Question 1

Which of the following recognizes response elements, control elements, and regulatory elements?

Accepted Answer

A) General transcription factors 
B) Regulatory transcription factors 
C) Mediator 
D) Transactivation domains 
A) General transcription factors 
B) Regulatory transcription factors 
C) Mediator 
D) Transactivation domains B

Question 2

Genomic imprinting is a result of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) Nucleosome location 
B) Histone activation 
C) DNA methylation 
D) Serine to leucine changes in the genetic code 
A) Nucleosome location 
B) Histone activation 
C) DNA methylation 
D) Serine to leucine changes in the genetic code C

Question 3

cAMP is known as a second messenger since the pathway is first activated by a extracellular signaling molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

A transactivation domain is an example of a motif found in transcription factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What would be the result of a mutation in Hsp90?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucocorticoid receptor could not form a dimer 
B) The nuclear localization signal would no longer function 
C) Expression of the regulated genes would become constitutive 
D) The hormone would not be able to bind to the glucocorticoid receptor 
A) Glucocorticoid receptor could not form a dimer 
B) The nuclear localization signal would no longer function 
C) Expression of the regulated genes would become constitutive 
D) The hormone would not be able to bind to the glucocorticoid receptor

Question 6

Which of the following would also work as an enhancer for the following bi-directional enhancer? 5' GTTC 3' 3' CAAG 5'

Accepted Answer

A) 5' GAAC 3' 3' CTTG 5' 
B) 5' CTTG 3' 3' GAAC 5' 
C) 5' CAAG 3' 3' GTTC 5' 
D) 5' CTTC 3' 3' GAAG 5' 
A) 5' GAAC 3' 3' CTTG 5' 
B) 5' CTTG 3' 3' GAAC 5' 
C) 5' CAAG 3' 3' GTTC 5' 
D) 5' CTTC 3' 3' GAAG 5'

Question 7

What might happen if the insulator between two genes is missing?

Accepted Answer

A) Without the insulator, neither gene can be transcribed. 
B) Transcription factors influencing one gene's expression may abnormally influence a neighboring gene's expression. 
C) Transcription factors will not be able to influence the expression of either gene. 
D) Without insulation, both genes will be expressed at maximal levels. 
E)  Transcription factors will not be able to bind to the insulator. 
A) Without the insulator, neither gene can be transcribed. 
B) Transcription factors influencing one gene's expression may abnormally influence a neighboring gene's expression. 
C) Transcription factors will not be able to influence the expression of either gene. 
D) Without insulation, both genes will be expressed at maximal levels. 
E)  Transcription factors will not be able to bind to the insulator.

Question 8

Which of the following structural motifs promotes dimerization?

Accepted Answer

A) Zinc finger 
B) Leucine zipper 
C) Helix-turn-helix 
D) Helix-loop-helix 
A) Zinc finger 
B) Leucine zipper 
C) Helix-turn-helix 
D) Helix-loop-helix

Question 9

A particular gene has a mutation in its NFR that causes it to bind abnormally tightly to histones. What effect would you expect this mutation has on the expression of this gene?

Accepted Answer

A) The expression of the gene would be abnormally high. 
B) The effect on gene expression is impossible to predict. 
C) The gene would encode a different protein instead. 
D) The expression of the gene would be abnormally low or absent. 
E)  The promoter of the gene will be constantly available to transcription factors and RNA polymerase. 
A) The expression of the gene would be abnormally high. 
B) The effect on gene expression is impossible to predict. 
C) The gene would encode a different protein instead. 
D) The expression of the gene would be abnormally low or absent. 
E)  The promoter of the gene will be constantly available to transcription factors and RNA polymerase.

Question 10

If a portion of a transcription factor's domain is the same in a variety of organisms, it is called a motif.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is a region in DNA that binds to a steroid receptor?

Accepted Answer

A) GRE 
B) IRE 
C) CRE 
D) CREB 
A) GRE 
B) IRE 
C) CRE 
D) CREB

Question 12

A mutation in which of the following would result in little or no effect on the expression of a gene regulated by a CRE?

Accepted Answer

A) G protein 
B) Adenylyl cyclase 
C) Protein kinase A 
D) CREB 
E)  Glucocorticoid receptor 
A) G protein 
B) Adenylyl cyclase 
C) Protein kinase A 
D) CREB 
E)  Glucocorticoid receptor

Question 13

Which DNA sequence important for gene expression is usually contained within the NFR?

