Question 1

What is a reason that the proteome is larger than the genome?

Accepted Answer

A) Alternative splicing 
B) Proteins are constantly being synthesized and degraded. 
C) Each protein has a specific function which are quite varied while the genes in the genome are only transcribed 
D) Each protein has multiple functional domains whille each gene consists of three basic parts. 
A) Alternative splicing 
B) Proteins are constantly being synthesized and degraded. 
C) Each protein has a specific function which are quite varied while the genes in the genome are only transcribed 
D) Each protein has multiple functional domains whille each gene consists of three basic parts. A

Question 2

Genetic sequences may be useful in predicting protein structure because

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a high statistical frequency of specific amino acids within a given secondary structure 
B)  the folding of the protein is based on how the mRNA folds. 
C)  the physical and energetic properties of the DNA influence protein folding. 
D)  knowing what specific codons are used for each amino acid in the protein can help predict its structure. 
A)  there is a high statistical frequency of specific amino acids within a given secondary structure 
B)  the folding of the protein is based on how the mRNA folds. 
C)  the physical and energetic properties of the DNA influence protein folding. 
D)  knowing what specific codons are used for each amino acid in the protein can help predict its structure. A

Question 3

What would be the most reasonable technique to use to determine if a drug is capable of inhibiting a transcription factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  ChIP assay used with a DNA microarray 
B)  Mass spectometry of proteins in the cell 
C)  2-D gel electrophoresis 
D)  Antibody microarray 
A)  ChIP assay used with a DNA microarray 
B)  Mass spectometry of proteins in the cell 
C)  2-D gel electrophoresis 
D)  Antibody microarray A

Question 4

What type of computer based search methodology would most likely be used to identify a potential promoter for a gene in a nucleotide sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Search-by-signal 
B)  Search-by-content 
C)  Search-by-identity 
D)  Search-by-recognition 
A)  Search-by-signal 
B)  Search-by-content 
C)  Search-by-identity 
D)  Search-by-recognition

Question 5

In a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment, proteins are separated horizontally by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) amino acid sequence 
B) molecular mass 
C) abundance 
D) isoelectric point 
A) amino acid sequence 
B) molecular mass 
C) abundance 
D) isoelectric point

Question 6

The genes of a gene family that consist of two or more homologous genes are called ___.

Accepted Answer

A) Orthologs 
B) Paralogs 
C) Polylogs 
D) Homologs 
A) Orthologs 
B) Paralogs 
C) Polylogs 
D) Homologs

Question 7

cDNA uses chromosomal DNA as its template.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What technique is used to separate cellular proteins for analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) Western blots 
B) Antibody microarrays 
C) Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis 
D) Functional protein microarrays 
A) Western blots 
B) Antibody microarrays 
C) Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis 
D) Functional protein microarrays

Question 9

A functional protein microarray can be used to establish the function or substrates for a given group of proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment, proteins are generally separated vertically by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) net charge 
B) molecular mass 
C) abundance 
D) isoelectric point 
A) net charge 
B) molecular mass 
C) abundance 
D) isoelectric point

Question 11

Which technique can be used to identify a protein of interest after a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA microarray 
B) Treatment with reverse transcriptase to isolate the DNA of interest 
C) BLAST analysis 
D) Mass spectrometry 
A) DNA microarray 
B) Treatment with reverse transcriptase to isolate the DNA of interest 
C) BLAST analysis 
D) Mass spectrometry

Question 12

What can gene chips be used for?

Accepted Answer

A) To examine patterns of protein expression under various environmental conditions 
B) To establish levels of genetic variation 
C) To determine the mass of a gene 
D) To identify the amount of a specific transcription factor in a cell. 
A) To examine patterns of protein expression under various environmental conditions 
B) To establish levels of genetic variation 
C) To determine the mass of a gene 
D) To identify the amount of a specific transcription factor in a cell.

