents will convert a carboxylic acid into its carboxylate salt?

Accepted Answer

A)  an oxidizing agent 
B)  a reducing agent 
C)  an acid 
D)  a base 
A)  an oxidizing agent 
B)  a reducing agent 
C)  an acid 
D)  a base

Exam 17: Carboxylic Acids

Examine the following structure. Which of the following correctly characterizes this structure?

Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?

In what form will a carboxylic acid be present in a solution of pH less than 2.0?

Which of the following is true of linolenic acid?

Identify the structure of decanoic acid.

Consider a mixture of benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid that is subjected to the procedure shown in the flowchart. Which of the following describes the fate of benzyl alcohol?

Which of the following acids is a component of the venom injected by stinging ants?

In the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, when will the pH be equal to the pKa?

Which is the correct IUPAC name of the carboxylic acid that contains three carbon atoms?

Which of the following statements best compares the boiling points of carboxylic acids and other neutral organic compounds of comparable weight?

Which of the following 18 carbon fatty acids will have the highest melting point?

Which of the following occurs during Fischer esterification?

Identify the nonpolar covalent bond present in ethanoic acid.

Which of the following compounds will react with sodium hydroxide to form a water-soluble product?

Which of the following classes of reagents will convert a carboxylic acid into its carboxylate salt?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters

In the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, when will the pH be equal to the pK_a?