Question 1

Changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  researcher bias. 
B)  the field experiment effect. 
C)  research participant bias. 
D)  the extraneous effect. 
A)  researcher bias. 
B)  the field experiment effect. 
C)  research participant bias. 
D)  the extraneous effect.

Question 2

If you were interested in how the human mind is able to interpret depth and distance when looking at a painting on a flat canvas,you would be most interested in the psychological speciality area of

Accepted Answer

A)  personality theory. 
B)  comparative psychology. 
C)  sensation and perception. 
D)  forensic psychology. 
A)  personality theory. 
B)  comparative psychology. 
C)  sensation and perception. 
D)  forensic psychology.

Question 3

You discuss your feelings of loneliness with a psychologist,who responds by having you consider how your own behaviors contribute and reinforce your loneliness,how your early childhood relationship with your parents influences current relationships,and how your distorted self-image may inhibit you from seeking new relationships.This psychologist is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  a humanist. 
B)  eclectic. 
C)  a behaviorist. 
D)  Freudian. 
A)  a humanist. 
B)  eclectic. 
C)  a behaviorist. 
D)  Freudian.

Question 4

Presently,the American Psychological Association consists of at least how many different divisions,each reflecting special skills or areas of interest?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  30 
C)  40 
D)  50 
A)  20 
B)  30 
C)  40 
D)  50

Question 5

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.First,you form two groups of people,and you give members of one group
A test of driving ability while they are using a cell phone with the second group taking the
Driving test without using a cell phone.To determine how cell phone use affects driving,you
Used

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  the experimental method. 
C)  the survey method. 
D)  a correlational study. 
A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  the experimental method. 
C)  the survey method. 
D)  a correlational study.

Question 6

Antoine is conducting an experiment on the effects of room color on people's ability to concentrate.The independent variable would be the

Accepted Answer

A)  subjects' overall intelligence. 
B)  size of the room. 
C)  room color. 
D)  ability to concentrate. 
A)  subjects' overall intelligence. 
B)  size of the room. 
C)  room color. 
D)  ability to concentrate.

Question 7

Dr.Ward investigates classroom dynamics,teaching styles,and learning.He also develops tests that will be used to evaluate learning.Dr.Ward is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  social 
B)  comparative 
C)  developmental 
D)  educational 
A)  social 
B)  comparative 
C)  developmental 
D)  educational

Question 8

Dr.Berka is studying how biology,child rearing,education,and societal stereotypes influence the differing behaviors exhibited by females and males in the workplace.Dr.Berka is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative 
B)  developmental 
C)  gender 
D)  evolutionary 
A)  comparative 
B)  developmental 
C)  gender 
D)  evolutionary

Question 9

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.The number of hours that each participant slept the night before the
Driving test would be a(n)__________variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent 
B)  control 
C)  extraneous 
D)  dependent 
A)  independent 
B)  control 
C)  extraneous 
D)  dependent

Question 10

Miranda holds a master's degree and works with patients in clinics and hospitals as part of a therapeutic team.Her typical duties include evaluating patients and their families by visiting the patients' homes,schools,or workplaces to help alleviate their problems.Miranda is most likely which type of mental health professional?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalyst 
B)  psychiatric social worker 
C)  counselor 
D)  psychologist 
A)  psychoanalyst 
B)  psychiatric social worker 
C)  counselor 
D)  psychologist

Question 11

Which view within the psychological perspective sees behavior as the result of hidden,clashing forces within one's personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  humanistic 
C)  psychodynamic 
D)  biopsychological 
A)  cognitive 
B)  humanistic 
C)  psychodynamic 
D)  biopsychological

Question 12

Nadine is in the group that does not receive the independent variable.Nadine is in the __________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent 
B)  dependent 
C)  control 
D)  experimental 
A)  independent 
B)  dependent 
C)  control 
D)  experimental

Question 13

Those who label themselves as "basic researchers"

Accepted Answer

A)  seek information for which immediate uses are planned. 
B)  probably are involved in directly counseling patients in a clinic. 
C)  are applying psychological skills in a job situation. 
D)  seek knowledge for its own sake. 
A)  seek information for which immediate uses are planned. 
B)  probably are involved in directly counseling patients in a clinic. 
C)  are applying psychological skills in a job situation. 
D)  seek knowledge for its own sake.

