Question 1

A triplet of bases on an mRNA molecule is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) amino acid. 
B) anticodon. 
C) codon. 
D) ribosome-binding sequence. 
A) amino acid. 
B) anticodon. 
C) codon. 
D) ribosome-binding sequence. C

Question 2

An example of correct nucleotide pairing is

Accepted Answer

A) T and U. 
B) G and U. 
C) A and T. 
D) C and U. 
A) T and U. 
B) G and U. 
C) A and T. 
D) C and U. B

Question 3

Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Explain why you think so.
"Proteins are the only biomolecules capable of catalyzing bond formation."

Accepted Answer

A theme to this answer should be how several different RNA molecules catalyze the formation of bonds in the process of protein synthesis (translation)and/or mRNA processing.Specifically,the peptidyl transferase reaction is catalyzed by 23S rRNA,rather than by ribosomal proteins.Catalytic RNAs are also involved in splicing the introns of mRNA in Archaea and Eukarya.

Question 4

The structure and function of a protein are determined by its ________ sequence.

Accepted Answer

A) nucleotide 
B) amino acid 
C) ribonucleotide 
D) translocation 
A) nucleotide 
B) amino acid 
C) ribonucleotide 
D) translocation

Question 5

Genes that encoded for polymerases,gyrases,ribosomal proteins,and other proteins essential to replication,transcription,and translation are present on

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes. 
B) plasmids. 
C) chromosomes and plasmids. 
D) neither chromosomes nor plasmids. 
A) chromosomes. 
B) plasmids. 
C) chromosomes and plasmids. 
D) neither chromosomes nor plasmids.

Question 6

Each adenine-thymine base pair has ________ hydrogen bonds,while each guanine-cytosine base pair has ________ hydrogen bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) two / one 
B) two / three 
C) four / three 
D) three / two 
A) two / one 
B) two / three 
C) four / three 
D) three / two

Question 7

In DNA replication there are leading and lagging strands,because

Accepted Answer

A) DNA replication is conservative and a completely new DNA molecule must be made. 
B) DNA replication is semiconservative and each strand is copied simultaneously in opposite directions. 
C) the strands of DNA are parallel and are copied in the same direction simultaneously. 
D) one strand of DNA is copied faster than the other. 
A) DNA replication is conservative and a completely new DNA molecule must be made. 
B) DNA replication is semiconservative and each strand is copied simultaneously in opposite directions. 
C) the strands of DNA are parallel and are copied in the same direction simultaneously. 
D) one strand of DNA is copied faster than the other.

Question 8

Plasmids often encode for proteins

Accepted Answer

A) involved in translation. 
B) required for cellular growth. 
C) that confer resistance to antibiotics. 
D) involved in DNA replication. 
A) involved in translation. 
B) required for cellular growth. 
C) that confer resistance to antibiotics. 
D) involved in DNA replication.

Question 9

The flow of biological information begins with

Accepted Answer

A) DNA replication. 
B) RNA transcription. 
C) mRNA translation. 
D) transcriptional regulation. 
A) DNA replication. 
B) RNA transcription. 
C) mRNA translation. 
D) transcriptional regulation.

Question 10

DNA replication is bidirectional in prokaryotes with circular chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In complementary base pairing of DNA,adenine pairs with ________ (or ________ in RNA)and cytosine always pairs with ________.

Accepted Answer

A) guanine / uracil / thymine 
B) uracil / thymine / guanine 
C) thymine / guanine / uracil 
D) thymine / uracil / guanine 
A) guanine / uracil / thymine 
B) uracil / thymine / guanine 
C) thymine / guanine / uracil 
D) thymine / uracil / guanine

Question 12

In all cells,genes are composed of

Accepted Answer

A) nucleic acids. 
B) mRNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) chaperones. 
A) nucleic acids. 
B) mRNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) chaperones.

Question 13

The Tat system is involved in

Accepted Answer

A) protein synthesis. 
B) transcriptional initiation. 
C) protein folding. 
D) protein secretion. 
A) protein synthesis. 
B) transcriptional initiation. 
C) protein folding. 
D) protein secretion.

Question 14

You isolate a piece of DNA from a microorganism you cultivated from your teeth.The piece of DNA is 94 kbp is size and is circular.You sequence it and discover that it contains genes for capsule formation,pili,and antibiotic resistance,as well as an origin of replication.What is this piece of DNA and how is it related to the other genetic elements found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

The piece of DNA is most likely a plasmi

Question 15

The precursor of each new nucleotide in a strand of DNA is a

Accepted Answer

A) deoxynucleoside 5'-diphosphate. 
B) deoxynucleoside 3'-diphosphate. 
C) deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate. 
D) deoxynucleoside 3'-triphosphate. 
A) deoxynucleoside 5'-diphosphate. 
B) deoxynucleoside 3'-diphosphate. 
C) deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate. 
D) deoxynucleoside 3'-triphosphate.

Question 16

How are plasmids different than chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasmids are always small,linear pieces of DNA. 
B) Plasmids are composed of single-stranded DNA. 
C) Plasmids contain genes that are NOT essential for cellular growth and replication. 
D) Plasmids carry unimportant genes that are of little significance for the ecology and metabolism of an organism. 
A) Plasmids are always small,linear pieces of DNA. 
B) Plasmids are composed of single-stranded DNA. 
C) Plasmids contain genes that are NOT essential for cellular growth and replication. 
D) Plasmids carry unimportant genes that are of little significance for the ecology and metabolism of an organism.

Question 17

Stop codons are also called ________ codons.

Accepted Answer

A) nonsense 
B) release factor 
C) degeneracy 
D) conversion 
A) nonsense 
B) release factor 
C) degeneracy 
D) conversion

Question 18

Polycistronic transcription units are common in

Accepted Answer

A) Archaea. 
B) Bacteria. 
C) Eukarya. 
D) both Archaea and Bacteria. 
A) Archaea. 
B) Bacteria. 
C) Eukarya. 
D) both Archaea and Bacteria.

Question 19

Describe protein synthesis in terms of initiation,elongation,and termination/release.

Accepted Answer

Answers should describe Figure 4.36 in t

Question 20

The formation of new DNA does NOT require energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Molecular Biology

A triplet of bases on an mRNA molecule is known as a(n)

An example of correct nucleotide pairing is

Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? Explain why you think so. "Proteins are the only biomolecules capable of catalyzing bond formation."

The structure and function of a protein are determined by its ________ sequence.

Genes that encoded for polymerases,gyrases,ribosomal proteins,and other proteins essential to replication,transcription,and translation are present on

Each adenine-thymine base pair has ________ hydrogen bonds,while each guanine-cytosine base pair has ________ hydrogen bonds.

In DNA replication there are leading and lagging strands,because

Plasmids often encode for proteins

The flow of biological information begins with

DNA replication is bidirectional in prokaryotes with circular chromosomes.

In complementary base pairing of DNA,adenine pairs with ________ (or ________ in RNA)and cytosine always pairs with ________.

In all cells,genes are composed of

The Tat system is involved in

The precursor of each new nucleotide in a strand of DNA is a

How are plasmids different than chromosomes?

Stop codons are also called ________ codons.

Polycistronic transcription units are common in

Describe protein synthesis in terms of initiation,elongation,and termination/release.

The formation of new DNA does NOT require energy.

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth and Control

Microbial Genomics

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

Filters

Each adenine-thymine base pair has hydrogen bonds,while each guanine-cytosine base pair has hydrogen bonds.

In complementary base pairing of DNA,adenine pairs with (or in RNA)and cytosine always pairs with .