Question 1

The formula p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 is associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Calculations of heterozygosity 
B) Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 
C) Calculations of recombination frequencies 
D) Degrees of freedom 
A) Calculations of heterozygosity 
B) Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 
C) Calculations of recombination frequencies 
D) Degrees of freedom B

Question 2

The selection coefficient is the measure to which a phenotype is selected against.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Neutral evolutionary forces alter allele frequencies in a random manner.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

A group of individuals from the same species that can interbreed with one another is the definition of a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Species 
B) Population 
C) Race 
D) Community 
E) Kingdom 
A) Species 
B) Population 
C) Race 
D) Community 
E) Kingdom

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic by which a population is in equilibrium according to Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The population is large. 
B)  There is no migration into or out of the population. 
C)  There is no selection against a given genotype. 
D)  There is no mutation in the gene being studied. 
E)  There is nonrandom mating 
A)  The population is large. 
B)  There is no migration into or out of the population. 
C)  There is no selection against a given genotype. 
D)  There is no mutation in the gene being studied. 
E)  There is nonrandom mating

Question 6

Most natural populations are in a state of equilibrium according to Hardy-Weinberg.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Horizontal gene transfer between individuals in a population, while not a mutation, is a source of genetic variation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Random genetic drift is due to chance events that alter the allele frequency in a population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In the calculation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibria in the context of nonrandom mating, random mating is represented by the factor f equal to 1.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The smallest difference in DNA sequence between a gene in two individuals is a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In a given population of Drosophila, curly wings (c) is recessive to the wild-type condition of straight wings (c+). You isolate a population of 35 curly winged flies, 70 flies that are heterozygous for straight wings and 45 that are homozygous for straight wings. What is the frequency of alleles in this population?

Accepted Answer

A) 35% c; 45% c+ 
B) 46.7% c; 53.3% c+ 
C) 50% c; 50% c+ 
D) 55% c; 45% c+ 
E)  The frequencies cannot be calculated from the provided information 
A) 35% c; 45% c+ 
B) 46.7% c; 53.3% c+ 
C) 50% c; 50% c+ 
D) 55% c; 45% c+ 
E)  The frequencies cannot be calculated from the provided information

Question 12

Which type of selection would lead to two distinct phenotypes?

Accepted Answer

A) Stabilizing selection 
B) Phenotype selection 
C) Fitness selection 
D) Disruptive selection 
E) Directional selection 
A) Stabilizing selection 
B) Phenotype selection 
C) Fitness selection 
D) Disruptive selection 
E) Directional selection

Question 13

The allele pool is the sum of all of the alleles in a population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Microsatellites and minisatellites are distinguished from each other by the length of each repeating unit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Mutations are the only source of genetic variation in a population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Microsatellites and minisatellites are distinguished from each other by the number of repeats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The measure of the reproductive success of a genotype is called Darwinian fitness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding a balanced polymorphism?

Accepted Answer

A) The frequency of alleles is not changing over time 
B) The homozygous condition for the alleles is not advantageous to the organism 
C) The population (or species) occupies a heterogeneous environment 
D) An example in humans is sickle-cell anemia 
E) All of the answers are correct 
A) The frequency of alleles is not changing over time 
B) The homozygous condition for the alleles is not advantageous to the organism 
C) The population (or species) occupies a heterogeneous environment 
D) An example in humans is sickle-cell anemia 
E) All of the answers are correct

Question 19

Genetic drift has a greater influence on _____ populations.

Accepted Answer

A) Small 
B) Large 
C) It affects both equally 
A) Small 
B) Large 
C) It affects both equally

Question 20

The degree of relatedness of two members of a pedigree is calculated using _____.

Accepted Answer

A) The calculation of average heterozygosity 
B) The Hardy-Weinberg rule 
C) The coefficient of inbreeding 
D) The chi-square test 
A) The calculation of average heterozygosity 
B) The Hardy-Weinberg rule 
C) The coefficient of inbreeding 
D) The chi-square test

Exam 26: Population Genetics

The formula p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 is associated with which of the following?

The selection coefficient is the measure to which a phenotype is selected against.

Neutral evolutionary forces alter allele frequencies in a random manner.

A group of individuals from the same species that can interbreed with one another is the definition of a ________.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic by which a population is in equilibrium according to Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Most natural populations are in a state of equilibrium according to Hardy-Weinberg.

Horizontal gene transfer between individuals in a population, while not a mutation, is a source of genetic variation.

Random genetic drift is due to chance events that alter the allele frequency in a population.

In the calculation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibria in the context of nonrandom mating, random mating is represented by the factor f equal to 1.

The smallest difference in DNA sequence between a gene in two individuals is a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).

Which type of selection would lead to two distinct phenotypes?

The allele pool is the sum of all of the alleles in a population.

Microsatellites and minisatellites are distinguished from each other by the length of each repeating unit.

Mutations are the only source of genetic variation in a population.

Microsatellites and minisatellites are distinguished from each other by the number of repeats.

The measure of the reproductive success of a genotype is called Darwinian fitness.

Which of the following is true regarding a balanced polymorphism?

Genetic drift has a greater influence on _____ populations.

The degree of relatedness of two members of a pedigree is calculated using _____.

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of DNA and RNA

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

DNA Replication

Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Translation of MRNA

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes II: Epigenetics and Regulation at the RNA Level

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination and Transposition at the Molecular Level

DNA Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of DNA

Genomics II: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Evolutionary Genetics

Filters

The formula p² + 2pq + q² = 1 is associated with which of the following?