Exam 6: Deviance and Crime.

According to official statistics, Hispanic Americans are the most overrepresented racial minority group in arrest data.

A socioeconomically disadvantaged teenager decides that she must resort to crime in order to buy some clothes she wants. This teenager's behavior illustrates __________.

__________ refers to a violation of law or the commission of a status offense (such as cutting school or running away from home) by young people.

In the United States, a(n) __________ crime occurs, on average, once every three seconds; by contrast a(n) __________ crime occurs, on average, once every twenty- three seconds.

A minister who is opposed to war conducts a nonviolent protest at a local military installation, thus committing a trespassing violation. This person has engaged in __________.

A branch of the __________ perspective, Marxist/critical theory views deviance and crime as a result of the capitalist economic system. This theory is based on the assumption that the laws and the criminal justice system protect the power and privilege of the capitalist class.

Although there is no single feminist perspective on deviance and crime, three schools of thought have emerged. Which of the following is not one of the feminist approaches identified in the text?

People are more likely to report crime when they believe that something can be done about it (for example, apprehension of the perpetrator or retrieval of their property). Thus, the number of crimes reported to police represents only the "tip of the iceberg" when compared with all offenses actually committed.

According to criminologists George Cole and Christopher Smith, __________ refers to the greater number of programs, services, facilities, and organizations responsible for the management of people accused or convicted of criminal offenses.

Sociologist Walter Reckless suggested that many people do not resort to deviance because of __________ such as supportive family and friends, reasonable social expectations, and supervision by others.

Sociologists __________ suggested that, for deviance to occur, people must have access to illegitimate opportunity structures-circumstances that provide an opportunity for people to acquire through illegitimate activities what they cannot achieve through legitimate channels.

Explain why sociologist Emile Durkheim believed that deviance was functional for society.

Which of the following crimes occurs least frequently?

We are most familiar with __________ deviance, based on a person's intentional or inadvertent actions. For example, a person may engage in intentional deviance by drinking too much or robbing a bank, or in inadvertent deviance by losing money in a Las Vegas casino or laughing at a funeral.

Discuss the three branches of the conflict perspective's approach to deviance and crime.

The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) was developed by the Bureau of Justice Statistics as an alternate means of collecting crime statistics. The most recent (NCVS) indicates that __________ percent of all violent crimes are not reported to the police and are thus not reflected.

According to sociologist Robert Merton's strain theory, __________ occurs when people accept culturally-approved goals and pursue them through approved means.

Differentiate between occupational and corporate crime and discuss their impact on society.

During the mid-1970s, practitioners of the __________ theory maintained that women's crime rates were going to increase significantly as a result of the women's liberation movement.

Suppose that a bully comes into town and the residents band together in order to oppose the threat. This illustrates which function of deviance?