Exam 13: Aristotle's Ethics: Exploring Virtue and Justice

When Kant says that the categorical imperative requires us to act on maxims that we could will to become a universal law, he means that we should act only on maxims whose consequence we would accept if everyone else accepted on them, too.

Which of the following is the best example of an unjust harm, as Broome understands that idea?

How does Garcia explain the racism of southern white aristocrats and Kiplingesque paternalists?

How might Singer respond to Woollard's objection to his principle that proximity is morally relevant when determining our obligations?

Which of the following best captures Norcross's main argument for the claim that purchasing and consuming factory-raised meat is morally wrong?

According to Bentham, you can determine the rightness of an action by calculating the total balance of pleasure and pain the action would produce for each person affected and then adding the resulting values together.

Collins claims that you can only adopt a genuinely caring attitude toward a person or animal.

What role does Dershowitz's discussion of the case of the 9/11 conspirator Zacarias Moussaoui play in his argument for the establishment of a program for torture warrants?

How does Strawser respond to the objection that the use of drones will lower the threshold for going to war?

How, according to Krakoff, are the virtues exhibited by people acting to reduce climate change related to Erikson's ideas about human psychological development?

One premise in Gay-Williams's argument against euthanasia is that euthanasia leaves no room for "miraculous" recoveries that frequently occur contrary to physician expectations.

In your own words, explain Greenpeace's objection to offsetting your greenhouse gas emissions. Then, explain Broome's response to that objection.

Since Woollard argues that people still have strong reasons to help others in need and that such help might constitute reparation rather than aid, how different are Woollard and Singer's recommendations for how you should act in practice?

Liu thinks that racial looksism is morally different from simple looksism in that the former, unlike the latter, is an overgeneralization that disregards peoples' individuality and denies them the appropriate appreciation for their individual qualities.

What is Aristotle's argument for thinking that justice is its own kind of virtue, rather than just being complete virtue?

Abbate says that if there is any way for a military commander to achieve a military objective without causing collateral casualties, he or she is obligated to pursue the objective in that way.

Which of the following best captures the basic question that Steinbock is trying to answer in "Speciesism and the Idea of Equality"?

Why does Kant discuss the four examples of the person who refrains from suicide, the person who considers making a false promise to secure a loan, the person who neglects to develop any of his talents, and the person who considers whether to help others?

According to Woollard, the requirement to aid others must be restricted; otherwise, people would have to constantly use their bodies and resources to help others, which doesn't leave them to use their bodies and resources for themselves.

According to Mencius, human nature is good in the sense that everyone has the natural capacity to become good.