Question 1

According to Kant, a good will is good because of what it accomplishes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following, according to Wolf, is NOT relevant to determining the permissibility of a medical practice:

Accepted Answer

A)  The underlying rights of the patient. 
B)  The patient or a surrogate's informed consent. 
C)  The underlying motives of the physician. 
D)  The likelihood of the practice's causing death. 
A)  The underlying rights of the patient. 
B)  The patient or a surrogate's informed consent. 
C)  The underlying motives of the physician. 
D)  The likelihood of the practice's causing death.

Question 3

According to Bentham, what are the only things on which we base our decisions about what to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pleasure and pain. 
B)  Rightness and goodness. 
C)  Rights and duties. 
D)  Motives and consequences. 
A)  Pleasure and pain. 
B)  Rightness and goodness. 
C)  Rights and duties. 
D)  Motives and consequences.

Question 4

How might someone object to Nell's claim that people bear some blame for the famine deaths of those living in faraway countries? Be sure to state your objection as a complete argument.

Accepted Answer

One possible objection to Nell's claim t

Question 5

According to Krakoff, why do the temporal and spatial dispersion of the effects of carbon dioxide make climate change an especially difficult challenge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because they lead to a situation in which each generation in each country has a self-interested reason to continue emitting carbon dioxide, although those emissions will harm other countries and future generations. 
B)  Because they force us to make choices about climate change without complete certainty about what the effects of our emissions will be and who will suffer from those emissions. 
C)  Because they cancel each other out from the perspective of self-interested countries, with the temporal lag giving each country a reason to stop emitting carbon dioxide but the spatial dispersion giving each country a reason to continue emitting. 
D)  Because they provide us with an excuse to claim that we are not really causing climate change, thereby undermining the motivation to respond to it. 
A)  Because they lead to a situation in which each generation in each country has a self-interested reason to continue emitting carbon dioxide, although those emissions will harm other countries and future generations. 
B)  Because they force us to make choices about climate change without complete certainty about what the effects of our emissions will be and who will suffer from those emissions. 
C)  Because they cancel each other out from the perspective of self-interested countries, with the temporal lag giving each country a reason to stop emitting carbon dioxide but the spatial dispersion giving each country a reason to continue emitting. 
D)  Because they provide us with an excuse to claim that we are not really causing climate change, thereby undermining the motivation to respond to it.

Question 6

Which of the following is among the central reasons that Dershowitz believes an institutionalized public system for issuing torture warrants would result in fewer instances of torture than currently occur "off the books"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Judges would likely require more compelling evidence before authorizing a torture warrant than is required by officials in the current "off-the-book" system. 
B)  A widely publicized program of torture would likely deter future terrorists by making them aware of the consequences of terrorist activity. 
C)  Professional torturers in a public system would likely be more effective and able extract more actionable intelligence faster. 
D)  The military and intelligence agencies would be less likely to request a torture warrant for fear of exposing classified information. 
A)  Judges would likely require more compelling evidence before authorizing a torture warrant than is required by officials in the current "off-the-book" system. 
B)  A widely publicized program of torture would likely deter future terrorists by making them aware of the consequences of terrorist activity. 
C)  Professional torturers in a public system would likely be more effective and able extract more actionable intelligence faster. 
D)  The military and intelligence agencies would be less likely to request a torture warrant for fear of exposing classified information.

Question 7

Which of the following would constitute an objection to McMahan's argument about the permissibility of torture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Torture is inherently impermissible because torture is always a violation of the victim's human dignity. 
B)  Torture is conceivably permissible in ticking bomb scenarios because the urgency of the situation might demand it. 
C)  Torture is sometimes permissible in principle because it will be the comparative lesser of two evils. 
D)  Torture should not be legally sanctioned because it degrades the humanity of the torturer. 
A)  Torture is inherently impermissible because torture is always a violation of the victim's human dignity. 
B)  Torture is conceivably permissible in ticking bomb scenarios because the urgency of the situation might demand it. 
C)  Torture is sometimes permissible in principle because it will be the comparative lesser of two evils. 
D)  Torture should not be legally sanctioned because it degrades the humanity of the torturer.

