Question 1

The simplest carbohydrates are the 3-carbon molecules:

Accepted Answer

A)  d- and l-glyceraldehyde. 
B)  dihydroxyacetone and d- and l-glyceraldehyde. 
C)  dihydroxyacetone and glycerate. 
D)  dihydroxyacetone and glycerol 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  d- and l-glyceraldehyde. 
B)  dihydroxyacetone and d- and l-glyceraldehyde. 
C)  dihydroxyacetone and glycerate. 
D)  dihydroxyacetone and glycerol 
E)  None of the answers is correct. B

Question 2

Plant starch is composed of amylose, a linear polymer of glucose, and a branched polymer of glucose referred to as _______________.

Accepted Answer

amylopectin

Question 3

What are lectins?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins that bind the carbohydrates on glycoproteins and other macromolecules 
B)  proteins that promote cell-cell interaction 
C)  proteins found in animals, plants, and microorganisms 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  proteins that bind the carbohydrates on glycoproteins and other macromolecules 
B)  proteins that promote cell-cell interaction 
C)  proteins found in animals, plants, and microorganisms 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. D

Question 4

Sugars are commonly linked to which amino acid residues in glycoproteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  tyrosine and asparagine 
B)  serine, threonine, and asparagine 
C)  serine, tyrosine, and asparagine 
D)  serine and glutamine 
E)  threonine and glutamine 
A)  tyrosine and asparagine 
B)  serine, threonine, and asparagine 
C)  serine, tyrosine, and asparagine 
D)  serine and glutamine 
E)  threonine and glutamine

Question 5

Which of the following are proteins that bind to specific carbohydrate structures in order to facilitate recognition between proteins and cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  mucoproteins 
B)  glycosaminoglycans 
C)  glycoproteins 
D)  lectins 
E)  proteoglycans 
A)  mucoproteins 
B)  glycosaminoglycans 
C)  glycoproteins 
D)  lectins 
E)  proteoglycans

Question 6

Which of the following explains how some viruses gain entry into specific cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  by attaching to ion channels 
B)  by cleaving the glycosidic bonds of cell surface glycoproteins and altering protein shapes 
C)  by binding to glycoproteins on the cell surface that are unique to specific cells 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  by attaching to ion channels 
B)  by cleaving the glycosidic bonds of cell surface glycoproteins and altering protein shapes 
C)  by binding to glycoproteins on the cell surface that are unique to specific cells 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 7

What is the advantage of having different blood types within a species?

Accepted Answer

Variations are protective because differ

Question 8

Fehling's solution is used to differentiate between reducing and nonreducing sugars. Which type of ion in Fehling's solution allows for this differentiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  cupric 
B)  sodium 
C)  iodide 
D)  hydroxide 
E)  bicarbonate 
A)  cupric 
B)  sodium 
C)  iodide 
D)  hydroxide 
E)  bicarbonate

Question 9

Glycoform refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a single protein type that can have forms that differ only in their glycosylation. 
B)  glycoproteins from the same gene family. 
C)  a common core of sugars that can be found on many different proteins. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  a single protein type that can have forms that differ only in their glycosylation. 
B)  glycoproteins from the same gene family. 
C)  a common core of sugars that can be found on many different proteins. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

What is the difference between an enantiomer and a diastereoisomer? Give examples.

Accepted Answer

An enantiomer is a stereoisomer that is

Question 11

A given protein with several potential glycosylation sites can have many different glycosylated structures called ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A given protein with several potential glycosylation...

Question 12

Inhibitors against which viral enzyme have potential as anti-influenza agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calnexin 
B)  Neuraminidase 
C)  Selectin 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  Calnexin 
B)  Neuraminidase 
C)  Selectin 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 13

Draw the structure of lactose. Identify the monosaccharides involved, and identify the type of linkage in lactose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structure of lactose. Identify the...

Question 14

Describe some of the functions of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans.

Accepted Answer

They function as lubricants, a

Question 15

Which of the following terms describes a class of compounds with the molecular formula (CH2O)n?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteoglycans 
B)  glycogen 
C)  mucoproteins 
D)  polysaccharides 
E)  monosaccharides 
A)  proteoglycans 
B)  glycogen 
C)  mucoproteins 
D)  polysaccharides 
E)  monosaccharides

Question 16

How does a genetic mutation account for some of the different human blood types?

Accepted Answer

Blood type is determined by specific gly

Question 17

Selectins are proteins that

Accepted Answer

A)  selectively bind proteins destined for lysozomes. 
B)  aid in selection of proteins bound for the Golgi complex. 
C)  bind immune-system cells as part of the inflammatory response. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  selectively bind proteins destined for lysozomes. 
B)  aid in selection of proteins bound for the Golgi complex. 
C)  bind immune-system cells as part of the inflammatory response. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 18

Which of the following is the storage form of glucose in animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen 
B)  amylose 
C)  amylopectin 
D)  cellulose 
E)  chitin 
A)  glycogen 
B)  amylose 
C)  amylopectin 
D)  cellulose 
E)  chitin

Question 19

Fructose can cyclize to (a)

Accepted Answer

A)  pyranose ring. 
B)  furanose ring. 
C)  both pyranose and furanose ring forms. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  pyranose ring. 
B)  furanose ring. 
C)  both pyranose and furanose ring forms. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 20

A _______________ is a stereoisomer that is not a mirror image.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _______________ is a stereoisomer that is...

Exam 11: Carbohydrates

The simplest carbohydrates are the 3-carbon molecules:

Plant starch is composed of amylose, a linear polymer of glucose, and a branched polymer of glucose referred to as _______________.

What are lectins?

Sugars are commonly linked to which amino acid residues in glycoproteins?

Which of the following are proteins that bind to specific carbohydrate structures in order to facilitate recognition between proteins and cells?

Which of the following explains how some viruses gain entry into specific cells?

What is the advantage of having different blood types within a species?

Fehling's solution is used to differentiate between reducing and nonreducing sugars. Which type of ion in Fehling's solution allows for this differentiation?

Glycoform refers to

What is the difference between an enantiomer and a diastereoisomer? Give examples.

A given protein with several potential glycosylation sites can have many different glycosylated structures called ________________.

Inhibitors against which viral enzyme have potential as anti-influenza agents?

Draw the structure of lactose. Identify the monosaccharides involved, and identify the type of linkage in lactose.

Describe some of the functions of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans.

Which of the following terms describes a class of compounds with the molecular formula (CH2O)n?

How does a genetic mutation account for some of the different human blood types?

Selectins are proteins that

Which of the following is the storage form of glucose in animals?

Fructose can cyclize to (a)

A _______________ is a stereoisomer that is not a mirror image.

Biochemistry: an Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

Filters

Which of the following terms describes a class of compounds with the molecular formula (CH₂O)_n?