Accepted Answer

A) Core promoter 
B) CREB binding site 
C) Histone binding site 
D) Transcription termination sequence 
E)  Hormone response element 
A) Core promoter 
B) CREB binding site 
C) Histone binding site 
D) Transcription termination sequence 
E)  Hormone response element

Question 14

DNA that contains actively transcribed genes would most likely contain chromatin in the closed configuration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A particular cell contains all of the standard histones but lacks several histone variants. Which of the following MAY be true of this cell?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell will be completely unable to remodel its chromatin. 
B) The cell will have an enhanced ability to chemically modify its histones. 
C) The cell will be unable to express any of its genes at all. 
D) The cell will express different sets of genes than other cells in the same organism. 
E)  The cell will not be able to divide. 
A) The cell will be completely unable to remodel its chromatin. 
B) The cell will have an enhanced ability to chemically modify its histones. 
C) The cell will be unable to express any of its genes at all. 
D) The cell will express different sets of genes than other cells in the same organism. 
E)  The cell will not be able to divide.

Question 16

A heterodimer occurs when two identical transcription factors interact on a sequence of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which one of the following directly interacts with the DNA as a transcriptional regulator?

Accepted Answer

A) cAMP 
B) G protein 
C) Protein kinase A 
D) CREB protein dimer 
E)  Glucocorticoid response element 
A) cAMP 
B) G protein 
C) Protein kinase A 
D) CREB protein dimer 
E)  Glucocorticoid response element

Question 18

Which of the following might complicate the interpretation of ChIP-Seq data?

Accepted Answer

A) Because histones can be moved around or ejected from the chromatin, some DNA might not be sequenced if it is not wrapped around a histone 
B) DNA wrapped around nucleosomes can never be sequenced 
C) The regions of DNA wrapped around a histone is too long to be sequenced with current technologies 
D) The DNA between nucleosomes are too compacted to be sequenced 
A) Because histones can be moved around or ejected from the chromatin, some DNA might not be sequenced if it is not wrapped around a histone 
B) DNA wrapped around nucleosomes can never be sequenced 
C) The regions of DNA wrapped around a histone is too long to be sequenced with current technologies 
D) The DNA between nucleosomes are too compacted to be sequenced

Question 19

When cortisol binds to the glucocorticoid receptor, HSP90 is released.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The activity of some transcription factors can be regulated by covalent modifications.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional Regulation

Which of the following recognizes response elements, control elements, and regulatory elements?

Genomic imprinting is a result of ___________.

cAMP is known as a second messenger since the pathway is first activated by a extracellular signaling molecule.

A transactivation domain is an example of a motif found in transcription factors.

What would be the result of a mutation in Hsp90?

Which of the following would also work as an enhancer for the following bi-directional enhancer? 5' GTTC 3' 3' CAAG 5'

What might happen if the insulator between two genes is missing?

Which of the following structural motifs promotes dimerization?

A particular gene has a mutation in its NFR that causes it to bind abnormally tightly to histones. What effect would you expect this mutation has on the expression of this gene?

If a portion of a transcription factor's domain is the same in a variety of organisms, it is called a motif.

Which of the following is a region in DNA that binds to a steroid receptor?

A mutation in which of the following would result in little or no effect on the expression of a gene regulated by a CRE?

Which DNA sequence important for gene expression is usually contained within the NFR?

DNA that contains actively transcribed genes would most likely contain chromatin in the closed configuration.

A particular cell contains all of the standard histones but lacks several histone variants. Which of the following MAY be true of this cell?

A heterodimer occurs when two identical transcription factors interact on a sequence of DNA.

Which one of the following directly interacts with the DNA as a transcriptional regulator?

Which of the following might complicate the interpretation of ChIP-Seq data?

When cortisol binds to the glucocorticoid receptor, HSP90 is released.

The activity of some transcription factors can be regulated by covalent modifications.

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of DNA and RNA

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

DNA Replication

Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Translation of MRNA

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes II: Epigenetics and Regulation at the RNA Level

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination and Transposition at the Molecular Level

DNA Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of DNA

Genomics II: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Evolutionary Genetics

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