Question 8

What is the counterfactual argument from qualifications and why does Thomas reject it?

Accepted Answer

The counterfactual argument from qualifi

Question 9

Broome argues that governments should also offset their country's greenhouse gas emissions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which caring attitudes are morally important, according to Collins?

Accepted Answer

A)  All caring attitudes. 
B)  Caring attitudes toward people. 
C)  Caring attitudes that fulfill the needs of people with whom the actor has a close personal relationship. 
D)  Caring attitudes toward objects that have interests or might affect the interests of something that has interests. 
A)  All caring attitudes. 
B)  Caring attitudes toward people. 
C)  Caring attitudes that fulfill the needs of people with whom the actor has a close personal relationship. 
D)  Caring attitudes toward objects that have interests or might affect the interests of something that has interests.

Question 11

Why, according to Nell, is being involved in complex economic systems that lead to deaths not necessarily just a case of allowing others to die but also may be a case of unjustifiable killings?

Accepted Answer

According to Nell, being involved in com

Question 12

How does Dershowitz respond to the contention that a system of court-authorized torture would create a dangerous precedent for torturing terror suspects that does not exist when torture is performed on an "off-the-books" basis? State his argument in your own words.

Accepted Answer

Dershowitz responds to this contention b

Question 13

According to Mill, people are reluctant to admit that justice depends on utility because they feel much more strongly about justice than about utility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Offsetting your greenhouse gas emissions involves ensuring that for every ton of greenhouse gases you cause to be emitted, another ton of emissions is removed from the atmosphere or prevented.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Mencius compares the feelings of compassion, disdain, deference, and approval and disapproval to be the basis from which people develop the most important virtues.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Thomas rejects the role-model argument for affirmative action because he thinks women and minority faculty members would be bad role models for white male students.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

McMahan argues that there are no conceivable cases in which torture might be morally permissible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Aristotle claims that the happiest human life consists in virtuous political activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Marquis argues against the pro-choice argument by providing a thought experiment that he thinks is a counterexample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to Abbate, which of the following is NOT a condition on the traditional application of the doctrine of double effect to collateral casualties?

Accepted Answer

A)  The military objective that would cause collateral casualties must be a good and militarily legitimate objective. 
B)  Soldiers causing collateral casualties must not regard those civilian casualties as a means to achieving a military objective. 
C)  Any good achieved by military objective resulting in collateral casualties must be proportionate to the harm done. 
D)  Soldiers may allow collateral casualties to happen, but must not bring them about as a result of their actions. 
A)  The military objective that would cause collateral casualties must be a good and militarily legitimate objective. 
B)  Soldiers causing collateral casualties must not regard those civilian casualties as a means to achieving a military objective. 
C)  Any good achieved by military objective resulting in collateral casualties must be proportionate to the harm done. 
D)  Soldiers may allow collateral casualties to happen, but must not bring them about as a result of their actions.

According to Kant, a good will is good because of what it accomplishes.

Which of the following, according to Wolf, is NOT relevant to determining the permissibility of a medical practice:

According to Bentham, what are the only things on which we base our decisions about what to do?

How might someone object to Nell's claim that people bear some blame for the famine deaths of those living in faraway countries? Be sure to state your objection as a complete argument.

According to Krakoff, why do the temporal and spatial dispersion of the effects of carbon dioxide make climate change an especially difficult challenge?

Which of the following is among the central reasons that Dershowitz believes an institutionalized public system for issuing torture warrants would result in fewer instances of torture than currently occur "off the books"?

Which of the following would constitute an objection to McMahan's argument about the permissibility of torture?

What is the counterfactual argument from qualifications and why does Thomas reject it?

Broome argues that governments should also offset their country's greenhouse gas emissions.

Which caring attitudes are morally important, according to Collins?

Why, according to Nell, is being involved in complex economic systems that lead to deaths not necessarily just a case of allowing others to die but also may be a case of unjustifiable killings?

