Question 1

According to evolutionary theorists, mate selection can be attributed to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) food-gathering habits 
B) rites of passage 
C) maternal instincts 
D) reproductive challenges 
A) food-gathering habits 
B) rites of passage 
C) maternal instincts 
D) reproductive challenges

Question 2

Social exchange theory hypothesizes that for relationships to be maintained

Accepted Answer

A) rewards must exceed costs. 
B) similar levels of self-disclosure must occur. 
C) shared values must be expressed and understood. 
D) complementary skills and abilities must exist. 
A) rewards must exceed costs. 
B) similar levels of self-disclosure must occur. 
C) shared values must be expressed and understood. 
D) complementary skills and abilities must exist.

Question 3

The murder of Kitty Genovese has been cited as a prime example of

Accepted Answer

A) bystander intervention. 
B) bystander apathy. 
C) how individuals noticed and defined an event as an emergency. 
D) the importance of group action in an emergency. 
A) bystander intervention. 
B) bystander apathy. 
C) how individuals noticed and defined an event as an emergency. 
D) the importance of group action in an emergency.

Question 4

Two wolves confront each other over territory or dominance.Which of the following would NOT be the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) The two wolves would growl, lunge, bare their teeth, and fiercely threaten each other. 
B) In most instances, one or both would be killed or severely maimed. 
C) One wolf, recognizing the dominance of the other, will typically bare its throat in a gesture of submission with the dominant wolf being inhibited by this submissive gesture. 
D) In most instances, neither wolf would be killed or even wounded. 
A) The two wolves would growl, lunge, bare their teeth, and fiercely threaten each other. 
B) In most instances, one or both would be killed or severely maimed. 
C) One wolf, recognizing the dominance of the other, will typically bare its throat in a gesture of submission with the dominant wolf being inhibited by this submissive gesture. 
D) In most instances, neither wolf would be killed or even wounded.

Question 5

Terrence has always had difficulty trusting and depending on others.He tends to see others as either unreliable or too eager to commit to a relationship.Therefore, whenever the relationship gets too close, he pulls back and the relationship breaks up.According to Latty-Mann and Davis's research on adult attachment styles, Terrence would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

A) ambivalent 
B) avoidant 
C) secure 
D) dependent 
A) ambivalent 
B) avoidant 
C) secure 
D) dependent

Question 6

The fact that we tend to remain in relationships only as long as the rewards outweigh the effort and irritation they cause is summarized by the _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) proxemics 
B) gain-loss 
C) social exchange 
D) social attachment 
A) proxemics 
B) gain-loss 
C) social exchange 
D) social attachment

Question 7

Road rage and some freeway shootings are most likely the result of

Accepted Answer

A) the frustration of traffic congestion with automobiles providing anonymity, or a loss of person identity. 
B) urban societies being desensitized the violence and apathic to their fellow motorist. 
C) instinctual drives for aggression being elicited by the honking horns and angry gestures. 
D) the car serving as an aggressive weapons effect. 
A) the frustration of traffic congestion with automobiles providing anonymity, or a loss of person identity. 
B) urban societies being desensitized the violence and apathic to their fellow motorist. 
C) instinctual drives for aggression being elicited by the honking horns and angry gestures. 
D) the car serving as an aggressive weapons effect.

Question 8

As a child, Sam and his family moved often, with Sam making few friends along the way.Sam is now an adult and has been married to Ana for five years.Sam has always given in to Ana's every demand, while often being verbally abused for his efforts.Concerning Sam, which of the following statements is/are most likely TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Sam has a high personal comparison level for relationships. 
B) Because of his past experiences of having few friends, Sam will be more likely to break up with Ana than a person who had been used to having many friends. 
C) If Sam views this relationship as profitable enough, he will remain in it. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) Sam has a high personal comparison level for relationships. 
B) Because of his past experiences of having few friends, Sam will be more likely to break up with Ana than a person who had been used to having many friends. 
C) If Sam views this relationship as profitable enough, he will remain in it. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 9

Reba and Gina are friends who are having lunch.Their conversation most likely would include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) problems with their mothers-in-law. 
B) health concerns. 
C) concerns about their children. 
D) the performance of their favorite sports team. 
A) problems with their mothers-in-law. 
B) health concerns. 
C) concerns about their children. 
D) the performance of their favorite sports team.

Question 10

Which of the following provides evidence for the importance of cues for aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) the weapons effect 
B) the ethological imperative 
C) learned helplessness 
D) stereotyped responding 
A) the weapons effect 
B) the ethological imperative 
C) learned helplessness 
D) stereotyped responding

Question 11

Which of the following is likely to increase the incidence of prosocial behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) Passage of laws that increase the liability of those who provide help in emergencies. 
B) Providing for an increase in the number of persons who are likely to be present at emergencies. 
C) Providing models of helping behavior and encouraging norms that suggest people help those who have helped them. 
D) Giving lectures advocating the need to help others even though they may be very different from oneself. 
A) Passage of laws that increase the liability of those who provide help in emergencies. 
B) Providing for an increase in the number of persons who are likely to be present at emergencies. 
C) Providing models of helping behavior and encouraging norms that suggest people help those who have helped them. 
D) Giving lectures advocating the need to help others even though they may be very different from oneself.

Question 12

According to Sternberg, friends who do not feel passion for each other and are not determined to go to great lengths to stay in a long-term relationship with each other are experiencing which type of love?

Accepted Answer

A) fatuous love 
B) companionate love 
C) liking 
D) nonlove 
A) fatuous love 
B) companionate love 
C) liking 
D) nonlove

Question 13

Aggression cues include

Accepted Answer

A) angry thoughts. 
B) words and gestures. 
C) the weapons effect. 
D) all of these. 
A) angry thoughts. 
B) words and gestures. 
C) the weapons effect. 
D) all of these.

Question 14

Excessive self-disclosure is a staple of many television talk shows.Guests frequently reveal intimate details about their personal lives.Viewers probably find such intimate disclosures entertaining rather than threatening, because the

Accepted Answer

A) television guests are strangers to the viewer. 
B) television guests are viewed as sympathetic individuals who are seeking help from the talk show host. 
C) viewer does not have to reciprocate with their own self-disclosure to these guests. 
D) viewer has been desensitized by watching numerous talk shows and will not feel threatened by overdisclosure as non-TV talk show watchers. 
A) television guests are strangers to the viewer. 
B) television guests are viewed as sympathetic individuals who are seeking help from the talk show host. 
C) viewer does not have to reciprocate with their own self-disclosure to these guests. 
D) viewer has been desensitized by watching numerous talk shows and will not feel threatened by overdisclosure as non-TV talk show watchers.

Question 15

The personal comparison level is _____ for people with histories of satisfying and rewarding relationships; while lonely persons with unsatisfying relationships tend to have _____ comparison levels.

Accepted Answer

A) high; lower 
B) low; higher 
C) marginal; higher 
D) marginal; lower 
A) high; lower 
B) low; higher 
C) marginal; higher 
D) marginal; lower

Question 16

Using a study of 37 cultures on six continents, _____ found similar human mating patterns, which he believed represented evolved behavior patterns that still guide our choices today.

Accepted Answer

A) Zick Rubin 
B) David Buss 
C) Stanley Schachter 
D) Solomon Asch 
A) Zick Rubin 
B) David Buss 
C) Stanley Schachter 
D) Solomon Asch

Question 17

You are fighting off an attacker and see people across the street, but not looking your way.Your textbook suggested that it would be best to scream _____ to get their attention.

Accepted Answer

A) very loudly 
B) "Fire" 
C) "Help, he has a gun" 
D) none of these phrases 
A) very loudly 
B) "Fire" 
C) "Help, he has a gun" 
D) none of these phrases

Question 18

Human confrontations over dominance or territory almost always end up in injury or homicide.According to Konrad Lorenz, this aggression is caused by _____ in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of innate patterns that inhibit aggression 
B) a sensitivity to aggressive models 
C) desensitization to violence in the media 
D) low frustration tolerance 
A) a lack of innate patterns that inhibit aggression 
B) a sensitivity to aggressive models 
C) desensitization to violence in the media 
D) low frustration tolerance

Question 19

The importance of external cues for aggression is shown by the

Accepted Answer

A) ethological view of aggression. 
B) biological view of aggression. 
C) weapons effect. 
D) empathic arousal effect. 
A) ethological view of aggression. 
B) biological view of aggression. 
C) weapons effect. 
D) empathic arousal effect.

Question 20

Frustration can lead to aggression because it

Accepted Answer

A) inhibits aggression like alcohol intoxication. 
B) activates an instinctual need for catharsis. 
C) produces discomfort like aversive stimuli. 
D) triggers aggression by activating primitive brain regions. 
A) inhibits aggression like alcohol intoxication. 
B) activates an instinctual need for catharsis. 
C) produces discomfort like aversive stimuli. 
D) triggers aggression by activating primitive brain regions.

Exam 17: Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

According to evolutionary theorists, mate selection can be attributed to which of the following?

Social exchange theory hypothesizes that for relationships to be maintained

The murder of Kitty Genovese has been cited as a prime example of

Two wolves confront each other over territory or dominance.Which of the following would NOT be the most likely outcome?

The fact that we tend to remain in relationships only as long as the rewards outweigh the effort and irritation they cause is summarized by the _____ theory.

Road rage and some freeway shootings are most likely the result of

Reba and Gina are friends who are having lunch.Their conversation most likely would include all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following provides evidence for the importance of cues for aggression?

Which of the following is likely to increase the incidence of prosocial behavior?

According to Sternberg, friends who do not feel passion for each other and are not determined to go to great lengths to stay in a long-term relationship with each other are experiencing which type of love?

Aggression cues include

Excessive self-disclosure is a staple of many television talk shows.Guests frequently reveal intimate details about their personal lives.Viewers probably find such intimate disclosures entertaining rather than threatening, because the

The personal comparison level is _____ for people with histories of satisfying and rewarding relationships; while lonely persons with unsatisfying relationships tend to have _____ comparison levels.

Using a study of 37 cultures on six continents, _____ found similar human mating patterns, which he believed represented evolved behavior patterns that still guide our choices today.

You are fighting off an attacker and see people across the street, but not looking your way.Your textbook suggested that it would be best to scream _____ to get their attention.

Human confrontations over dominance or territory almost always end up in injury or homicide.According to Konrad Lorenz, this aggression is caused by _____ in humans.

The importance of external cues for aggression is shown by the

Frustration can lead to aggression because it

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics

Appendix B: Behavioral Statistics

The personal comparison level is _ for people with histories of satisfying and rewarding relationships; while lonely persons with unsatisfying relationships tend to have _ comparison levels.