Question 1

The existence of stable cell types is due to differences in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the genome 
B)  the epigenome 
C)  histone acetylase activity 
D)  transposable elements 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  the genome 
B)  the epigenome 
C)  histone acetylase activity 
D)  transposable elements 
E)  None of the answers is correct. B

Question 2

Which of the following causes a decrease in transferrin receptor levels and an increase in ferritin levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  magnesium 
B)  calcium 
C)  iron 
D)  potassium 
E)  manganese 
A)  magnesium 
B)  calcium 
C)  iron 
D)  potassium 
E)  manganese C

Question 3

The ______________ histone seals off the nucleosome at the location at which the linker DNA enters and leaves.

Accepted Answer

H1

Question 4

Describe the arrangement of histones and associated DNA in a nucleosome.

Accepted Answer

Two copies of each of the four histone p

Question 5

Describe the regulatory activity of microRNAs.

Accepted Answer

MicroRNAs, or miRNAs, are regulatory RNA

Question 6

Describe the functions of the two domains of a typical eukaryotic transcription factor.

Accepted Answer

The DNA-binding domain identifies and bi

Question 7

Give examples of epigenomic changes resulting in different cell types.

Accepted Answer

Changes in the epigenome of a

Question 8

What is the function of mediator in regulating transcription?

Accepted Answer

The activation domains of tran

Question 9

What are the requirements for binding of the bromodomain to the transcriptional machinery?

Accepted Answer

The bromodomain is also known as the ace

Question 10

Ferritin mRNA includes a 5′ stem-loop structure and binds a(n) _______________, which blocks the initiation of translation under low iron conditions.

Accepted Answer

IRE-bindin

Question 11

Regions that contain far more methylated cytosine than others are called

Accepted Answer

A)  hypersensitive regions. 
B)  CpG islands. 
C)  TpG mutation sites. 
D)  hypermethylation regions. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  hypersensitive regions. 
B)  CpG islands. 
C)  TpG mutation sites. 
D)  hypermethylation regions. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 12

What is the complex of DNA and associated proteins in the eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosome 
B)  chromatid 
C)  chromatin 
D)  karyotype 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  chromosome 
B)  chromatid 
C)  chromatin 
D)  karyotype 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 13

How do coactivators mediate expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking RNA polymerase binding 
B)  modifying chromatin structure 
C)  inhibiting intron splicing 
D)  binding to enhancers 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  blocking RNA polymerase binding 
B)  modifying chromatin structure 
C)  inhibiting intron splicing 
D)  binding to enhancers 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

What is the complex of protein subunits that acts as a bridge between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II?

Accepted Answer

A)  coactivator 
B)  repressor 
C)  attenuator 
D)  mediator 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  coactivator 
B)  repressor 
C)  attenuator 
D)  mediator 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

What enzyme has a role in repression of eukaryotic gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  histone methylase 
B)  histone demethylase 
C)  histone acetylase 
D)  histone deacetylase 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  histone methylase 
B)  histone demethylase 
C)  histone acetylase 
D)  histone deacetylase 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 16

What is meant by combinatorial control of transcription in eukaryotes, and what is the advantage to this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

The basal transcription initiates transc

Question 17

Seventy percent of the cytosines in human DNA are modified by methylation specifically in _______________ sequences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Seventy percent of the cytosines in human...

Question 18

Bromodomains are part of complexes which

Accepted Answer

A)  bind proteins. 
B)  remodel chromatin. 
C)  alter ribosome binding. 
D)  remodel chromatin and alter ribosome binding. 
E)  All the answers are correct. 
A)  bind proteins. 
B)  remodel chromatin. 
C)  alter ribosome binding. 
D)  remodel chromatin and alter ribosome binding. 
E)  All the answers are correct.

Question 19

Enhancer sites are often located

Accepted Answer

A)  near the poly(
A)  tail site. 
B)  within introns. 
C)  at a distance from the transcription start site. 
D)  immediately adjacent to the promoter. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  near the poly(
A)  tail site. 
B)  within introns. 
C)  at a distance from the transcription start site. 
D)  immediately adjacent to the promoter. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 20

Although there are many differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression, in what significant way due to the common structure of DNA are they similar?

Accepted Answer

Specific DNA sequences are rec

Exam 32: The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The existence of stable cell types is due to differences in _____.

Which of the following causes a decrease in transferrin receptor levels and an increase in ferritin levels?

The ______________ histone seals off the nucleosome at the location at which the linker DNA enters and leaves.

Describe the arrangement of histones and associated DNA in a nucleosome.

Describe the regulatory activity of microRNAs.

Describe the functions of the two domains of a typical eukaryotic transcription factor.

Give examples of epigenomic changes resulting in different cell types.

What is the function of mediator in regulating transcription?

What are the requirements for binding of the bromodomain to the transcriptional machinery?

Ferritin mRNA includes a 5′ stem-loop structure and binds a(n) _______________, which blocks the initiation of translation under low iron conditions.

Regions that contain far more methylated cytosine than others are called

What is the complex of DNA and associated proteins in the eukaryotic cell?

How do coactivators mediate expression?

What is the complex of protein subunits that acts as a bridge between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II?

What enzyme has a role in repression of eukaryotic gene expression?

What is meant by combinatorial control of transcription in eukaryotes, and what is the advantage to this mechanism?

Seventy percent of the cytosines in human DNA are modified by methylation specifically in _______________ sequences.

Bromodomains are part of complexes which

Enhancer sites are often located

Although there are many differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression, in what significant way due to the common structure of DNA are they similar?

Biochemistry: an Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

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