Exam 6: Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

What evidence exists for a duplication event that led to the $\alpha$ and $\beta$ -hemoglobin?

Protein sequence comparisons can provide estimates of

In addition to examining the base sequence, what other features of RNA are useful in determining evolutionary patterns?

The process by which very different evolutionary pathways lead totwo proteins with similar functions is referred to as _________________ evolution.

___________________ can be detected in proteins by attempting to align a given sequence with itself, internally.

If using protein structure is a better method to determine evolutionary relationships, why is most analysis done using DNA sequences?

An amino acid substitution to another of similar size and charge is called a _____ substitution.

What does an open reading frame encode?