Exam 13: Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood

The average cost of raising a child in a group home is approximately __________ per year.

Adan has just completed elementary school. In the fall he will enter middle school. His parents can expect that Adan's self-esteem will __________ during this transition time.

Children's self-esteem during middle childhood develops in which of the following ways?

Approximately __________ percent of all bullies come from abusive homes.

When Brynn is asked to describe herself she says, "I'm smart, dependable, and helpful to my friends and family." Brynn's usage of inner traits when describing herself demonstrate her increase in __________ skills.

When faced with a challenge, Harry, a student with chronically low self-esteem, is likely to __________.

Unpopular children may develop __________, which involves feeling that they have little or no ability to improve their situation.

According to psychologist William Damon, what are the three stages of friendship?

Bob told Jessica a secret. Jessica accidentally told Eduardo while they were gossiping. Bob found out and became very upset and ended their friendship. Later Jessica apologized to Bob and their friendship returned as though nothing ever happened. According to Damon's stages of friendship, what stage of friendship is Bob in?

A period in which children and parents jointly control behavior is called __________.

Jeremy changes his friends on a daily basis. Jeremy's friend for the day is the child who shares the ball during recess time. According to Damon's stages of friendship, what stage is Jeremy in?

Five-year-old Justin has only two friends in his class. James is a friend because he shares the plastic building blocks at center time with Justin, and Josephine is his other friend because she shares the paint during art time with him. According to Damon's stages of friendship, Justin is in the __________ stage.

According to Erikson, __________ is the positive outcome of middle childhood; __________ is the negative result of middle childhood.

Describe the effects on children when they are left home alone.

Qui Yung received a poor grade on a math exam. She then compared her score with those of classmates and observed she had a higher grade than most. Qui Yung will probably __________.

Pauline goes home straight after school to an empty house. She immediately fixes herself an after-school snack and begins her homework while she waits for her parents to get home from work. Pauline is an example of a __________.

In __________, children may be hit, pushed, or touched inappropriately.

One strategy that parents can use to help bolster a child's self-esteem is to use the __________ style of parenting.

According to sociologist Sandra Hofferth, a few hours of unsupervised time alone at home may __________.

When Woody was telling his Mom about the other children in his class, he told her that one child was faster than he is, one child was a better reader than he is, and one child was louder than he is, but he was the tallest in the class! Woody is engaging in the process known as __________.