Question 1

Which of the following is the product from the complete oxidation of carbon-containing fuels under fully aerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen 
B)  carbon monoxide 
C)  acetyl CoA 
D)  pyruvate 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  oxygen 
B)  carbon monoxide 
C)  acetyl CoA 
D)  pyruvate 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 2

Which coenzymes contain adenosine phosphate units?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  FADH2 
C)  coenzyme A 
D)  NADPH 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  NADH 
B)  FADH2 
C)  coenzyme A 
D)  NADPH 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 3

An example of an isomerization reaction would be

Accepted Answer

A)  the conversion of succinate to fumarate using FAD. 
B)  the addition of carbon dioxide to pyruvate to form oxaloacetate. 
C)  the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. 
D)  the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  the conversion of succinate to fumarate using FAD. 
B)  the addition of carbon dioxide to pyruvate to form oxaloacetate. 
C)  the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. 
D)  the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 4

An acetyl group can be attached to coenzyme A by a _______________ bond.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An acetyl group can be attached to...

Question 5

Explain how a metabolic pathway can contain an energetically unfavorable reaction yet still occur.

Accepted Answer

The free-energy changes of the individua

Question 6

That ATP has a high phosphoryl-transfer potential means that it is thermodynamically ____________ for ATP to transfer its terminal phosphoryl group to water.

Accepted Answer

The answer of That ATP has a high phosphoryl-transfer potential...

Question 7

Why is ATP frequently bound to magnesium or manganese ions?

Accepted Answer

These divalent ions

Question 8

Which of the following is the term for small organic compounds that are components of coenzymes and are thus often required in the diets of higher organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  cofactor 
B)  metabolite 
C)  vitamin 
D)  metabolic intermediate 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  cofactor 
B)  metabolite 
C)  vitamin 
D)  metabolic intermediate 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 9

Which of the following is the electron donor used for reductive biosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  NADPH 
C)  FADH2 
D)  CoA 
E)  ATP 
A)  NADH 
B)  NADPH 
C)  FADH2 
D)  CoA 
E)  ATP

Question 10

Which of the following molecules has a higher phosphoryl-transfer potential than ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  pyrophosphate 
B)  creatine phosphate 
C)  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate 
D)  glucose-1-phosphate 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  pyrophosphate 
B)  creatine phosphate 
C)  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate 
D)  glucose-1-phosphate 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 11

Which of the metabolic chemical reactions is most commonly used to break down foodstuffs?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis reactions

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of an oxidation reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)  Ala-Ser + H2O → Ala + Ser 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)  Ala-Ser + H2O → Ala + Ser 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 13

In vertebrate muscle, _________________ serves as a reservoir of high-potential phosphoryl groups that can be readily transferred to ADP to regenerate ATP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In vertebrate muscle, _________________ serves as a...

Question 14

Draw the structure of ATP and identify the phosphoanhydride bond(s).

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& An example can be f

Question 15

Which of the following is a 2-electron oxidizing agent used in catabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD+ 
B)  FADH2 
C)  Riboflavin 
D)  NADPH 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  NAD+ 
B)  FADH2 
C)  Riboflavin 
D)  NADPH 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 16

What type of organism uses energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotrophs 
B)  phototrophs 
C)  heterotrophs 
D)  autotrophs 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  chemotrophs 
B)  phototrophs 
C)  heterotrophs 
D)  autotrophs 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

In the cell, the hydrolysis of an ATP molecule in a coupled reaction changes the equilibrium ratio of _________ to _________ by a factor of 108.

Accepted Answer

Question 18

What vitamin is used to make the electron carrier NADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  riboflavin 
B)  niacin 
C)  folate 
D)  biotin 
E)  thiamine 
A)  riboflavin 
B)  niacin 
C)  folate 
D)  biotin 
E)  thiamine

Question 19

Which of the following cellular processes require energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  performance of mechanical work 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  degradation of biomolecules 
D)  active transport 
E)  performance of mechanical work and active transport 
A)  performance of mechanical work 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  degradation of biomolecules 
D)  active transport 
E)  performance of mechanical work and active transport

Question 20

Which of the following is a mechanism by which enzyme catalytic activity is controlled?

Accepted Answer

A)  allosteric control 
B)  feedback inhibition 
C)  covalent modification 
D)  allosteric control and covalent modification 
E)  All the answers are correct. 
A)  allosteric control 
B)  feedback inhibition 
C)  covalent modification 
D)  allosteric control and covalent modification 
E)  All the answers are correct.

Exam 15: Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Which of the following is the product from the complete oxidation of carbon-containing fuels under fully aerobic conditions?

Which coenzymes contain adenosine phosphate units?

An example of an isomerization reaction would be

An acetyl group can be attached to coenzyme A by a _______________ bond.

Explain how a metabolic pathway can contain an energetically unfavorable reaction yet still occur.

That ATP has a high phosphoryl-transfer potential means that it is thermodynamically ____________ for ATP to transfer its terminal phosphoryl group to water.

Why is ATP frequently bound to magnesium or manganese ions?

Which of the following is the term for small organic compounds that are components of coenzymes and are thus often required in the diets of higher organisms?

Which of the following is the electron donor used for reductive biosynthesis?

Which of the following molecules has a higher phosphoryl-transfer potential than ATP?

Which of the metabolic chemical reactions is most commonly used to break down foodstuffs?

Which of the following is an example of an oxidation reaction?

In vertebrate muscle, _________________ serves as a reservoir of high-potential phosphoryl groups that can be readily transferred to ADP to regenerate ATP.

Draw the structure of ATP and identify the phosphoanhydride bond(s).

Which of the following is a 2-electron oxidizing agent used in catabolic pathways?

What type of organism uses energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy?

In the cell, the hydrolysis of an ATP molecule in a coupled reaction changes the equilibrium ratio of _________ to _________ by a factor of 108.

What vitamin is used to make the electron carrier NADH?

Which of the following cellular processes require energy?

Which of the following is a mechanism by which enzyme catalytic activity is controlled?

Biochemistry: an Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

Filters

In the cell, the hydrolysis of an ATP molecule in a coupled reaction changes the equilibrium ratio of _ to _ by a factor of 10⁸.