Question 1

Marquis thinks there are no counterexamples to the standard antiabortionist argument.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to Mencius, focusing on profit is counterproductive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Why, according to McMahan, should ticking bomb scenarios not be seen as providing a "lesser evil" justification for torture? Explain in your own words the principal problem McMahan sees for such "lesser evil" justifications, generally.

Accepted Answer

According to McMahan, ticking bomb scena

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a premise in Steinbock's argument that we are justified in giving greater consideration to human interests than to those of nonhuman animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonhuman animals are not sentient in the same way humans are. 
B)  There are morally relevant differences between human beings and nonhuman animals. 
C)  There are certain capacities that humans possess which nonhuman animals lack. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  Nonhuman animals are not sentient in the same way humans are. 
B)  There are morally relevant differences between human beings and nonhuman animals. 
C)  There are certain capacities that humans possess which nonhuman animals lack. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 5

According to Kant, each of us is obligated to help those in need in at least some cases where we are able to do so.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In Akan ethics, becoming a good person involves promoting and harmonizing the interests of your society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What does it mean to offset your greenhouse gas emissions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Removing as many tons of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere as you emit into the atmosphere. 
B)  Ensuring that the greenhouse gases that you would cause to be emitted are captured and stored rather than emitted into the atmosphere. 
C)  Ensuring that for every ton of greenhouse gases you emit, a ton of greenhouse gases is either removed from the atmosphere or prevented from being emitted in the first place. 
D)  Compensating others for the harm caused by the greenhouse gases that you emit, even if you cannot be sure that the specific people you are compensating are the people harmed by your emissions in particular. 
A)  Removing as many tons of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere as you emit into the atmosphere. 
B)  Ensuring that the greenhouse gases that you would cause to be emitted are captured and stored rather than emitted into the atmosphere. 
C)  Ensuring that for every ton of greenhouse gases you emit, a ton of greenhouse gases is either removed from the atmosphere or prevented from being emitted in the first place. 
D)  Compensating others for the harm caused by the greenhouse gases that you emit, even if you cannot be sure that the specific people you are compensating are the people harmed by your emissions in particular.

Question 8

According to Bentham, calculating the total amount of pleasure and pain produced by an action requires considering the intensity, duration, certainty, closeness in time, fecundity, and purity of the pleasures and pains produced by an action, as well as their extent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In 1A1, why does Mencius advise King Hui not to "speak of profit?"

Accepted Answer

A)  Because it is undignified for a king to worry about something as petty as profit. 
B)  Because if the king values profit over righteousness, everyone else will, too, leading to bad outcomes for the king. 
C)  Because a king is supposed to respect ritual propriety, which prohibits speaking of profit. 
D)  Because if the people think the king is only interested in profiting himself, they will assassinate him. 
A)  Because it is undignified for a king to worry about something as petty as profit. 
B)  Because if the king values profit over righteousness, everyone else will, too, leading to bad outcomes for the king. 
C)  Because a king is supposed to respect ritual propriety, which prohibits speaking of profit. 
D)  Because if the people think the king is only interested in profiting himself, they will assassinate him.

Question 10

Wolf argues that the fact that a practice predictably brings on death straightforwardly determines whether that practice is acceptable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In your own words, state van den Haag's main conclusion in "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense" and summarize his main argument for that conclusion.

Accepted Answer

In "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense,"

Question 12

"Genetic humanity" is an inaccurate definition of "the moral community," as Warren uses the phrase, because:

Accepted Answer

A)  It includes too many features that human fetuses lack. 
B)  It doesn't include the necessary traits that are central to the concept of personhood. 
C)  It treats the human genetic code as insufficient for personhood. 
D)  It treats the human genetic code as unnecessary for personhood. 
A)  It includes too many features that human fetuses lack. 
B)  It doesn't include the necessary traits that are central to the concept of personhood. 
C)  It treats the human genetic code as insufficient for personhood. 
D)  It treats the human genetic code as unnecessary for personhood.

Question 13

Interrogational torture is best understood as torture that is performed for the principal purpose of intimidating persons other than the torture victim.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What is happiness, according to Aristotle?

Accepted Answer

According to Aristotle, happiness is the

Question 15

Gay-Williams argues that euthanasia requires that we regard ourselves or others as less than fully human because:

Accepted Answer

A)  It leads to a dangerous slippery slope in public policy on life-and-death matters. 
B)  It is always contrary to mankind's inherent natural goal of survival. 
C)  It erroneously places some people in the category of the "hopelessly ill." 
D)  It is never in the patient's rational self-interest to give up his or her life. 
A)  It leads to a dangerous slippery slope in public policy on life-and-death matters. 
B)  It is always contrary to mankind's inherent natural goal of survival. 
C)  It erroneously places some people in the category of the "hopelessly ill." 
D)  It is never in the patient's rational self-interest to give up his or her life.

Question 16

Wolf contends that the fact that a practice predictably brings on death does not determine whether that practice is permissible. Identify a practice outside the context of medicine in which a practice predictably brings on death and yet is not forbidden. Explain why that practice is not forbidden, despite this foreseeable consequence.

Accepted Answer

One example of a practice outside the co

Question 17

What is Aristotle's argument in I.5 that the life of politics is not the best life possible for humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Political honor depends on other people's views of you, whereas happiness is something that people cannot easily take away from you. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life. 
B)  Politics is about solving problems, whereas true happiness consists in not having any problems. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life. 
C)  Being successful in politics often requires acting in ways that are not virtuous, but the happiest life is the virtuous life. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life. 
D)  Even social animals, such as dogs or sheep, have a sort of political life, whereas the happiest life for humans must be something special to humans. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life. 
A)  Political honor depends on other people's views of you, whereas happiness is something that people cannot easily take away from you. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life. 
B)  Politics is about solving problems, whereas true happiness consists in not having any problems. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life. 
C)  Being successful in politics often requires acting in ways that are not virtuous, but the happiest life is the virtuous life. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life. 
D)  Even social animals, such as dogs or sheep, have a sort of political life, whereas the happiest life for humans must be something special to humans. Therefore, the political life cannot be the happiest life.

Question 18

What role should sympathy play in moral deliberation, according to Collins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sympathy and principled reasoning should play an equal role in moral deliberation, depending on the circumstances. 
B)  Principles should guide our deliberation at a general level, with sympathy being used when taking details of the circumstances into account. 
C)  Sympathy should play no role in moral deliberation because only moral actions motivated by principled reasoning have true moral worth. 
D)  Sympathy should play a guiding role in moral deliberation so that we can effectively recognize others' needs and take responsibility for meeting them. 
A)  Sympathy and principled reasoning should play an equal role in moral deliberation, depending on the circumstances. 
B)  Principles should guide our deliberation at a general level, with sympathy being used when taking details of the circumstances into account. 
C)  Sympathy should play no role in moral deliberation because only moral actions motivated by principled reasoning have true moral worth. 
D)  Sympathy should play a guiding role in moral deliberation so that we can effectively recognize others' needs and take responsibility for meeting them.

Question 19

Strawser assumes that carrying out a legitimate military operation as part of a just war can sometimes achieve a good purpose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to Dershowitz, there is a significant danger that judges might abuse a system of torture warrants and issue warrants without cause.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Marquis thinks there are no counterexamples to the standard antiabortionist argument.

According to Mencius, focusing on profit is counterproductive.

Why, according to McMahan, should ticking bomb scenarios not be seen as providing a "lesser evil" justification for torture? Explain in your own words the principal problem McMahan sees for such "lesser evil" justifications, generally.

Which of the following is NOT a premise in Steinbock's argument that we are justified in giving greater consideration to human interests than to those of nonhuman animals?

According to Kant, each of us is obligated to help those in need in at least some cases where we are able to do so.

In Akan ethics, becoming a good person involves promoting and harmonizing the interests of your society.

What does it mean to offset your greenhouse gas emissions?

According to Bentham, calculating the total amount of pleasure and pain produced by an action requires considering the intensity, duration, certainty, closeness in time, fecundity, and purity of the pleasures and pains produced by an action, as well as their extent.

In 1A1, why does Mencius advise King Hui not to "speak of profit?"

Wolf argues that the fact that a practice predictably brings on death straightforwardly determines whether that practice is acceptable.

In your own words, state van den Haag's main conclusion in "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense" and summarize his main argument for that conclusion.

"Genetic humanity" is an inaccurate definition of "the moral community," as Warren uses the phrase, because:

Interrogational torture is best understood as torture that is performed for the principal purpose of intimidating persons other than the torture victim.

What is happiness, according to Aristotle?

Gay-Williams argues that euthanasia requires that we regard ourselves or others as less than fully human because:

What is Aristotle's argument in I.5 that the life of politics is not the best life possible for humans?

What role should sympathy play in moral deliberation, according to Collins?

Strawser assumes that carrying out a legitimate military operation as part of a just war can sometimes achieve a good purpose.

According to Dershowitz, there is a significant danger that judges might abuse a system of torture warrants and issue warrants without cause.

An Introduction to Arguments

Moral Arguments

Reasoning With Obligations

Reasoning About Consequences

Reasoning With Virtues and Vices

Reasoning With Principles and Counterexamples

Reasoning With Analogies

Answering Moral Questions

Skepticism, Subjectivism, and Relativism

Religion and Moral Reasoning

Normative Theories, Part 1

Normative Theories, Part 2

Filters

Exam 13: Aristotle's Ethics: Exploring Virtue and Justice

Marquis thinks there are no counterexamples to the standard antiabortionist argument.

According to Mencius, focusing on profit is counterproductive.

Why, according to McMahan, should ticking bomb scenarios not be seen as providing a "lesser evil" justification for torture? Explain in your own words the principal problem McMahan sees for such "lesser evil" justifications, generally.

Which of the following is NOT a premise in Steinbock's argument that we are justified in giving greater consideration to human interests than to those of nonhuman animals?

According to Kant, each of us is obligated to help those in need in at least some cases where we are able to do so.

In Akan ethics, becoming a good person involves promoting and harmonizing the interests of your society.

What does it mean to offset your greenhouse gas emissions?

According to Bentham, calculating the total amount of pleasure and pain produced by an action requires considering the intensity, duration, certainty, closeness in time, fecundity, and purity of the pleasures and pains produced by an action, as well as their extent.

In 1A1, why does Mencius advise King Hui not to "speak of profit?"

Wolf argues that the fact that a practice predictably brings on death straightforwardly determines whether that practice is acceptable.

In your own words, state van den Haag's main conclusion in "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense" and summarize his main argument for that conclusion.

"Genetic humanity" is an inaccurate definition of "the moral community," as Warren uses the phrase, because:

Interrogational torture is best understood as torture that is performed for the principal purpose of intimidating persons other than the torture victim.

What is happiness, according to Aristotle?

Gay-Williams argues that euthanasia requires that we regard ourselves or others as less than fully human because:

What is Aristotle's argument in I.5 that the life of politics is not the best life possible for humans?

What role should sympathy play in moral deliberation, according to Collins?

Strawser assumes that carrying out a legitimate military operation as part of a just war can sometimes achieve a good purpose.

According to Dershowitz, there is a significant danger that judges might abuse a system of torture warrants and issue warrants without cause.

An Introduction to Arguments

Moral Arguments

Reasoning With Obligations

Reasoning About Consequences

Reasoning With Virtues and Vices

Reasoning With Principles and Counterexamples

Reasoning With Analogies

Answering Moral Questions

Skepticism, Subjectivism, and Relativism

Religion and Moral Reasoning

Normative Theories, Part 1

Normative Theories, Part 2

Filters