Question 1

Critics of instinct theories of aggression are most likely to challenge them on which of the following grounds?

Accepted Answer

A) Some individuals or human cultures, such as the American Quaker, the Amish, the Navajo, and the Eskimo, show little hostility or aggression. 
B) Lower animals are much more aggressive than most human groups. 
C) There are few examples of such aggressive behavior in either human or animal species. 
D) Such arguments have little intuitive appeal and are not likely to be popular. 
A) Some individuals or human cultures, such as the American Quaker, the Amish, the Navajo, and the Eskimo, show little hostility or aggression. 
B) Lower animals are much more aggressive than most human groups. 
C) There are few examples of such aggressive behavior in either human or animal species. 
D) Such arguments have little intuitive appeal and are not likely to be popular.

Question 2

Regarding the factor of competence in interpersonal attractions, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) People prefer individuals with average ability rather than those that show superior competence. 
B) People tend to like people that are competent but imperfect. 
C) People tend to like people who have superior competence in all areas with no discernible weakness. 
D) People like clumsy people because they make them feel more competent than the clumsy person. 
A) People prefer individuals with average ability rather than those that show superior competence. 
B) People tend to like people that are competent but imperfect. 
C) People tend to like people who have superior competence in all areas with no discernible weakness. 
D) People like clumsy people because they make them feel more competent than the clumsy person.

Question 3

In many _____, people try to maximize their rewards while minimizing their "costs."

Accepted Answer

A) social exchanges 
B) social comparisons 
C) mutual disclosures 
D) companionate gestures 
A) social exchanges 
B) social comparisons 
C) mutual disclosures 
D) companionate gestures

Question 4

Regarding what people look for when considering potential dating partners, Goode conducted a study in which personal ads were placed in newspapers.The four ads included a beautiful woman who was a waitress, an average-looking female lawyer, an average-looking male lawyer, and a handsome male cabdriver.The majority of men chose the _____ as a potential dating partner, while the majority of women chose the _____ as their preferred dating partner.

Accepted Answer

A) average-looking female lawyer; average-looking male lawyer 
B) beautiful woman who was a waitress; average-looking male lawyer 
C) beautiful woman who was a waitress; handsome male cabdriver 
D) average-looking female lawyer; handsome male cabdriver 
A) average-looking female lawyer; average-looking male lawyer 
B) beautiful woman who was a waitress; average-looking male lawyer 
C) beautiful woman who was a waitress; handsome male cabdriver 
D) average-looking female lawyer; handsome male cabdriver

Question 5

Hypoglycemia, allergies, and brain disorders can lower the threshold for aggression.This fact most directly supports the _____ view of aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) ethological 
B) biological 
C) modeling 
D) behavioral 
A) ethological 
B) biological 
C) modeling 
D) behavioral

Question 6

Regarding the Kitty Genovese murder, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) A relatively large number of people saw or heard the violence but did not help. 
B) The murder was originally considered an example of the breakdown of social ties in an urban environment. 
C) The murder proved that people were desensitized and apathic regarding violence because they lived in a large, impersonal city. 
D) The murder provides evidence of bystander apathy and inhibition of prosocial behaviors. 
A) A relatively large number of people saw or heard the violence but did not help. 
B) The murder was originally considered an example of the breakdown of social ties in an urban environment. 
C) The murder proved that people were desensitized and apathic regarding violence because they lived in a large, impersonal city. 
D) The murder provides evidence of bystander apathy and inhibition of prosocial behaviors.

Question 7

Where romance and dating frequency are concerned, physical attractiveness has a significant influence on

Accepted Answer

A) a man's fate. 
B) a woman's fate. 
C) the fate of both males and females. 
D) lasting relationships. 
A) a man's fate. 
B) a woman's fate. 
C) the fate of both males and females. 
D) lasting relationships.

Question 8

According to Sternberg, the form of love that only includes passion is referred to as _____ love, while the love that only includes commitment is referred to as _____ love.

Accepted Answer

A) consummate; companionate 
B) fatuous; nonlove 
C) infatuated; empty 
D) romantic; liking 
A) consummate; companionate 
B) fatuous; nonlove 
C) infatuated; empty 
D) romantic; liking

Question 9

The general rule for friendships is that the two people will be similar regarding

Accepted Answer

A) their age. 
B) their sex. 
C) their ethnicity. 
D) all of these. 
A) their age. 
B) their sex. 
C) their ethnicity. 
D) all of these.

Question 10

_____ are stimuli or signals that are associated with violent actions and include words, gestures, and angry thoughts.

Accepted Answer

A) Aggression cues 
B) Anger escalators 
C) Inhibition exemplars 
D) Disinhibition exemplars 
A) Aggression cues 
B) Anger escalators 
C) Inhibition exemplars 
D) Disinhibition exemplars

Question 11

According to Sternberg, a relationship in which commitment is based only on passion with the two partners not sharing any emotional connectedness is called _____ love.

Accepted Answer

A) fatuous 
B) companionate 
C) consummate 
D) romantic 
A) fatuous 
B) companionate 
C) consummate 
D) romantic

Question 12

Regarding similarity as a factor in interpersonal attraction, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) It is reinforcing to see our beliefs and attitudes shared by others. 
B) The general rule for friendships is that friends will be similar in age, sex, and ethnicity. 
C) In choosing a mate, we tend to marry someone who is like us in almost every way. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) It is reinforcing to see our beliefs and attitudes shared by others. 
B) The general rule for friendships is that friends will be similar in age, sex, and ethnicity. 
C) In choosing a mate, we tend to marry someone who is like us in almost every way. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 13

Physiological studies have shown that _____ can directly trigger or end aggression in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) instincts 
B) some brain areas 
C) increasing or decreasing environmental temperature 
D) specific words or gestures 
A) instincts 
B) some brain areas 
C) increasing or decreasing environmental temperature 
D) specific words or gestures

Question 14

The use of alcohol and drugs make hostile behavior more likely to occur because the alcohol and drugs

Accepted Answer

A) lower one's threshold for aggression. 
B) increase one's frustration level. 
C) create a state of learned helplessness. 
D) serve as direct cue for aggressiveness. 
A) lower one's threshold for aggression. 
B) increase one's frustration level. 
C) create a state of learned helplessness. 
D) serve as direct cue for aggressiveness.

Question 15

The pattern of homogamy explains why

Accepted Answer

A) unmarried couples have different characteristics than married couples do. 
B) married couples tend to be highly similar in terms of many characteristics. 
C) men and women tend to look for different qualities in the people they date. 
D) married couples tend to be similar with respect to some characteristics, but very different with respect to most factors. 
A) unmarried couples have different characteristics than married couples do. 
B) married couples tend to be highly similar in terms of many characteristics. 
C) men and women tend to look for different qualities in the people they date. 
D) married couples tend to be similar with respect to some characteristics, but very different with respect to most factors.

Question 16

Regarding what people look for when considering potential dating partners, Goode conducted a study in which personal ads were placed in newspapers.The four ads included a beautiful woman who was a waitress, an average-looking female lawyer, an average-looking male lawyer, and a handsome male cabdriver.Results of the study showed that in choosing a potential dating partner, the majority of

Accepted Answer

A) both men and women were more influenced by looks. 
B) both men and women were more influenced by success. 
C) men were more influenced by looks, while women were more influenced by success. 
D) men were more influenced by success, while women were more influenced by looks. 
A) both men and women were more influenced by looks. 
B) both men and women were more influenced by success. 
C) men were more influenced by looks, while women were more influenced by success. 
D) men were more influenced by success, while women were more influenced by looks.

Question 17

The determination to stay in a long-term relationship with another person is known as

Accepted Answer

A) intimacy. 
B) passion. 
C) commitment. 
D) romantic love. 
A) intimacy. 
B) passion. 
C) commitment. 
D) romantic love.

Question 18

The unwillingness of people in the vicinity of the victim to offer help during emergencies or to become involved in others' problems is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) unattached behavior. 
B) bystander apathy. 
C) desensitization. 
D) disinhibition. 
A) unattached behavior. 
B) bystander apathy. 
C) desensitization. 
D) disinhibition.

Question 19

Studies of prosocial behavior show that the more potential helpers present in an emergency, the

Accepted Answer

A) more likely people are to get involved. 
B) lower the chances that people will help. 
C) greater the personal responsibility felt by those present. 
D) lower the risk of personal injury to potential helpers. 
A) more likely people are to get involved. 
B) lower the chances that people will help. 
C) greater the personal responsibility felt by those present. 
D) lower the risk of personal injury to potential helpers.

Question 20

Often, we turn to others to evaluate our actions, feelings, or abilities.This idea is the basis for

Accepted Answer

A) gain-loss theory. 
B) social comparison theory. 
C) social exchange theory. 
D) the theory of social evaluation. 
A) gain-loss theory. 
B) social comparison theory. 
C) social exchange theory. 
D) the theory of social evaluation.

Exam 17: Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Critics of instinct theories of aggression are most likely to challenge them on which of the following grounds?

Regarding the factor of competence in interpersonal attractions, which of the following statements is TRUE?

In many _____, people try to maximize their rewards while minimizing their "costs."

Hypoglycemia, allergies, and brain disorders can lower the threshold for aggression.This fact most directly supports the _____ view of aggression.

Regarding the Kitty Genovese murder, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Where romance and dating frequency are concerned, physical attractiveness has a significant influence on

According to Sternberg, the form of love that only includes passion is referred to as _____ love, while the love that only includes commitment is referred to as _____ love.

The general rule for friendships is that the two people will be similar regarding

_____ are stimuli or signals that are associated with violent actions and include words, gestures, and angry thoughts.

According to Sternberg, a relationship in which commitment is based only on passion with the two partners not sharing any emotional connectedness is called _____ love.

Regarding similarity as a factor in interpersonal attraction, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Physiological studies have shown that _____ can directly trigger or end aggression in humans.

The use of alcohol and drugs make hostile behavior more likely to occur because the alcohol and drugs

The pattern of homogamy explains why

The determination to stay in a long-term relationship with another person is known as

The unwillingness of people in the vicinity of the victim to offer help during emergencies or to become involved in others' problems is referred to as

Studies of prosocial behavior show that the more potential helpers present in an emergency, the

Often, we turn to others to evaluate our actions, feelings, or abilities.This idea is the basis for

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics

Appendix B: Behavioral Statistics

According to Sternberg, the form of love that only includes passion is referred to as _ love, while the love that only includes commitment is referred to as _ love.