Question 1

The sum of all biosynthetic reactions in a cell is known as

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism. 
B) anabolism. 
C) catabolism. 
D) synthatabolism. 
A) metabolism. 
B) anabolism. 
C) catabolism. 
D) synthatabolism. B

Question 2

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Most bacteria are capable of using ammonia as their sole nitrogen source. 
B) Some bacteria are able to use nitrates or nitrogen gas as their nitrogen source. 
C) Most available nitrogen is in organic forms. 
D) Nitrogen is a major component of proteins and nucleic acids. 
A) Most bacteria are capable of using ammonia as their sole nitrogen source. 
B) Some bacteria are able to use nitrates or nitrogen gas as their nitrogen source. 
C) Most available nitrogen is in organic forms. 
D) Nitrogen is a major component of proteins and nucleic acids. C

Question 3

Which metabolic cycle or pathway is LEAST likely to be invoked during the biosynthesis of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) citric acid cycle 
B) glycolysis 
C) gluconeogenesis 
D) pentose phosphate pathway 
A) citric acid cycle 
B) glycolysis 
C) gluconeogenesis 
D) pentose phosphate pathway C

Question 4

During the electron transport process,protons and electrons become physically separated in the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Discuss why energy yield in an organism undergoing anaerobic respiration is less than that of an organism undergoing aerobic respiration.

Accepted Answer

One possible explanation could point to

Question 6

A chemoorganotroph and a chemolithotroph in the same environment would NOT compete for

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen. 
B) carbon. 
C) nitrogen. 
D) phosphorous. 
A) oxygen. 
B) carbon. 
C) nitrogen. 
D) phosphorous.

Question 7

In electron transport systems,the electron carriers are membrane associated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Contrast fermentation and respiration in terms of electron donor,electron acceptor,type of ATP production,and relative number of ATP produced.

Accepted Answer

Respiration should be distinguished as u

Question 9

The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway is another name for

Accepted Answer

A) the citric acid cycle. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) electron transport. 
D) NADH production. 
A) the citric acid cycle. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) electron transport. 
D) NADH production.

Question 10

All of the following are non-protein electron carriers EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) FADH₂. 
B) FMNH₂. 
C) cytochromes. 
D) quinones. 
A) FADH₂. 
B) FMNH₂. 
C) cytochromes. 
D) quinones.

Question 11

Which metabolic strategy does NOT invoke the proton motive force for energy conservation?

Accepted Answer

A) aerobic catabolism 
B) anaerobic 
C) chemoorganotrophy 
D) photoautrophy 
A) aerobic catabolism 
B) anaerobic 
C) chemoorganotrophy 
D) photoautrophy

Question 12

Activation energy is the energy

Accepted Answer

A) required to transform all reactants into their reactive state. 
B) given off as the products in a chemical reaction are formed. 
C) absorbed as ΔG⁰' moves from negative to positive. 
D) needed by an enzyme to catalyze a reaction without coenzymes. 
A) required to transform all reactants into their reactive state. 
B) given off as the products in a chemical reaction are formed. 
C) absorbed as ΔG⁰' moves from negative to positive. 
D) needed by an enzyme to catalyze a reaction without coenzymes.

Question 13

A catalyst

Accepted Answer

A) requires more reactants but makes the reaction rate faster. 
B) increases the amount of reactants produced but does not change the rate. 
C) changes the rate of the reaction but does not change the end amount of products. 
D) changes both the rate of a reaction and the amount of the product that will be obtained as the reaction is completed. 
A) requires more reactants but makes the reaction rate faster. 
B) increases the amount of reactants produced but does not change the rate. 
C) changes the rate of the reaction but does not change the end amount of products. 
D) changes both the rate of a reaction and the amount of the product that will be obtained as the reaction is completed.

Question 14

During electron transport reactions,

Accepted Answer

A) OH⁻ accumulates on the outside of the membrane while H⁺ accumulates on the inside. 
B) OH⁻ accumulates on the inside of the membrane while H⁺ accumulates on the outside. 
C) both OH⁻ and H⁺ accumulate on the inside of the membrane. 
D) both OH⁻ and H⁺ accumulate on the outside of the membrane. 
A) OH⁻ accumulates on the outside of the membrane while H⁺ accumulates on the inside. 
B) OH⁻ accumulates on the inside of the membrane while H⁺ accumulates on the outside. 
C) both OH⁻ and H⁺ accumulate on the inside of the membrane. 
D) both OH⁻ and H⁺ accumulate on the outside of the membrane.

Question 15

Molebdenum is a cofactor for nitrogenase,which means every nitrogen-fixing microorganisms will not be able to fix nitrogen without Mo.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The terminating step of moving electrons onto oxygen releases additional ATP during aerobic metabolism not made during anaerobic growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Explain why the amount of energy released in a redox reaction depends on the nature of both the electron donor and the electron acceptor.

Accepted Answer

Answers should emphasize that energy doe

Question 18

Free-energy calculations are dependent on the rates of the reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Hypothetically,if electron pools existed in sufficient numbers for enzymes to use in metabolic reactions,

Accepted Answer

A) a higher diversity of cytochromes would likely be observed. 
B) cytochromes would be unnecessary for cells and quinones would be more important. 
C) Q-cycle reactions would no longer be necessary for electron transport,but the proton motive force would otherwise be unchanged. 
D) most metabolic pathways for both anabolism and catabolism would have to be rewritten. 
A) a higher diversity of cytochromes would likely be observed. 
B) cytochromes would be unnecessary for cells and quinones would be more important. 
C) Q-cycle reactions would no longer be necessary for electron transport,but the proton motive force would otherwise be unchanged. 
D) most metabolic pathways for both anabolism and catabolism would have to be rewritten.

Question 20

Based on the functional roles of phosphate in various microbial metabolisms,deduce which compounds phosphate exists as in microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

A) organic compounds 
B) inorganic compounds 
C) both organic and inorganic compounds 
D) neither organic nor inorganic compounds 
A) organic compounds 
B) inorganic compounds 
C) both organic and inorganic compounds 
D) neither organic nor inorganic compounds

Exam 3: Microbial Metabolism

The sum of all biosynthetic reactions in a cell is known as

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which metabolic cycle or pathway is LEAST likely to be invoked during the biosynthesis of DNA?

During the electron transport process,protons and electrons become physically separated in the cell membrane.

Discuss why energy yield in an organism undergoing anaerobic respiration is less than that of an organism undergoing aerobic respiration.

A chemoorganotroph and a chemolithotroph in the same environment would NOT compete for

In electron transport systems,the electron carriers are membrane associated.

Contrast fermentation and respiration in terms of electron donor,electron acceptor,type of ATP production,and relative number of ATP produced.

The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway is another name for

All of the following are non-protein electron carriers EXCEPT

Which metabolic strategy does NOT invoke the proton motive force for energy conservation?

Activation energy is the energy

A catalyst

During electron transport reactions,

Molebdenum is a cofactor for nitrogenase,which means every nitrogen-fixing microorganisms will not be able to fix nitrogen without Mo.

The terminating step of moving electrons onto oxygen releases additional ATP during aerobic metabolism not made during anaerobic growth.

Explain why the amount of energy released in a redox reaction depends on the nature of both the electron donor and the electron acceptor.

Free-energy calculations are dependent on the rates of the reactions.

Hypothetically,if electron pools existed in sufficient numbers for enzymes to use in metabolic reactions,

Based on the functional roles of phosphate in various microbial metabolisms,deduce which compounds phosphate exists as in microorganisms.

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

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