Question 1

What refers to the situation in which the binding of a substrate to the enzyme causes a change in the enzyme's shape, facilitating an enzyme's function?

Accepted Answer

A)  active site 
B)  cofactor 
C)  induced fit 
D)  activation energy 
E)  allosteric inhibition 
A)  active site 
B)  cofactor 
C)  induced fit 
D)  activation energy 
E)  allosteric inhibition

Question 2

Most vitamins are coenzymes . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which best describes a catabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves the expenditure of energy. 
B)  It involves the anabolic production of complex molecules. 
C)  It involves the breakdown of life sustaining processes within cells. 
D)  It involves the breakdown of large organic molecules to simple building blocks. 
E)  It involves the building up of complex organic molecules from simple building blocks. 
A)  It involves the expenditure of energy. 
B)  It involves the anabolic production of complex molecules. 
C)  It involves the breakdown of life sustaining processes within cells. 
D)  It involves the breakdown of large organic molecules to simple building blocks. 
E)  It involves the building up of complex organic molecules from simple building blocks.

Question 4

What would happen if you were to increase the temperature in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rate of reaction will not change. 
B)  The rate of reaction will increase and then level off. 
C)  The rate of reaction will decrease and then level off. 
D)  The rate of reaction will increase and then decrease rapidly. 
E)  The rate of reaction will decrease and then increase rapidly. 
A)  The rate of reaction will not change. 
B)  The rate of reaction will increase and then level off. 
C)  The rate of reaction will decrease and then level off. 
D)  The rate of reaction will increase and then decrease rapidly. 
E)  The rate of reaction will decrease and then increase rapidly.

Question 5

Which chemical process occurs in which a substance loses electrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  entropy 
B)  enthalpy 
C)  oxidation 
D)  reduction 
E)  anabolism 
A)  entropy 
B)  enthalpy 
C)  oxidation 
D)  reduction 
E)  anabolism

Question 6

In a reaction in which the rate of the reverse reaction is equal to the rate of the forward reaction, a state of ____ is attained.

Accepted Answer

A)  total entropy 
B)  enthalpy 
C)  thermodynamics 
D)  dynamic equilibrium 
E)  product reversibility 
A)  total entropy 
B)  enthalpy 
C)  thermodynamics 
D)  dynamic equilibrium 
E)  product reversibility

Question 7

ATP is a type of nucleotide . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which best describes the energy of activation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A type of exergonic reaction 
B)  A type of endergonic reaction 
C)  The energy required to break existing bonds 
D)  The catalysts needed to raise a reaction's rate 
E)  The enzymes required to lower a reaction's rate 
A)  A type of exergonic reaction 
B)  A type of endergonic reaction 
C)  The energy required to break existing bonds 
D)  The catalysts needed to raise a reaction's rate 
E)  The enzymes required to lower a reaction's rate

Question 9

Many bacterial infections are treated with drugs, such as penicillin and sulpha drugs, that ____ the bacterium's enzyme activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit 
B)  promote 
C)  decrease 
D)  stabilize 
E)  accentuate 
A)  inhibit 
B)  promote 
C)  decrease 
D)  stabilize 
E)  accentuate

Question 10

The equation, G = H − TS , predicts that:

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolism decreases proportionately to anabolism. 
B)  metabolism increases proportionately to catabolism. 
C)  as enthalpy decreases, the amount of entropy also decreases. 
D)  as entropy increases, the amount of free energy decreases. 
E)  as enthalpy increases, the amount of free energy increases. 
A)  metabolism decreases proportionately to anabolism. 
B)  metabolism increases proportionately to catabolism. 
C)  as enthalpy decreases, the amount of entropy also decreases. 
D)  as entropy increases, the amount of free energy decreases. 
E)  as enthalpy increases, the amount of free energy increases.

Question 11

Chemical energy is a form of kinetic energy. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Every type of chemical bond contains a certain amount of energy. The total bond energy, which is essentially equivalent to the total potential energy of the system, is a quantity known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  entropy. 
B)  enthalpy. 
C)  free energy. 
D)  kinetic energy. 
E)  thermodynamic energy. 
A)  entropy. 
B)  enthalpy. 
C)  free energy. 
D)  kinetic energy. 
E)  thermodynamic energy.

Question 13

You are out cycling and start to climb a hill. As you crest the hill, just before cycling down, what energy have you stored?

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetic energy 
B)  thermal energy 
C)  chemical energy 
D)  electrical energy 
E)  potential energy 
A)  kinetic energy 
B)  thermal energy 
C)  chemical energy 
D)  electrical energy 
E)  potential energy

Question 14

Which of the following is a hydrogen ion acceptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  ADP 
C)  FAD 
D)  FADH 
E)  NADPH 
A)  ATP 
B)  ADP 
C)  FAD 
D)  FADH 
E)  NADPH

Question 15

Living cells maintain biochemical reactions far from equilibrium conditions. They do this by constantly manipulating the concentrations of reactants and products. Why is it important that a state far from equilibrium be maintained?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Cells at

Question 16

What form of energy is stored within the molecules of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetic 
B)  heat 
C)  potential 
D)  nuclear 
E)  light 
A)  kinetic 
B)  heat 
C)  potential 
D)  nuclear 
E)  light

Question 17

The reaction ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi is classified as an:

Accepted Answer

A)  endergonic reaction. 
B)  enthalpy reaction. 
C)  entropy reaction. 
D)  exergonic reaction. 
E)  electrochemical reaction. 
A)  endergonic reaction. 
B)  enthalpy reaction. 
C)  entropy reaction. 
D)  exergonic reaction. 
E)  electrochemical reaction.

Question 18

Identify which compound has been reduced: XH2 + NAD+ → X + NADH + H+.

Accepted Answer

A)  XH2 
B)  NAD+ 
C)  X 
D)  NADH 
E)  H+ 
A)  XH2 
B)  NAD+ 
C)  X 
D)  NADH 
E)  H+

Question 19

Explain the process of feedback inhibition. What role do allosteric regulators play in this process?

Accepted Answer

In feedback inhibition, the product of a

Question 20

Figure 7-2   Refer to the accompanying figure. The line on the graph labeled B represents the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  change in entropy 
B)  change in enthalpy 
C)  free energy of the reactants 
D)  activation energy with an enzyme 
E)  activation energy without an enzyme 
A)  change in entropy 
B)  change in enthalpy 
C)  free energy of the reactants 
D)  activation energy with an enzyme 
E)  activation energy without an enzyme

Exam 7: Energy and Metabolism

What refers to the situation in which the binding of a substrate to the enzyme causes a change in the enzyme's shape, facilitating an enzyme's function?

Most vitamins are coenzymes . __________________

Which best describes a catabolic reaction?

What would happen if you were to increase the temperature in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Which chemical process occurs in which a substance loses electrons?

In a reaction in which the rate of the reverse reaction is equal to the rate of the forward reaction, a state of ____ is attained.

ATP is a type of nucleotide . __________________

Which best describes the energy of activation?

Many bacterial infections are treated with drugs, such as penicillin and sulpha drugs, that ____ the bacterium's enzyme activity.

The equation, G = H − TS , predicts that:

Chemical energy is a form of kinetic energy. __________________

Every type of chemical bond contains a certain amount of energy. The total bond energy, which is essentially equivalent to the total potential energy of the system, is a quantity known as:

You are out cycling and start to climb a hill. As you crest the hill, just before cycling down, what energy have you stored?

Which of the following is a hydrogen ion acceptor?

Living cells maintain biochemical reactions far from equilibrium conditions. They do this by constantly manipulating the concentrations of reactants and products. Why is it important that a state far from equilibrium be maintained?

What form of energy is stored within the molecules of ATP?

The reaction ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi is classified as an:

Identify which compound has been reduced: XH2 + NAD+ → X + NADH + H+.

Explain the process of feedback inhibition. What role do allosteric regulators play in this process?

Figure 7-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. The line on the graph labeled B represents the ____.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

The reaction ATP + H₂O → ADP + P_i is classified as an:

Identify which compound has been reduced: XH₂ + NAD⁺ → X + NADH + H⁺.