Question 1

What is an advantage of codon degeneracy?

Accepted Answer

Changes in the third position often have

Question 2

A noncoding region within a gene is known as a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  intron 
B)  exon 
C)  missense region 
D)  split gene 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  intron 
B)  exon 
C)  missense region 
D)  split gene 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 3

Codons that specify the same amino acid are termed _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  degenerate codons 
B)  anticodons 
C)  universal codons 
D)  synonyms 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  degenerate codons 
B)  anticodons 
C)  universal codons 
D)  synonyms 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 4

Which of the following is correct concerning the adaptor molecule tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA contains an anticodon sequence that serves as the template recognition site. 
B)  The amino acid is attached to the 5' end of tRNA. 
C)  tRNA contains a poly A tail at the 3' end. 
D)  tRNA is the largest RNA in the cell. 
E)  tRNA serves as the gene in some viruses. 
A)  tRNA contains an anticodon sequence that serves as the template recognition site. 
B)  The amino acid is attached to the 5' end of tRNA. 
C)  tRNA contains a poly A tail at the 3' end. 
D)  tRNA is the largest RNA in the cell. 
E)  tRNA serves as the gene in some viruses.

Question 5

The temperature at which half of the DNA helical character is lost is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Th 
B)  Tm 
C)  T0.5 
D)  TDNA 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  Th 
B)  Tm 
C)  T0.5 
D)  TDNA 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

Features of the genetic code include

Accepted Answer

A)  a codon is defined by three bases. 
B)  the code overlaps. 
C)  the code is degenerate. 
D)  a codon is defined by three bases and the code is degenerate. 
E)  a codon is defined by three bases and the code overlaps. 
A)  a codon is defined by three bases. 
B)  the code overlaps. 
C)  the code is degenerate. 
D)  a codon is defined by three bases and the code is degenerate. 
E)  a codon is defined by three bases and the code overlaps.

Question 7

Which molecules that are produced during transcription carry information for use as a template during translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  snRNA 
E)  DNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  snRNA 
E)  DNA

Question 8

The process of DNA renaturation after melting is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  replication 
B)  supercoiling 
C)  hybridization 
D)  helix nucleation 
E)  annealing 
A)  replication 
B)  supercoiling 
C)  hybridization 
D)  helix nucleation 
E)  annealing

Question 9

What are two features of mature eukaryotic mRNA that are unique as compared to prokaryotic mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic mRNA has

Question 10

The flow of genetic information from DNA to protein is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  translation 
D)  gene expression 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  translation 
D)  gene expression 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

The difference in RNA bases compared to DNA bases is

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA contains A instead of T. 
B)  RNA contains U instead of G. 
C)  RNA contains U instead of T. 
D)  RNA contains A instead of U. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  RNA contains A instead of T. 
B)  RNA contains U instead of G. 
C)  RNA contains U instead of T. 
D)  RNA contains A instead of U. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 12

Ribosomes are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  rRNA. 
C)  protein. 
D)  DNA and rRNA. 
E)  rRNA and protein. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  rRNA. 
C)  protein. 
D)  DNA and rRNA. 
E)  rRNA and protein.

Question 13

What is a consensus sequence?

Accepted Answer

A consensus sequence is a common sequenc

Question 14

Draw how the dNTP is added to a DNA strand at the 3' end.

Accepted Answer

The drawing should indicate cl

Question 15

How does RNA polymerase differ from DNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

Although similar in many respe

Question 16

Briefly describe the Meselson and Stahl experiment that indicated that DNA replication is semiconservative.

Accepted Answer

Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in the

Question 17

In what type of organisms can genetic information flow from RNA to DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria 
B)  viruses 
C)  cyanobacteria 
D)  archaea 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  bacteria 
B)  viruses 
C)  cyanobacteria 
D)  archaea 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 18

The sites for intron splicing consensus sequences are often

Accepted Answer

A)  AC-------------------AAAA. 
B)  GU-------------------AG. 
C)  AU-------------------GC. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  AC-------------------AAAA. 
B)  GU-------------------AG. 
C)  AU-------------------GC. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 19

What are the minimal components required for DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication requires DNA t

Question 20

Stop codons are read by

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation factors 
B)  transcription factors 
C)  release factors 
D)  elongation factors 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  initiation factors 
B)  transcription factors 
C)  release factors 
D)  elongation factors 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Exam 4: DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

What is an advantage of codon degeneracy?

A noncoding region within a gene is known as a _____.

Codons that specify the same amino acid are termed _____.

Which of the following is correct concerning the adaptor molecule tRNA?

The temperature at which half of the DNA helical character is lost is referred to as _____.

Features of the genetic code include

Which molecules that are produced during transcription carry information for use as a template during translation?

The process of DNA renaturation after melting is called _____.

What are two features of mature eukaryotic mRNA that are unique as compared to prokaryotic mRNA?

The flow of genetic information from DNA to protein is called _____.

The difference in RNA bases compared to DNA bases is

Ribosomes are composed of

What is a consensus sequence?

Draw how the dNTP is added to a DNA strand at the 3' end.

How does RNA polymerase differ from DNA polymerase?

Briefly describe the Meselson and Stahl experiment that indicated that DNA replication is semiconservative.

In what type of organisms can genetic information flow from RNA to DNA?

The sites for intron splicing consensus sequences are often

What are the minimal components required for DNA replication?

Stop codons are read by

Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Protein Composition and Structure

Exploring Proteins and Proteomes

Exploring Genes and Genomes

Exploring Evolution and Bioinformatics

Hemoglobin: a Portrait of a Protein in Action

Enzymes: Basic Concepts and Kinetics

Catalytic Strategies

Regulatory Strategies

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Cell Membranes

Membrane Channels and Pumps

Signal-Transduction Pathways

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

The Citric Acid Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Glycogen Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Catabolism

The Biosynthesis of Amino Acids

Nucleotide Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids

The Integration of Metabolism

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Protein Synthesis

The Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

The Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Sensory Systems

The Immune System

Molecular Motors

Drug Development

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