How does Dershowitz respond to the contention that a system of court-authorized torture would create a dangerous precedent for torturing terror suspects that does not exist when torture is performed on an "off-the-books" basis? State his argument in your own words.

According to Mill, people are reluctant to admit that justice depends on utility because they feel much more strongly about justice than about utility.

Offsetting your greenhouse gas emissions involves ensuring that for every ton of greenhouse gases you cause to be emitted, another ton of emissions is removed from the atmosphere or prevented.

Mencius compares the feelings of compassion, disdain, deference, and approval and disapproval to be the basis from which people develop the most important virtues.

Thomas rejects the role-model argument for affirmative action because he thinks women and minority faculty members would be bad role models for white male students.

McMahan argues that there are no conceivable cases in which torture might be morally permissible.

Aristotle claims that the happiest human life consists in virtuous political activity.

Marquis argues against the pro-choice argument by providing a thought experiment that he thinks is a counterexample.

According to Abbate, which of the following is NOT a condition on the traditional application of the doctrine of double effect to collateral casualties?

An Introduction to Arguments

Moral Arguments

Reasoning With Obligations

Reasoning About Consequences

Reasoning With Virtues and Vices

Reasoning With Principles and Counterexamples

Reasoning With Analogies

Answering Moral Questions

Skepticism, Subjectivism, and Relativism

Religion and Moral Reasoning

Normative Theories, Part 1

Normative Theories, Part 2

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Exam 13: Aristotle's Ethics: Exploring Virtue and Justice

According to Kant, a good will is good because of what it accomplishes.

Which of the following, according to Wolf, is NOT relevant to determining the permissibility of a medical practice:

According to Bentham, what are the only things on which we base our decisions about what to do?

How might someone object to Nell's claim that people bear some blame for the famine deaths of those living in faraway countries? Be sure to state your objection as a complete argument.

According to Krakoff, why do the temporal and spatial dispersion of the effects of carbon dioxide make climate change an especially difficult challenge?

Which of the following is among the central reasons that Dershowitz believes an institutionalized public system for issuing torture warrants would result in fewer instances of torture than currently occur "off the books"?

Which of the following would constitute an objection to McMahan's argument about the permissibility of torture?

What is the counterfactual argument from qualifications and why does Thomas reject it?

Broome argues that governments should also offset their country's greenhouse gas emissions.

Which caring attitudes are morally important, according to Collins?

Why, according to Nell, is being involved in complex economic systems that lead to deaths not necessarily just a case of allowing others to die but also may be a case of unjustifiable killings?

How does Dershowitz respond to the contention that a system of court-authorized torture would create a dangerous precedent for torturing terror suspects that does not exist when torture is performed on an "off-the-books" basis? State his argument in your own words.

According to Mill, people are reluctant to admit that justice depends on utility because they feel much more strongly about justice than about utility.

Offsetting your greenhouse gas emissions involves ensuring that for every ton of greenhouse gases you cause to be emitted, another ton of emissions is removed from the atmosphere or prevented.

Mencius compares the feelings of compassion, disdain, deference, and approval and disapproval to be the basis from which people develop the most important virtues.

Thomas rejects the role-model argument for affirmative action because he thinks women and minority faculty members would be bad role models for white male students.

McMahan argues that there are no conceivable cases in which torture might be morally permissible.

Aristotle claims that the happiest human life consists in virtuous political activity.

Marquis argues against the pro-choice argument by providing a thought experiment that he thinks is a counterexample.

According to Abbate, which of the following is NOT a condition on the traditional application of the doctrine of double effect to collateral casualties?

An Introduction to Arguments

Moral Arguments

Reasoning With Obligations

Reasoning About Consequences

Reasoning With Virtues and Vices

Reasoning With Principles and Counterexamples

Reasoning With Analogies

Answering Moral Questions

Skepticism, Subjectivism, and Relativism

Religion and Moral Reasoning

Normative Theories, Part 1

Normative Theories, Part 2

Filters