Question 14

Psychiatrists differ from psychologists because psychiatrists

Accepted Answer

A)  are physicians with a specialization in abnormal behavior and psychotherapy. 
B)  are extensively trained in the theories and techniques of Sigmund Freud. 
C)  are generally more eclectic than psychologists. 
D)  have a Masters or Ph.D.degree with special training in psychological theory and research methods. 
A)  are physicians with a specialization in abnormal behavior and psychotherapy. 
B)  are extensively trained in the theories and techniques of Sigmund Freud. 
C)  are generally more eclectic than psychologists. 
D)  have a Masters or Ph.D.degree with special training in psychological theory and research methods.

Question 15

The experimenter usually sets the value of

Accepted Answer

A)  the independent variable. 
B)  the dependent variable. 
C)  all the extraneous variables. 
D)  none of the variables in the experiment. 
A)  the independent variable. 
B)  the dependent variable. 
C)  all the extraneous variables. 
D)  none of the variables in the experiment.

Question 16

Which of the following involves basic research?

Accepted Answer

A)  designing an easily read display screen for space capsules 
B)  determining the optimal rate for presenting information to a computer keyboard 
C)  measuring the average storage capacity of the human short-term memory system 
D)  measuring the average rate of dark adaptation to set night flying rules for pilots 
A)  designing an easily read display screen for space capsules 
B)  determining the optimal rate for presenting information to a computer keyboard 
C)  measuring the average storage capacity of the human short-term memory system 
D)  measuring the average rate of dark adaptation to set night flying rules for pilots

Question 17

One of the advantages of the experimental method is that

Accepted Answer

A)  clear cause-and-effect relationships can be identified. 
B)  it allows information about large numbers of people to be gathered. 
C)  it allows the investigation of rare or unusual problems or events. 
D)  all types of behavior are easily studied in the laboratory. 
A)  clear cause-and-effect relationships can be identified. 
B)  it allows information about large numbers of people to be gathered. 
C)  it allows the investigation of rare or unusual problems or events. 
D)  all types of behavior are easily studied in the laboratory.

Question 18

A characteristic feature of research carried out by social psychologists is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  is concerned with the effects of age and psychological growth. 
B)  includes topics such as arousal, EEG, biochemistry, and neurons. 
C)  includes topics such as attitudes, conformity, leadership, and prejudice. 
D)  is concerned with the design of machines to be used by people. 
A)  is concerned with the effects of age and psychological growth. 
B)  includes topics such as arousal, EEG, biochemistry, and neurons. 
C)  includes topics such as attitudes, conformity, leadership, and prejudice. 
D)  is concerned with the design of machines to be used by people.

Question 19

The best definition of a variable is that it is the part of an experiment that

Accepted Answer

A)  is controlled. 
B)  can change. 
C)  always stays the same. 
D)  is always a behavior in psychology. 
A)  is controlled. 
B)  can change. 
C)  always stays the same. 
D)  is always a behavior in psychology.

Question 20

The independent variable in an experiment is

Accepted Answer

A)  the subject him or herself. 
B)  a measure of the subject's behavior. 
C)  the variable that the experimenter chooses to manipulate. 
D)  any unwanted variable that may adversely affect the subject's performance. 
A)  the subject him or herself. 
B)  a measure of the subject's behavior. 
C)  the variable that the experimenter chooses to manipulate. 
D)  any unwanted variable that may adversely affect the subject's performance.

Exam 1: B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions is referred to as

If you were interested in how the human mind is able to interpret depth and distance when looking at a painting on a flat canvas,you would be most interested in the psychological speciality area of

Presently,the American Psychological Association consists of at least how many different divisions,each reflecting special skills or areas of interest?

Antoine is conducting an experiment on the effects of room color on people's ability to concentrate.The independent variable would be the

Dr.Ward investigates classroom dynamics,teaching styles,and learning.He also develops tests that will be used to evaluate learning.Dr.Ward is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Dr.Berka is studying how biology,child rearing,education,and societal stereotypes influence the differing behaviors exhibited by females and males in the workplace.Dr.Berka is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.The number of hours that each participant slept the night before the Driving test would be a(n)__________variable.

Which view within the psychological perspective sees behavior as the result of hidden,clashing forces within one's personality?

Nadine is in the group that does not receive the independent variable.Nadine is in the __________ group.

Those who label themselves as "basic researchers"

Psychiatrists differ from psychologists because psychiatrists

The experimenter usually sets the value of

Which of the following involves basic research?

One of the advantages of the experimental method is that

A characteristic feature of research carried out by social psychologists is that it

The best definition of a variable is that it is the part of an experiment that

The independent variable in an experiment is

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology

C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics