Question 1

When animal behavior is used to discover principles that may apply to human behavior,we say that the researcher is utilizing a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  anthropomorphic systems approach. 
B)  animal model. 
C)  zoophilic design. 
D)  model that will yield inaccurate results. 
A)  anthropomorphic systems approach. 
B)  animal model. 
C)  zoophilic design. 
D)  model that will yield inaccurate results.

Question 2

After a person takes a placebo,there is

Accepted Answer

A)  a reduction in brain activity linked with pain. 
B)  usually only a small, insignificant effect for most people. 
C)  initially an increase in pain, followed by mild relief. 
D)  an immediate relief of pain, but no change in brain activity linked with this pain. 
A)  a reduction in brain activity linked with pain. 
B)  usually only a small, insignificant effect for most people. 
C)  initially an increase in pain, followed by mild relief. 
D)  an immediate relief of pain, but no change in brain activity linked with this pain.

Question 3

An experiment is performed to test the effects of sleep deprivation on rote memory.In this experiment,the dependent variable is the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of hours subjects go without sleep. 
B)  rote memory scores. 
C)  number of subjects deprived of sleep in the experimental group. 
D)  correlation between hours of sleep and fatigue. 
A)  number of hours subjects go without sleep. 
B)  rote memory scores. 
C)  number of subjects deprived of sleep in the experimental group. 
D)  correlation between hours of sleep and fatigue.

Question 4

Most clinical psychologists hold a Ph.D.degree and follow a scientist-practitioner model,which means they

Accepted Answer

A)  must perform counseling in a scientific manner. 
B)  are encouraged to conduct research even after they become therapists. 
C)  are required to conduct therapeutic research in order to maintain their licenses. 
D)  are trained to do either scientific research or therapy. 
A)  must perform counseling in a scientific manner. 
B)  are encouraged to conduct research even after they become therapists. 
C)  are required to conduct therapeutic research in order to maintain their licenses. 
D)  are trained to do either scientific research or therapy.

Question 5

In an experiment to study the effects of study skills training on academic achievement,the study skills training would be the __________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  extraneous 
C)  control 
D)  independent 
A)  dependent 
B)  extraneous 
C)  control 
D)  independent

Question 6

If you want to determine whether there is a casual relationship between using the SQ4R study method and final grades in a psychology course,you should use

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  the experimental method. 
C)  the survey method. 
D)  a correlational study. 
A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  the experimental method. 
C)  the survey method. 
D)  a correlational study.

Question 7

The APA professional code of ethics stresses

Accepted Answer

A)  a ban on advertising psychological services. 
B)  the compliance of the client to the psychologist's advice. 
C)  the personal freedom of the client. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  a ban on advertising psychological services. 
B)  the compliance of the client to the psychologist's advice. 
C)  the personal freedom of the client. 
D)  all of these.

Question 8

Teachers in one study were told to watch normal elementary school children who had been labeled for the study as "learning disabled," "intellectually disabled," "emotionally disturbed," or "normal." Sadly,the teachers gave the children very different ratings,depending on the labels used.This illustrates the serious consequences of

Accepted Answer

A)  conducting a scientific survey. 
B)  conducting a case study. 
C)  the observer bias. 
D)  the observer effect. 
A)  conducting a scientific survey. 
B)  conducting a case study. 
C)  the observer bias. 
D)  the observer effect.

Question 9

Which type of variable is measured in both the experimental and control groups of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  extraneous 
D)  correlated 
A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  extraneous 
D)  correlated

Question 10

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.The group that would take the driving test while talking on a cell phone
Would be the __________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  experimental 
D)  control 
A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  experimental 
D)  control

Question 11

A psychologist working in which psychological speciality might explore how a person is able to recognize someone's voice over the telephone by interpreting pitch?

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  comparative 
C)  learning 
D)  sensation and perception 
A)  personality 
B)  comparative 
C)  learning 
D)  sensation and perception

Question 12

The subjects in the experimental group receive the experimental drug,while the subjects in the control group receive a placebo.Although the experimenter knows which subjects are in the
Experimental group and which are in the control group,the subjects themselves do not know
Who is in which group or who received the real drug and who the placebo.This experimenter
Is using

Accepted Answer

A)  a double-blind study to control for researcher bias. 
B)  a single-blind study to control for research participant bias. 
C)  random selection to control the extraneous variables. 
D)  random assignment to control the dependent variables. 
A)  a double-blind study to control for researcher bias. 
B)  a single-blind study to control for research participant bias. 
C)  random selection to control the extraneous variables. 
D)  random assignment to control the dependent variables.

Question 13

An experimenter conducts an experiment on the effects of a drug to control hallucinations.The experimenter declares the results to be "statistically significant," which usually means that

Accepted Answer

A)  even though appropriate statistics were used, no differences could be detected between the experimental and control groups. 
B)  the results have important implications for theory or practice. 
C)  differences of this size between the experimental and control groups would occur by chance only five times out of 100 (or less). 
D)  differences between the experimental and control groups were so large they could never occur by chance alone. 
A)  even though appropriate statistics were used, no differences could be detected between the experimental and control groups. 
B)  the results have important implications for theory or practice. 
C)  differences of this size between the experimental and control groups would occur by chance only five times out of 100 (or less). 
D)  differences between the experimental and control groups were so large they could never occur by chance alone.

Question 14

A social psychologist measures aggressive responses made by people exposed to violent and nonviolent movies.All of the subjects are tested in rooms having identical room temperature.In this experiment,the room temperature is a(n)__________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  correlated 
B)  independent 
C)  dependent 
D)  extraneous 
A)  correlated 
B)  independent 
C)  dependent 
D)  extraneous

Question 15

Regarding animal studies,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The majority of psychological studies utilize animals as subjects. 
B)  Behavioral studies have helped in our understanding of how to care for domestic
Animals and endangered species in zoos. 
C)  Comparative psychologists are the group of psychologists that mainly study other
Animal species besides humans. 
D)  Animal studies have helped in our understanding of stress, learning, obesity, aging, and
Sleep. 
A)  The majority of psychological studies utilize animals as subjects. 
B)  Behavioral studies have helped in our understanding of how to care for domestic
Animals and endangered species in zoos. 
C)  Comparative psychologists are the group of psychologists that mainly study other
Animal species besides humans. 
D)  Animal studies have helped in our understanding of stress, learning, obesity, aging, and
Sleep.

Question 16

Comparative psychologists are primarily interested in

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus-response connections. 
B)  animal behavior. 
C)  the comparison of functional and behavioral psychology. 
D)  the comparison of different types of psychotherapy. 
A)  stimulus-response connections. 
B)  animal behavior. 
C)  the comparison of functional and behavioral psychology. 
D)  the comparison of different types of psychotherapy.

Question 17

In an experiment to test the effects of a new flu drug,two groups are used.One group is given the drug,the other group is given a placebo.The group that receives the placebo is called the __________ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent 
B)  experimental 
C)  dependent 
D)  control 
A)  independent 
B)  experimental 
C)  dependent 
D)  control

Question 18

The study of human strengths,virtues,and optimal behavior is called __________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  sociocultural 
D)  cognitive 
A)  positive 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  sociocultural 
D)  cognitive

Question 19

Ami is investigating how people come to know the world through their visual ability.She is also studying how people interpret this visual information in order to recognize faces.Ami is a
__________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative 
B)  developmental 
C)  sensation and perception 
D)  learning 
A)  comparative 
B)  developmental 
C)  sensation and perception 
D)  learning

Question 20

Celia is a psychologist whose job involves promoting community-wide mental health through research,prevention,education,and consultation.Celia would be a __________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative 
B)  developmental 
C)  community 
D)  cultural 
A)  comparative 
B)  developmental 
C)  community 
D)  cultural

Exam 1: B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

When animal behavior is used to discover principles that may apply to human behavior,we say that the researcher is utilizing a(n)

After a person takes a placebo,there is

An experiment is performed to test the effects of sleep deprivation on rote memory.In this experiment,the dependent variable is the

Most clinical psychologists hold a Ph.D.degree and follow a scientist-practitioner model,which means they

In an experiment to study the effects of study skills training on academic achievement,the study skills training would be the __________ variable.

If you want to determine whether there is a casual relationship between using the SQ4R study method and final grades in a psychology course,you should use

The APA professional code of ethics stresses

Which type of variable is measured in both the experimental and control groups of an experiment?

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.The group that would take the driving test while talking on a cell phone Would be the __________ group.

A psychologist working in which psychological speciality might explore how a person is able to recognize someone's voice over the telephone by interpreting pitch?

An experimenter conducts an experiment on the effects of a drug to control hallucinations.The experimenter declares the results to be "statistically significant," which usually means that

A social psychologist measures aggressive responses made by people exposed to violent and nonviolent movies.All of the subjects are tested in rooms having identical room temperature.In this experiment,the room temperature is a(n)__________ variable.

Regarding animal studies,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Comparative psychologists are primarily interested in

In an experiment to test the effects of a new flu drug,two groups are used.One group is given the drug,the other group is given a placebo.The group that receives the placebo is called the __________ group.

The study of human strengths,virtues,and optimal behavior is called __________ psychology.

Ami is investigating how people come to know the world through their visual ability.She is also studying how people interpret this visual information in order to recognize faces.Ami is a __________ psychologist.

Celia is a psychologist whose job involves promoting community-wide mental health through research,prevention,education,and consultation.Celia would be a __________ psychologist.

A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A: Brain and Behavior

C: Brain and Behavior

A: Human Development

B: Human Development

C: Human Development

D: Human Development

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: States of Consciousness

B: States of Consciousness

C: States of Consciousness

D: States of Consciousness

A: Conditioning and Learning

B: Conditioning and Learning

C: Conditioning and Learning

D: Conditioning and Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

A: Cognition,language,and Creativity

B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

C: Cognition,language,and Creativity

A: Intelligence

B: Intelligence

C: Intelligence

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

A: Gender and Sexuality

B: Gender and Sexuality

C: Gender and Sexuality

D: Gender and Sexuality Completion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

A: Health,stress,and Coping

B: Health,stress,and Coping

C: Health,stress,and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

A: Therapies

B: Therapies

C: Therapies

D: Therapies

A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

A: Applied Psychology

B: Applied Psychology

C: Applied Psychology