Question 1

How does a researcher demonstrate concurrent validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some prespecified association must be established between the scores on the construct being validated and the scores on a dependent variable as determined by theory. The scores of both variables are obtained at approximately the same time and should be highly correlated. 
B)  The researcher assesses whether a construct performs as expected relative to other variables indentified as meaningful criteria. 
C)  Based on theory and experience, the researcher identifies another established construct that is claimed to measure the same concept as the one being validated and obtains scores on both constructs and computes the correlation between the scores. 
D)  Based on theory and experience, the researcher identifies a construct that is claimed to be different from the concept being validated and obtains scores on both scales and computes the correlation between the scores. 
E)  The researcher randomly divides the group of scale items in half and correlates the two sets of items. 
A)  Some prespecified association must be established between the scores on the construct being validated and the scores on a dependent variable as determined by theory. The scores of both variables are obtained at approximately the same time and should be highly correlated. 
B)  The researcher assesses whether a construct performs as expected relative to other variables indentified as meaningful criteria. 
C)  Based on theory and experience, the researcher identifies another established construct that is claimed to measure the same concept as the one being validated and obtains scores on both constructs and computes the correlation between the scores. 
D)  Based on theory and experience, the researcher identifies a construct that is claimed to be different from the concept being validated and obtains scores on both scales and computes the correlation between the scores. 
E)  The researcher randomly divides the group of scale items in half and correlates the two sets of items.

Question 2

What type of scale possesses a unique origin or zero point?

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal 
B)  ordinal 
C)  interval 
D)  ratio 
E)  minimal 
A)  nominal 
B)  ordinal 
C)  interval 
D)  ratio 
E)  minimal

Question 3

All of the following are levels of measurement EXCEPT _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal 
B)  ordinal 
C)  interval 
D)  ratio 
E)  minimal 
A)  nominal 
B)  ordinal 
C)  interval 
D)  ratio 
E)  minimal

Question 4

Coefficient alpha is a measure of internal consistency validity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A(n) _____ is an abstraction or idea formed by the perception of phenomena.

Accepted Answer

A)  concept 
B)  characteristic 
C)  scale 
D)  item 
E)  thought 
A)  concept 
B)  characteristic 
C)  scale 
D)  item 
E)  thought

Question 6

The two broad types of measurement scales are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  metric and nonmetric 
B)  metric and interval 
C)  interval and nonmetric 
D)  nominal and ordinal 
E)  ratio and interval 
A)  metric and nonmetric 
B)  metric and interval 
C)  interval and nonmetric 
D)  nominal and ordinal 
E)  ratio and interval

Question 7

Explain why measurement may be difficult in business research. How do business researchers overcome these difficulties?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why measurement may be difficult in...

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a metric scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  Likert scale 
B)  rank order scale 
C)  constant sum scale 
D)  sorting scale 
E)  all of these choices 
A)  Likert scale 
B)  rank order scale 
C)  constant sum scale 
D)  sorting scale 
E)  all of these choices

Question 9

_____ scales often are referred to as quantitative.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonmetric 
B)  Metric 
C)  Nominal 
D)  Ordinal 
E)  Proxy 
A)  Nonmetric 
B)  Metric 
C)  Nominal 
D)  Ordinal 
E)  Proxy

Question 10

In practical terms, what will allow greater precision of the measurement scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  a larger number of categories 
B)  at least two items to measure each construct 
C)  an even number of response categories 
D)  balanced scales 
E)  numerical labels for categories 
A)  a larger number of categories 
B)  at least two items to measure each construct 
C)  an even number of response categories 
D)  balanced scales 
E)  numerical labels for categories

Question 11

You are interested in measuring attitudes towards casual dress Friday in the business world. Explain what type of scale would be appropriate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are interested in measuring attitudes towards...

Question 12

What is the first step in the scale development process?

Accepted Answer

A)  selection of the appropriate scales to measure the concept 
B)  administer the instrument to a sample and assess respondent understanding as well as reliability and validity 
C)  specification of a sample of observable and measurable items that represent the components of the concept 
D)  definition of the concept to be measured 
E)  identification of the components of the concept 
A)  selection of the appropriate scales to measure the concept 
B)  administer the instrument to a sample and assess respondent understanding as well as reliability and validity 
C)  specification of a sample of observable and measurable items that represent the components of the concept 
D)  definition of the concept to be measured 
E)  identification of the components of the concept

Question 13

Which of the following typically involve the use of statements on a questionnaire accompanied by precoded categories, one of which is selected by the respondent to indicate the extent of agreement or disagreement with a given statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal scale 
B)  rating scale 
C)  preference scale 
D)  liking scale 
E)  latent scale 
A)  nominal scale 
B)  rating scale 
C)  preference scale 
D)  liking scale 
E)  latent scale

Question 14

What are the practical decisions necessary when developing scales? Discuss each briefly.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the practical decisions necessary when...

Question 15

Which of the following is a type of categorical scale that includes a set of traits, product characteristics, or features that are paired against one another?

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative scale 
B)  balanced scale 
C)  paired-comparison scale 
D)  dual-coding scale 
E)  dyadic scale 
A)  comparative scale 
B)  balanced scale 
C)  paired-comparison scale 
D)  dual-coding scale 
E)  dyadic scale

Question 16

List the two broad types of scales and the different types within each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the two broad types of scales...

