Exam 24: Immunity and Host Defense

Adaptive immune responses are directed at pathogen molecules called

If you were given a new necklace and developed reddening,swelling,and itching of your skin around your neck 24 hours after putting on the necklace,what reason would you give to this phenomenon? What immune cells are involved?

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes produce exotoxins known as superantigens that bind to a site on the TCR that is outside the antigen-specific TCR binding site.

Explain why an individual lymphocyte clone that interacts with a specific LPS constituent of Salmonella will not react with the LPS of other bacteria.

Antibodies are soluble proteins produced by T cells.

The process by which antibodies block interactions between pathogens or their products and host cells is termed

Enhanced phagocytosis of antibody-sensitized cells is known as

Which of the following are molecular mediators of inflammation?

Which of these is often used as a prophylactic measure to protect a person against future attack by a pathogen?

A toxoid is an attenuated form of a toxin that retains both its antigenicity and toxicity.

Which of the following can be used in creating a vaccine?

Antihistamines are used to treat some allergic symptoms because they neutralize the histamine mediators that cause rapid dilation of blood vessels and contraction of smooth muscles that initiate the symptoms of systemic anaphylaxis.

Cells that can engulf foreign particles,and can ingest,kill,and digest most bacterial pathogens are called

DNA vaccines are bacterial plasmids that contain cloned DNA with an antigen of interest are unlike attenuated vaccines because there is no chance of causing disease.

You are bitten by a venomous snake at a nature center.A snake handler is also bitten.You are rushed to the emergency room and given an antiserum.The snake handler does not receive treatment because he said he was exposed to venom so many times that he is immune.What is antiserum and will you have long-lasting immunity to snake venom after this? Is what the snake handler said possible or should he also receive treatment? If he does not receive treatment and is not affected,what is protecting him?

The ability of humans to resist a disease is called

What is antigen presentation? Why is antigen presentation important for long-term immunity?

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?

The T cell,with its T cell receptor,can recognize antigens only when the antigens are complexed with self proteins known as major histocompatibility complex found on host cell surfaces.

Phagocytes have general antibody receptors called ________ that bind to any antibody attached to an antigen.