Question 1

_____ is most important when there are no objective standards by which to evaluate one's abilities, actions, or opinions.

Accepted Answer

A) Social exchange 
B) Group cohesiveness 
C) Cognitive dissonance 
D) Social comparison 
A) Social exchange 
B) Group cohesiveness 
C) Cognitive dissonance 
D) Social comparison

Question 2

Prosocial behaviors are actions that

Accepted Answer

A) are helpful to others. 
B) may encourage aggression. 
C) change the social behavior of others. 
D) influence what happens in group situations. 
A) are helpful to others. 
B) may encourage aggression. 
C) change the social behavior of others. 
D) influence what happens in group situations.

Question 3

Frustration may lead to

Accepted Answer

A) aggression. 
B) stereotyped responding. 
C) a state of "learned helplessness." 
D) any of these. 
A) aggression. 
B) stereotyped responding. 
C) a state of "learned helplessness." 
D) any of these.

Question 4

Regarding social comparisons, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) People make meaningful evaluations by comparing themselves to others who are similar to them. 
B) You may reach different conclusions about your actions and motives, depending upon whom you compare yourself to. 
C) Social comparisons influence which groups we join. 
D) If you are good at a particular skill, then it does not matter who is in the comparison group. 
A) People make meaningful evaluations by comparing themselves to others who are similar to them. 
B) You may reach different conclusions about your actions and motives, depending upon whom you compare yourself to. 
C) Social comparisons influence which groups we join. 
D) If you are good at a particular skill, then it does not matter who is in the comparison group.

Question 5

When in a large group of people, an individual's tendency to assume responsibility may be hampered because being in a group causes

Accepted Answer

A) an acknowledge of just-world beliefs. 
B) increases one's concern for his or her own safety. 
C) a diffusion of responsibility. 
D) an increase in one's arousal level so that one becomes less focused. 
A) an acknowledge of just-world beliefs. 
B) increases one's concern for his or her own safety. 
C) a diffusion of responsibility. 
D) an increase in one's arousal level so that one becomes less focused.

Question 6

Sports spectators who start fights, throw bottles, and tear down goal posts after their team wins the game illustrates the possibility that aggression

Accepted Answer

A) can occur in the absence of frustration. 
B) is encouraged by any frustration that makes people uncomfortable. 
C) can be caused by a state of "learned helplessness." 
D) is caused by instinctual drives that require catharsis to lower one's aggressiveness. 
A) can occur in the absence of frustration. 
B) is encouraged by any frustration that makes people uncomfortable. 
C) can be caused by a state of "learned helplessness." 
D) is caused by instinctual drives that require catharsis to lower one's aggressiveness.

Question 7

Comparing yourself with a person who ranks higher than you on some dimension is referred to as _____ comparison.

Accepted Answer

A) unilateral 
B) downward 
C) upward 
D) bilateral 
A) unilateral 
B) downward 
C) upward 
D) bilateral

Question 8

Which statement about physical attractiveness is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Beauty is a factor mainly in initial acquaintances. 
B) Looks are less related to dating frequency for men than for women. 
C) We expect beautiful people to be more honest and concerned about others. 
D) Good-looking people are less lonely, less socially anxious, more socially-skilled, and more sexually experienced than unattractive people. 
A) Beauty is a factor mainly in initial acquaintances. 
B) Looks are less related to dating frequency for men than for women. 
C) We expect beautiful people to be more honest and concerned about others. 
D) Good-looking people are less lonely, less socially anxious, more socially-skilled, and more sexually experienced than unattractive people.

Question 9

Generally, the balance of rewards and costs within a relationship is judged in comparison with

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of self-disclosure that is currently occurring within the relationship. 
B) our beliefs about what a "perfect" relationship should be. 
C) our evaluation of the personality traits of other person in the relationship. 
D) what we have come to expect from past experiences. 
A) the amount of self-disclosure that is currently occurring within the relationship. 
B) our beliefs about what a "perfect" relationship should be. 
C) our evaluation of the personality traits of other person in the relationship. 
D) what we have come to expect from past experiences.

Question 10

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be part of mutual absorption?

Accepted Answer

A) paying almost exclusive attention to one another 
B) an actor-observer bias in explaining one's feelings 
C) consistent eye contact and other forms of body language 
D) a tendency to idealize one's partner 
A) paying almost exclusive attention to one another 
B) an actor-observer bias in explaining one's feelings 
C) consistent eye contact and other forms of body language 
D) a tendency to idealize one's partner

Question 11

The desire to associate with others describes our need to

Accepted Answer

A) affiliate. 
B) dominate others. 
C) be acknowledged. 
D) conform. 
A) affiliate. 
B) dominate others. 
C) be acknowledged. 
D) conform.