Question 17

_____is the extent to which a construct measures what it is supposed to measure.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reliability 
B)  Validity 
C)  Cronbach's alpha 
D)  Coefficient alpha 
E)  Coefficient beta 
A)  Reliability 
B)  Validity 
C)  Cronbach's alpha 
D)  Coefficient alpha 
E)  Coefficient beta

Question 18

A requirement for a nominal scale is that its categories are mutually exclusive. This means _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  that all possible categories must be included 
B)  that the categories cannot appear in any other question on the questionnaire 
C)  that the categories are synonymous 
D)  that each category must be different (no overlap) 
E)  that points on the scale indicate equal distance 
A)  that all possible categories must be included 
B)  that the categories cannot appear in any other question on the questionnaire 
C)  that the categories are synonymous 
D)  that each category must be different (no overlap) 
E)  that points on the scale indicate equal distance

Question 19

Zeke wants a scale in which the differences between the scale points are considered to be equal so that he can compare differences between scale points, but he doesn't need a scale in which the location of the zero point is fixed. Zeke should use a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal scale 
B)  ratio scale 
C)  ordinal scale 
D)  interval scale 
E)  minimal scale 
A)  nominal scale 
B)  ratio scale 
C)  ordinal scale 
D)  interval scale 
E)  minimal scale

Question 20

Clara wants to measure consumers' intentions to buy a new automobile within the next six months. What type of scale is frequently used to measure behavioral intentions?

Accepted Answer

A)  summated ratings scale 
B)  numerical scale 
C)  semantic differential scale 
D)  sorting 
E)  rank order scale 
A)  summated ratings scale 
B)  numerical scale 
C)  semantic differential scale 
D)  sorting 
E)  rank order scale

How does a researcher demonstrate concurrent validity?

What type of scale possesses a unique origin or zero point?

All of the following are levels of measurement EXCEPT _____.

Coefficient alpha is a measure of internal consistency validity.

A(n) _____ is an abstraction or idea formed by the perception of phenomena.

The two broad types of measurement scales are _____.

Explain why measurement may be difficult in business research. How do business researchers overcome these difficulties?

Which of the following is an example of a metric scale?

_____ scales often are referred to as quantitative.

In practical terms, what will allow greater precision of the measurement scale?

You are interested in measuring attitudes towards casual dress Friday in the business world. Explain what type of scale would be appropriate.

What is the first step in the scale development process?

Which of the following typically involve the use of statements on a questionnaire accompanied by precoded categories, one of which is selected by the respondent to indicate the extent of agreement or disagreement with a given statement?

What are the practical decisions necessary when developing scales? Discuss each briefly.

Which of the following is a type of categorical scale that includes a set of traits, product characteristics, or features that are paired against one another?

List the two broad types of scales and the different types within each.

_____is the extent to which a construct measures what it is supposed to measure.

A requirement for a nominal scale is that its categories are mutually exclusive. This means _____.

Zeke wants a scale in which the differences between the scale points are considered to be equal so that he can compare differences between scale points, but he doesn't need a scale in which the location of the zero point is fixed. Zeke should use a(n) _____.

Clara wants to measure consumers' intentions to buy a new automobile within the next six months. What type of scale is frequently used to measure behavioral intentions?

Business Research for the Twenty-First Century

Overview of the Research Process

Ethics in Business Research

Defining the Research Problem and Reviewing the Literature

The Nature and Sources of Secondary Business Data

Conceptualization and Research Design

Sampling Approaches and Considerations

Methods of Collecting Primary Data

Questionnaire Design

Basic Data Analysis for Qualitative Research

Basic Data Analysis for Quantitative Research

Testing Hypotheses in Quantitative Research

Examining Relationships Using Correlation and Regression

Other Multivariate Techiques

Reporting and Presenting Research

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Exam 9: Measurement and Scaling

How does a researcher demonstrate concurrent validity?

What type of scale possesses a unique origin or zero point?

All of the following are levels of measurement EXCEPT _____.

Coefficient alpha is a measure of internal consistency validity.

A(n) _____ is an abstraction or idea formed by the perception of phenomena.

The two broad types of measurement scales are _____.

Explain why measurement may be difficult in business research. How do business researchers overcome these difficulties?

Which of the following is an example of a metric scale?

_____ scales often are referred to as quantitative.

In practical terms, what will allow greater precision of the measurement scale?

You are interested in measuring attitudes towards casual dress Friday in the business world. Explain what type of scale would be appropriate.

What is the first step in the scale development process?

Which of the following typically involve the use of statements on a questionnaire accompanied by precoded categories, one of which is selected by the respondent to indicate the extent of agreement or disagreement with a given statement?

What are the practical decisions necessary when developing scales? Discuss each briefly.

Which of the following is a type of categorical scale that includes a set of traits, product characteristics, or features that are paired against one another?

List the two broad types of scales and the different types within each.

_____is the extent to which a construct measures what it is supposed to measure.

A requirement for a nominal scale is that its categories are mutually exclusive. This means _____.

Zeke wants a scale in which the differences between the scale points are considered to be equal so that he can compare differences between scale points, but he doesn't need a scale in which the location of the zero point is fixed. Zeke should use a(n) _____.

Clara wants to measure consumers' intentions to buy a new automobile within the next six months. What type of scale is frequently used to measure behavioral intentions?

Business Research for the Twenty-First Century

Overview of the Research Process

Ethics in Business Research

Defining the Research Problem and Reviewing the Literature

The Nature and Sources of Secondary Business Data

Conceptualization and Research Design

Sampling Approaches and Considerations

Methods of Collecting Primary Data

Questionnaire Design

Basic Data Analysis for Qualitative Research

Basic Data Analysis for Quantitative Research

Testing Hypotheses in Quantitative Research

Examining Relationships Using Correlation and Regression

Other Multivariate Techiques

Reporting and Presenting Research

Filters