Question 1

A variable,such as the personality of a subject,that might affect the outcome of an experiment would be controlled by

Accepted Answer

A)  random assignment of subjects. 
B)  assuming the effects of the variable are negligible. 
C)  manipulating the dependent variables simultaneously. 
D)  repeating the experiment several times until the results are consistent. 
A)  random assignment of subjects. 
B)  assuming the effects of the variable are negligible. 
C)  manipulating the dependent variables simultaneously. 
D)  repeating the experiment several times until the results are consistent.

Question 2

A researcher is testing the effectiveness of a new math program.The extraneous variables,such as temperature and lighting,will best be controlled by

Accepted Answer

A)  randomly assigning students to rooms of varying temperature and light intensity. 
B)  randomly selecting the rooms in which the students will be taught. 
C)  making the temperature and the amount of light the same for all the rooms. 
D)  letting the students select the room temperature and lighting in which they are most comfortable. 
A)  randomly assigning students to rooms of varying temperature and light intensity. 
B)  randomly selecting the rooms in which the students will be taught. 
C)  making the temperature and the amount of light the same for all the rooms. 
D)  letting the students select the room temperature and lighting in which they are most comfortable.

Question 3

In an experiment to determine if meditation increases mental concentration,the group of subjects who would be required to meditate would be the __________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  experimental 
D)  control 
A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  experimental 
D)  control

Question 4

Naturalistic observation,correlational studies,the clinical method,and the survey method are considered __________ methods.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  non-experimental 
C)  nonscientific 
D)  placebo bias 
A)  experimental 
B)  non-experimental 
C)  nonscientific 
D)  placebo bias

Question 5

To investigate the effects of a new drug for hyperactivity,one group of children is given this new drug,while the other group is given a placebo.The experimenter has his assistant label
The drug and the placebo with letter names so that he will not know which group of children is
Getting the placebo and which group is getting the new drug until the end of the experiment.
This researcher is using a

Accepted Answer

A)  double-blind experiment to minimize research participant bias and researcher bias. 
B)  single-blind experiment to minimize observer bias and the observer effect. 
C)  triple-blind experiment that incorporates random selection and random assignment. 
D)  placebo effect to maximize the self-fulfilling prophecy. 
A)  double-blind experiment to minimize research participant bias and researcher bias. 
B)  single-blind experiment to minimize observer bias and the observer effect. 
C)  triple-blind experiment that incorporates random selection and random assignment. 
D)  placebo effect to maximize the self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 6

Any condition that can change and that might affect the outcome of the experiment is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  variable. 
B)  mediator. 
C)  stimulus. 
D)  experimental behavior. 
A)  variable. 
B)  mediator. 
C)  stimulus. 
D)  experimental behavior.

Question 7

Sometimes observers in naturalistic observation see what they expect to see even when it doesn't occur.This problem is called

Accepted Answer

A)  observer bias. 
B)  pro-social interaction effect. 
C)  observer effect. 
D)  halo effect. 
A)  observer bias. 
B)  pro-social interaction effect. 
C)  observer effect. 
D)  halo effect.

Question 8

An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning.Two groups study the same material,one while listening to music and another without music.The independent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  learning. 
B)  the size of the group. 
C)  the material studied. 
D)  music. 
A)  learning. 
B)  the size of the group. 
C)  the material studied. 
D)  music.

Question 9

Dr.Causey is interested in how the effects of dopamine levels impact schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.Dr.Causey is most likely a

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive psychologist. 
B)  biopsychologist. 
C)  social psychologist. 
D)  forensic psychologist. 
A)  cognitive psychologist. 
B)  biopsychologist. 
C)  social psychologist. 
D)  forensic psychologist.

Question 10

Which type of psychologist would most likely study the improvement of children's memory as they age from three to 12 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary 
B)  comparative 
C)  developmental 
D)  gender 
A)  evolutionary 
B)  comparative 
C)  developmental 
D)  gender

Question 11

In a study of the effects of antidepressant drug on depressive symptoms,the experimental group is given the antidepressant drug,while the control group is given a

Accepted Answer

A)  placebo. 
B)  different but equally powerful anti-depressant drug. 
C)  lesser amount of the antidepressant drug. 
D)  mixture of a placebo and the antidepressant drug. 
A)  placebo. 
B)  different but equally powerful anti-depressant drug. 
C)  lesser amount of the antidepressant drug. 
D)  mixture of a placebo and the antidepressant drug.

Question 12

Taking your clients' cultural beliefs and values into account when making diagnoses and before beginning therapy illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  social accommodation. 
B)  cultural relativity. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  cultural assimilation. 
A)  social accommodation. 
B)  cultural relativity. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  cultural assimilation.

Question 13

Placebos have such a strong effect on people because

Accepted Answer

A)  only medical doctors can prescribe them. 
B)  their impact is immediate. 
C)  their impact is long-term. 
D)  they alter conscious and unconscious expectations. 
A)  only medical doctors can prescribe them. 
B)  their impact is immediate. 
C)  their impact is long-term. 
D)  they alter conscious and unconscious expectations.

Question 14

Joaquin is a psychologist studying how exposure to different kinds of play (e.g.,with dolls versus blocks)affects the development of boys versus girls.Joaquin is most likely a(n)
_________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  gender 
B)  comparative 
C)  personality 
D)  evolutionary 
A)  gender 
B)  comparative 
C)  personality 
D)  evolutionary

Question 15

Jeremy is a psychologist working with a team of archeologists.By working with this team,he hopes to piece together the changes that have occurred in human parenting since the dawn of time.Jeremy is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  social 
B)  forensic 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  environmental 
A)  social 
B)  forensic 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  environmental

Question 16

In research reports,a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that it would occur by chance in __________ experiments out of 100.

Accepted Answer

A)  less than five 
B)  less than 20 
C)  more than five 
D)  more than 20 
A)  less than five 
B)  less than 20 
C)  more than five 
D)  more than 20

Question 17

Dr.Galton helps people to take better charge of their own health through techniques,such as learning to do self-screenings for cancer and understanding the emotional impact of illness.Dr.Galton is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  educational 
B)  sensation and perception 
C)  medical or health 
D)  social 
A)  educational 
B)  sensation and perception 
C)  medical or health 
D)  social

Question 18

The phenomenon in which a prediction prompts people to act in ways that make the prediction come true is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudomemory prophecy. 
B)  prediction effect. 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
D)  placebo effect. 
A)  pseudomemory prophecy. 
B)  prediction effect. 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy. 
D)  placebo effect.

Question 19

A psychologist who is "eclectic" can best be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  rejecting determinism in favor of free will. 
B)  cognitive rather than behavioral. 
C)  drawing from many psychological approaches. 
D)  preferring pseudo-psychological approaches. 
A)  rejecting determinism in favor of free will. 
B)  cognitive rather than behavioral. 
C)  drawing from many psychological approaches. 
D)  preferring pseudo-psychological approaches.

Question 20

Regarding biases in research,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Much of the popularity of herbal health remedies is based on the placebo effect. 
B)  Single-blind experiments are used to control researcher bias. 
C)  Double-blind experiments control for both researcher bias and research participant
Bias. 
D)  Double-blind testing has shown that about 50 percent of the effectiveness of
Antidepressant drugs, such as Prozac, is due to the placebo effect. 
A)  Much of the popularity of herbal health remedies is based on the placebo effect. 
B)  Single-blind experiments are used to control researcher bias. 
C)  Double-blind experiments control for both researcher bias and research participant
Bias. 
D)  Double-blind testing has shown that about 50 percent of the effectiveness of
Antidepressant drugs, such as Prozac, is due to the placebo effect.

Exam 1: B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A variable,such as the personality of a subject,that might affect the outcome of an experiment would be controlled by

A researcher is testing the effectiveness of a new math program.The extraneous variables,such as temperature and lighting,will best be controlled by

In an experiment to determine if meditation increases mental concentration,the group of subjects who would be required to meditate would be the __________ group.

Naturalistic observation,correlational studies,the clinical method,and the survey method are considered __________ methods.

Any condition that can change and that might affect the outcome of the experiment is called a(n)

Sometimes observers in naturalistic observation see what they expect to see even when it doesn't occur.This problem is called

An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning.Two groups study the same material,one while listening to music and another without music.The independent variable is

Dr.Causey is interested in how the effects of dopamine levels impact schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.Dr.Causey is most likely a

Which type of psychologist would most likely study the improvement of children's memory as they age from three to 12 years?

In a study of the effects of antidepressant drug on depressive symptoms,the experimental group is given the antidepressant drug,while the control group is given a

Taking your clients' cultural beliefs and values into account when making diagnoses and before beginning therapy illustrates the importance of

Placebos have such a strong effect on people because

Joaquin is a psychologist studying how exposure to different kinds of play (e.g.,with dolls versus blocks)affects the development of boys versus girls.Joaquin is most likely a(n) _________ psychologist.

Jeremy is a psychologist working with a team of archeologists.By working with this team,he hopes to piece together the changes that have occurred in human parenting since the dawn of time.Jeremy is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

In research reports,a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that it would occur by chance in __________ experiments out of 100.

Dr.Galton helps people to take better charge of their own health through techniques,such as learning to do self-screenings for cancer and understanding the emotional impact of illness.Dr.Galton is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

The phenomenon in which a prediction prompts people to act in ways that make the prediction come true is known as the

A psychologist who is "eclectic" can best be described as

Regarding biases in research,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology