Question 1

Typically ________ of ORFs in a genome cannot clearly be assigned a function.These ORFs are usually assigned and predicted to encode hypothetical proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) < 1 % 
B) 5 % 
C) 30 % 
D) 90 % 
A) < 1 % 
B) 5 % 
C) 30 % 
D) 90 %

Question 2

Design an experiment using -omic methods to test how Escherichia coli adapts to different growth temperatures.

Accepted Answer

One could grow E.coli in identical flask

Question 3

In addition to chromosomes,some mitochondria also contain other genetic material known as

Accepted Answer

A) plasmids. 
B) transposons. 
C) proteomes. 
D) lysosomes. 
A) plasmids. 
B) transposons. 
C) proteomes. 
D) lysosomes.

Question 4

The Human Microbiome Project is a large research program that aims to understand all of the microorganisms on and in the human body.Which "-omic" methods could be applied directly to a sample from the human body to study the microorganisms in the sample? Propose a general experimental approach for analyzing a sample containing a complex mixture of microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

A sample from the human body,such as sto

Question 5

Gene families are composed of homologous genes that have different evolutionary origins but the same function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Chromosomal islands contain clusters of genes for

Accepted Answer

A) DNA repair and replication. 
B) virulence,biodegradation of pollutants,and symbiotic relationships. 
C) catabolic and anabolic reactions. 
D) antibiotic resistance. 
A) DNA repair and replication. 
B) virulence,biodegradation of pollutants,and symbiotic relationships. 
C) catabolic and anabolic reactions. 
D) antibiotic resistance.

Question 7

Some virulence genes are carried on plasmids or lysogenic bacteriophages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Microarrays can be used to

Accepted Answer

A) analyze global gene expression. 
B) detect pathogens. 
C) detect unwanted food additives or substitutes. 
D) detect pathogens,analyze global gene expression,and detect unwanted food additives or substitutes. 
A) analyze global gene expression. 
B) detect pathogens. 
C) detect unwanted food additives or substitutes. 
D) detect pathogens,analyze global gene expression,and detect unwanted food additives or substitutes.

Question 9

Horizontal gene transfer has been thoroughly documented for genes involved in

Accepted Answer

A) DNA replication and repair. 
B) virulence and metabolic functions. 
C) only very few processes. 
D) translation. 
A) DNA replication and repair. 
B) virulence and metabolic functions. 
C) only very few processes. 
D) translation.

Question 10

Genome assembly relies on

Accepted Answer

A) accurate gene annotation. 
B) overlap of a large numbers of short sequences. 
C) codon bias. 
D) systems biology. 
A) accurate gene annotation. 
B) overlap of a large numbers of short sequences. 
C) codon bias. 
D) systems biology.

Question 11

The advantage(s)of second-generation DNA sequencing compared to the Sanger method are the result of

Accepted Answer

A) miniaturization of reaction size. 
B) increased computing power. 
C) increased length of DNA sequences obtained. 
D) miniaturization of reaction size and increased computer power. 
A) miniaturization of reaction size. 
B) increased computing power. 
C) increased length of DNA sequences obtained. 
D) miniaturization of reaction size and increased computer power.

Question 12

Knowledge of an organism's genome sequence yields important clues to how an organism functions and its evolutionary history.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Genomes of species in both Bacteria and Archaea show a strong correlation between genome size and

Accepted Answer

A) noncoding RNA. 
B) codon bias. 
C) number of ORFs. 
D) number of introns. 
A) noncoding RNA. 
B) codon bias. 
C) number of ORFs. 
D) number of introns.

Question 14

Which method is most commonly used in metabolomics?

Accepted Answer

A) ion torrent semiconductor sequencing 
B) mass spectrometry 
C) 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 
D) Sanger method 
A) ion torrent semiconductor sequencing 
B) mass spectrometry 
C) 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 
D) Sanger method

Question 15

Why are the words "about" and "approximately" used in discussing the results of genomic analysis? Predict what advances in knowledge or methods could change our understanding of a genome sequence.

