Question 1

How much antibody diversity is obtained by somatic mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)  10-fold increase 
B)  1000-fold increase 
C)  106-fold increase 
D)  109-fold increase 
E)  There is no increase. 
A)  10-fold increase 
B)  1000-fold increase 
C)  106-fold increase 
D)  109-fold increase 
E)  There is no increase. C

Question 2

How do large antigens interact with antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  The region of contact between antibodies and antigens is very narrow, allowing greater specificity. 
B)  Large antigens will contact the entire antibody, including the Fc region. 
C)  All six CDRs of the antibody can make contact with a specific epitope. 
D)  A single CDR of the antibody contacts multiple epitopes of the antigen. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  The region of contact between antibodies and antigens is very narrow, allowing greater specificity. 
B)  Large antigens will contact the entire antibody, including the Fc region. 
C)  All six CDRs of the antibody can make contact with a specific epitope. 
D)  A single CDR of the antibody contacts multiple epitopes of the antigen. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. C

Question 3

Another name for an antigenic determinant is _______________.

Accepted Answer

epitope

Question 4

What type of virus is HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  retrovirus 
B)  provirus 
C)  oncovirus 
D)  enterovirus 
E)  rotavirus 
A)  retrovirus 
B)  provirus 
C)  oncovirus 
D)  enterovirus 
E)  rotavirus

Question 5

Immunoglobulin folds are a structural motif, and the amino acid sequence for this fold is commonly found in

Accepted Answer

A)  multicelled animals. 
B)  yeast. 
C)  plants. 
D)  bacteria. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  multicelled animals. 
B)  yeast. 
C)  plants. 
D)  bacteria. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

Examples of autoimmune diseases include

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple sclerosis. 
B)  insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 
C)  rheumatoid arthritis. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  multiple sclerosis. 
B)  insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 
C)  rheumatoid arthritis. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 7

Proteins necessary for binding and displaying portions of foreign proteins are encoded by the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

major hist

Question 8

What are positive and negative selection of T-cell receptors?

Accepted Answer

Positive selection removes T cells that

Question 9

How does the immune response differ for peptides bound to a class II, rather than class I, MHC protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptides bound to class II MHC proteins

Question 10

Which of the following are soluble proteins that serve to signal an invasion and bind to the foreign molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemokines 
B)  antigens 
C)  platelets 
D)  interferons 
E)  antibodies 
A)  chemokines 
B)  antigens 
C)  platelets 
D)  interferons 
E)  antibodies

Question 11

How is cyclosporin useful in medical therapy?

Accepted Answer

Cyclosporin blocks immune responses by u

Question 12

What types of bonds are present in antigen:antibody binding?

Accepted Answer

The binding involves the interaction of

Question 13

Does induced fit play a role in antigen:antibody binding?

Accepted Answer

Yes. The flexibility of the bi

Question 14

The host cell for HIV is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  immature leukocyte. 
B)  killer T cell. 
C)  helper T cell. 
D)  red blood cell. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  immature leukocyte. 
B)  killer T cell. 
C)  helper T cell. 
D)  red blood cell. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

What term describes the increase in antibody diversity due to somatic mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  immunity mutation 
B)  affinity maturation 
C)  variable domain maturation 
D)  epitope mutation 
E)  affinity recombination 
A)  immunity mutation 
B)  affinity maturation 
C)  variable domain maturation 
D)  epitope mutation 
E)  affinity recombination

Question 16

Why is it difficult to develop a vaccine for AIDS?

Accepted Answer

The HIV strains have very error-prone re

Question 17

Which antibody can cause allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM 
A)  IgA 
B)  IgD 
C)  IgE 
D)  IgG 
E)  IgM

Question 18

How are pathogens inside cells destroyed by the immune system?

Accepted Answer

The cells are destroyed by a mechanism t

Question 19

What is the significance of the J region of the $\kappa$ light-chain locus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multiple J sites contribute to antibody diversity. 
B)  It provides a unique joining site for J and V genes, which is always the same. 
C)  It provides numerous sites for linkage to the V genes. 
D)  A and B are both correct. 
E)  A and C are both correct. 
A)  Multiple J sites contribute to antibody diversity. 
B)  It provides a unique joining site for J and V genes, which is always the same. 
C)  It provides numerous sites for linkage to the V genes. 
D)  A and B are both correct. 
E)  A and C are both correct.

Question 20

Diversity in variable regions of L and H chains is generated by

Accepted Answer

A)  selective proteolysis of pre-immunoglobulin proteins. 
B)  synthesis of multiple transcripts in each lymphocyte. 
C)  the splicing together of several V genes within the pre-mRNA. 
D)  gene rearrangement during cell differentiation. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  selective proteolysis of pre-immunoglobulin proteins. 
B)  synthesis of multiple transcripts in each lymphocyte. 
C)  the splicing together of several V genes within the pre-mRNA. 
D)  gene rearrangement during cell differentiation. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Exam 34: The Immune System

How much antibody diversity is obtained by somatic mutations?

How do large antigens interact with antibodies?

Another name for an antigenic determinant is _______________.

What type of virus is HIV?

Immunoglobulin folds are a structural motif, and the amino acid sequence for this fold is commonly found in

Examples of autoimmune diseases include

Proteins necessary for binding and displaying portions of foreign proteins are encoded by the ____________________.

What are positive and negative selection of T-cell receptors?

How does the immune response differ for peptides bound to a class II, rather than class I, MHC protein?

Which of the following are soluble proteins that serve to signal an invasion and bind to the foreign molecules?

How is cyclosporin useful in medical therapy?

What types of bonds are present in antigen:antibody binding?

Does induced fit play a role in antigen:antibody binding?

The host cell for HIV is a(n)

What term describes the increase in antibody diversity due to somatic mutation?

Why is it difficult to develop a vaccine for AIDS?

Which antibody can cause allergic reactions?

How are pathogens inside cells destroyed by the immune system?

What is the significance of the J region of the κ\kappaκ light-chain locus?

Diversity in variable regions of L and H chains is generated by

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What is the significance of the J region of the $\kappa$ light-chain locus?