Question 13

To identify a functional protein motif that might be shared by several different proteins what type of recognition strategy would most likely be used?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pattern recognition 
B)  Sequence recognition 
C)  Identity recognition 
D)  Search-by-content 
A)  Pattern recognition 
B)  Sequence recognition 
C)  Identity recognition 
D)  Search-by-content

Question 14

Gene knockouts in mice can be useful because

Accepted Answer

A) they can be used to develop models of human disease. 
B) they identify DNA binding proteins 
C) they limit mRNA production both from the knockout as well as the normal allele in diploids. 
D) only genes that are actively transcribed in the embryo are susceptible to being knocked out. 
A) they can be used to develop models of human disease. 
B) they identify DNA binding proteins 
C) they limit mRNA production both from the knockout as well as the normal allele in diploids. 
D) only genes that are actively transcribed in the embryo are susceptible to being knocked out.

Question 15

In two dimensional gel electrophoresis, proteins are first treated with SDS, separated according to molecular mass, and then separated by their net charge at a specific pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

_______ can be used to determine the amino acid sequence of a protein or peptide.

Accepted Answer

A) X-ray crystallography 
B) Nuclear magnetic resonance 
C) Mass spectrometry 
D) The ChIP assay 
A) X-ray crystallography 
B) Nuclear magnetic resonance 
C) Mass spectrometry 
D) The ChIP assay

Question 17

A population of cells is treated with a polypeptide hormone that induces mitosis and the hormone's cell surface receptor is isolated after 15 minutes and subjected to fragmentation and mass spectometry. Several of the peaks show a slight shift as compared to the same protein from cells not treated with the hormone. What is the most likely explanation of this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorylation of some amino acid residues. 
B)  mRNA editing resulting in a slightly different amino acid sequence. 
C)  Alternative exon usage. 
D)  Proteolytic processing. 
A)  Phosphorylation of some amino acid residues. 
B)  mRNA editing resulting in a slightly different amino acid sequence. 
C)  Alternative exon usage. 
D)  Proteolytic processing.

Question 18

Two genes that share a common ancestral gene will probably have significant homology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In analyzing microarray data if the ratio of mRNA present before and after a particular treatment is 1 it indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) there was no change in mRNA levels before and after treatment. 
B) the gene was not expressed either before or after treatment. 
C) gene expression could not be detected. 
D) mRNA was not detected before treatment. 
A) there was no change in mRNA levels before and after treatment. 
B) the gene was not expressed either before or after treatment. 
C) gene expression could not be detected. 
D) mRNA was not detected before treatment.

Question 20

What field of study of genetics applies statistics and mathematical tools to genetic sequences in order to better understand the genetic information?

Accepted Answer

A) Structural genomics 
B) Functional genomics 
C) Proteomics 
D) Bioinformatics 
A) Structural genomics 
B) Functional genomics 
C) Proteomics 
D) Bioinformatics

Exam 23: Genomics II: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

What is a reason that the proteome is larger than the genome?

Genetic sequences may be useful in predicting protein structure because

What would be the most reasonable technique to use to determine if a drug is capable of inhibiting a transcription factor?

What type of computer based search methodology would most likely be used to identify a potential promoter for a gene in a nucleotide sequence?

In a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment, proteins are separated horizontally by ____.

The genes of a gene family that consist of two or more homologous genes are called ___.

cDNA uses chromosomal DNA as its template.

What technique is used to separate cellular proteins for analysis?

A functional protein microarray can be used to establish the function or substrates for a given group of proteins.

In a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment, proteins are generally separated vertically by ____.

Which technique can be used to identify a protein of interest after a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment?

What can gene chips be used for?

To identify a functional protein motif that might be shared by several different proteins what type of recognition strategy would most likely be used?

Gene knockouts in mice can be useful because

In two dimensional gel electrophoresis, proteins are first treated with SDS, separated according to molecular mass, and then separated by their net charge at a specific pH.

_______ can be used to determine the amino acid sequence of a protein or peptide.

Two genes that share a common ancestral gene will probably have significant homology.

In analyzing microarray data if the ratio of mRNA present before and after a particular treatment is 1 it indicates that

What field of study of genetics applies statistics and mathematical tools to genetic sequences in order to better understand the genetic information?

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of DNA and RNA

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

DNA Replication

Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Translation of MRNA

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes II: Epigenetics and Regulation at the RNA Level

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination and Transposition at the Molecular Level

DNA Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of DNA

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Evolutionary Genetics

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