Question 12

Arlo and Margaret have been married for 30 years.Since their children left home, they have nothing to talk about.It is almost like two "strangers" living in the same household, each with their own interests.The passion has also waned in their relationship.Both have contemplated divorce, but have decide to stay married because of children and because it would be so hard to divide their accumulated possessions and to start over again.According to Robert Sternberg, which type of love do Arlo and Margaret possess?

Accepted Answer

A) fatuous love 
B) companionate love 
C) nonlove 
D) empty love 
A) fatuous love 
B) companionate love 
C) nonlove 
D) empty love

Question 13

Pablo has always found it relatively easy to get close to others.He regards himself as friendly, good-natured, and likeable; and he thinks of other people as generally well-intentioned, reliable, and trustworthy.According to Latty-Mann and Davis' research on adult attachment styles, Pablo would be described as having a(n) _____ attachment style?

Accepted Answer

A) secure 
B) immature 
C) ambivalent 
D) dependent 
A) secure 
B) immature 
C) ambivalent 
D) dependent

Question 14

When it comes to the relationship between biology and aggression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Research has found specific biological factors that are considered direct causes of aggression. 
B) The effects of alcohol and other drugs support the role of biological factors in aggression. 
C) The fact that we are biologically capable of aggression does not mean that aggression is inevitable in people. 
D) The influence of brain injuries and hormones on people's behavior suggest that there is a biological basis for aggression. 
A) Research has found specific biological factors that are considered direct causes of aggression. 
B) The effects of alcohol and other drugs support the role of biological factors in aggression. 
C) The fact that we are biologically capable of aggression does not mean that aggression is inevitable in people. 
D) The influence of brain injuries and hormones on people's behavior suggest that there is a biological basis for aggression.

Question 15

Regarding Sternberg's triangular theory of love, consummate love involves

Accepted Answer

A) intimacy and commitment. 
B) passion and commitment. 
C) intimacy and passion. 
D) intimacy, passion, and commitment. 
A) intimacy and commitment. 
B) passion and commitment. 
C) intimacy and passion. 
D) intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Question 16

In the "Zilstein" experiment conducted by Schachter, the women were frightened in order to study

Accepted Answer

A) obedience. 
B) conformity. 
C) affiliation. 
D) social roles. 
A) obedience. 
B) conformity. 
C) affiliation. 
D) social roles.

Question 17

To which element of interpersonal attraction is the term homogamy most related?

Accepted Answer

A) competence 
B) similarity 
C) physical attractiveness 
D) proximity 
A) competence 
B) similarity 
C) physical attractiveness 
D) proximity

Question 18

In North America, male friendships are _____ based and female friendships are _____.

Accepted Answer

A) activity; based on sharing feelings. 
B) attraction; based on activity 
C) feeling; based on activity 
D) activity; based on attraction 
A) activity; based on sharing feelings. 
B) attraction; based on activity 
C) feeling; based on activity 
D) activity; based on attraction

Question 19

Felisia finishes her psychology test and goes outside and joins a group of students who are discussing the test.Felisia asks the group, "Didn't you think those last four questions were hard? Did the teacher go over that material?" The other students agree with Felisia that the questions were extremely difficult thus giving Felisia an idea of how her opinion "stacks" up to the opinions of others.This illustrates Felisia's use of

Accepted Answer

A) social exchange. 
B) group cohesiveness. 
C) cognitive dissonance. 
D) social comparison. 
A) social exchange. 
B) group cohesiveness. 
C) cognitive dissonance. 
D) social comparison.

Question 20

_____ refers to the tendency we have to marry someone who is similar to us in almost every way.

Accepted Answer

A) Monogamy 
B) Status equalities 
C) Homogamy 
D) The actor-observer bias 
A) Monogamy 
B) Status equalities 
C) Homogamy 
D) The actor-observer bias

Exam 17: Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

_____ is most important when there are no objective standards by which to evaluate one's abilities, actions, or opinions.

Prosocial behaviors are actions that

Frustration may lead to

Regarding social comparisons, which of the following statements is FALSE?

When in a large group of people, an individual's tendency to assume responsibility may be hampered because being in a group causes

Sports spectators who start fights, throw bottles, and tear down goal posts after their team wins the game illustrates the possibility that aggression

Comparing yourself with a person who ranks higher than you on some dimension is referred to as _____ comparison.

Which statement about physical attractiveness is FALSE?

Generally, the balance of rewards and costs within a relationship is judged in comparison with

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be part of mutual absorption?

The desire to associate with others describes our need to

When it comes to the relationship between biology and aggression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Regarding Sternberg's triangular theory of love, consummate love involves

In the "Zilstein" experiment conducted by Schachter, the women were frightened in order to study

To which element of interpersonal attraction is the term homogamy most related?

In North America, male friendships are _____ based and female friendships are _____.

_____ refers to the tendency we have to marry someone who is similar to us in almost every way.

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics

Appendix B: Behavioral Statistics

Filters

In North America, male friendships are _ based and female friendships are _.