Exam 13: Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood

The results of one study revealed that in third grade, about __________ of White children and __________ of African American children chose a best friend of the other race.

Read about William Damon's stages of friendship in your text. What does your child base his or her view of friends on? In addition, does your child seem to be popular and have a lot of friends? If so, what does this say about the level of your child's social competence? Alternatively, if your child has a hard time making friends, what are some strategies that may be employed to assist in this area?

During middle childhood, a child's conception of the nature of friendship undergoes some profound changes. According to developmental psychologist William Damon, a child's view of friendship passes through three distinct stages. The second stage is based on __________.

Eleven-year-old Ryan has a difficult time making and keeping friends and has a history of becoming easily angered when he is confronted, thus making him unpopular with his peers. Devise a strategy that would increase Ryan's level of social competence.

According to a theory first suggested by psychologist Leon Festinger, when concrete, objective measures of ability are lacking, people turn to __________ to evaluate themselves.

Seven-year-old Charlie's mother constantly redoes everything he has done. She remakes his bed after he has made it. She rebuttons his shirt for him. She reties his shoes. She even erases the letters he writes backward and fixes them. Charlie has low self-esteem and probably assumes that he __________.

The students at Jones Elementary school have just received their report cards for the first six-week grading period. On the bus they will most likely compare their scores with __________.

Renee's parents are warm and emotionally supportive; they set clear limits for her behavior. Renee probably has __________.

What are the characteristics of bullies and their victims?

Popular children tend to have effective __________skills, which allow them to resolve social conflicts in ways that are satisfactory to those involved.

As Ms. Ibanez is handing back the results of an end of unit math test, she comments, "I had hoped that the class would have performed better than this." When the students get their results back, they most likely will __________.

A child's self-concept is composed of which of the following major areas?

__________ families tend to be larger than other families.

According to Erikson, the industry vs. inferiority stage of middle childhood ranges from ages __________ to __________.

Most 7-year-olds have self-esteem that reflects a __________ view of themselves.