Accepted Answer

As genome sequence analysis becomes more

Question 16

Gene function is annotated based on homology between the ORFs of a genome and proteins whose function has been proven experimentally.What "-omic" approach could help us determine the function and structure of proteins encoded by uncharacterized ORFs?

Accepted Answer

A) metabolomics 
B) metagenomics 
C) transcriptomics 
D) proteomics 
A) metabolomics 
B) metagenomics 
C) transcriptomics 
D) proteomics

Question 17

The key characteristic of third-generation sequencing is the ability to sequence single molecules of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The total genetic complement of ALL cells within a microbial community is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomal island. 
B) interactome. 
C) metagenome. 
D) metabolome. 
A) chromosomal island. 
B) interactome. 
C) metagenome. 
D) metabolome.

Question 19

The entire complement of RNA produced under a given set of conditions is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) array. 
B) genome. 
C) proteome. 
D) transcriptome. 
A) array. 
B) genome. 
C) proteome. 
D) transcriptome.

Question 20

When comparing genes from Archaea,Bacteria,and Eukarya,which statement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Almost all archaeal genes are more similar to eukaryotic genes than to bacterial genes. 
B) Almost all archaeal genes are more similar to bacterial genes than to eukaryotic genes. 
C) Genes in Archaea involved in DNA replication,transcription,and translation are more similar to those of Eukarya,while those encoding metabolic functions other than information processing are more similar to those of Bacteria. 
D) Archaeal genes are almost universally unique; very few are similar to either eukaryotic or bacterial genes. 
A) Almost all archaeal genes are more similar to eukaryotic genes than to bacterial genes. 
B) Almost all archaeal genes are more similar to bacterial genes than to eukaryotic genes. 
C) Genes in Archaea involved in DNA replication,transcription,and translation are more similar to those of Eukarya,while those encoding metabolic functions other than information processing are more similar to those of Bacteria. 
D) Archaeal genes are almost universally unique; very few are similar to either eukaryotic or bacterial genes.

Exam 6: Microbial Genomics

Typically ________ of ORFs in a genome cannot clearly be assigned a function.These ORFs are usually assigned and predicted to encode hypothetical proteins.

Design an experiment using -omic methods to test how Escherichia coli adapts to different growth temperatures.

In addition to chromosomes,some mitochondria also contain other genetic material known as

Gene families are composed of homologous genes that have different evolutionary origins but the same function.

Chromosomal islands contain clusters of genes for

Some virulence genes are carried on plasmids or lysogenic bacteriophages.

Microarrays can be used to

Horizontal gene transfer has been thoroughly documented for genes involved in

Genome assembly relies on

The advantage(s)of second-generation DNA sequencing compared to the Sanger method are the result of

Knowledge of an organism's genome sequence yields important clues to how an organism functions and its evolutionary history.

Genomes of species in both Bacteria and Archaea show a strong correlation between genome size and

Which method is most commonly used in metabolomics?

Why are the words "about" and "approximately" used in discussing the results of genomic analysis? Predict what advances in knowledge or methods could change our understanding of a genome sequence.

Gene function is annotated based on homology between the ORFs of a genome and proteins whose function has been proven experimentally.What "-omic" approach could help us determine the function and structure of proteins encoded by uncharacterized ORFs?

The key characteristic of third-generation sequencing is the ability to sequence single molecules of DNA.

The total genetic complement of ALL cells within a microbial community is called a(n)

The entire complement of RNA produced under a given set of conditions is called a(n)

When comparing genes from Archaea,Bacteria,and Eukarya,which statement is TRUE?

Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Biology

Microbial Growth and Control

Metabolic Regulation

Viruses and Virology

Viral Genomes and Diversity

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Water and Food As Vehicles of Bacterial Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungal and Parasitic Diseases

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