Question 1

An eyewitness's confidence is a good predictor that the testimony will be accurate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Enhanced perceptual accuracy can be achieved through

Accepted Answer

A) unconscious transference. 
B) actively attending to stimuli. 
C) attempting to do three or four things simultaneously. 
D) altered states of consciousness. 
A) unconscious transference. 
B) actively attending to stimuli. 
C) attempting to do three or four things simultaneously. 
D) altered states of consciousness.

Question 3

Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow believed that some people perceive themselves and others with unusual accuracy.He characterized these people as especially alive,open,aware,and mentally healthy and found that their perceptual styles were marked by a lack of self-consciousness;freedom from selecting,criticizing,or evaluating;a general "surrender" to experience;and an immersion in the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow believed that some...

Question 4

Regarding the Müller­Lyer illusion,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) This illusion can be explained by our experience with the edges and corners of rooms and buildings. 
B) This illusion can be explained by size-distance relationships. 
C) The San bushmen,who live in a "round" culture,experience this illusion in exactly the same way as Americans,who live in a "square" culture. 
D) Cues that suggest a three-dimensional space alter the perception of this two-dimensional design. 
A) This illusion can be explained by our experience with the edges and corners of rooms and buildings. 
B) This illusion can be explained by size-distance relationships. 
C) The San bushmen,who live in a "round" culture,experience this illusion in exactly the same way as Americans,who live in a "square" culture. 
D) Cues that suggest a three-dimensional space alter the perception of this two-dimensional design.

Question 5

With regard to eyewitness testimony,a victim's testimony is usually more accurate than individuals who just
observed the event occurring.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When a person first begins to use a computer,he or she has to deliberately pay attention to specific stimuli,such as icons,commands,and signals.These experiences changed how the person's brain processes information about this technology known as a computer.This change is called

Accepted Answer

A) sensory adaptation. 
B) sensory habituation. 
C) perceptual accommodation. 
D) perceptual learning. 
A) sensory adaptation. 
B) sensory habituation. 
C) perceptual accommodation. 
D) perceptual learning.

Question 7

Because Robin has more experience with people from her own race,she is better able to recognize people from her own race because she is more familiar with the features that help us recognize different persons.This illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A) habituation. 
B) sensory adaptation. 
C) perceptual learning. 
D) dishabituation. 
A) habituation. 
B) sensory adaptation. 
C) perceptual learning. 
D) dishabituation.

Question 8

Ramon frequently tries foods that he normally does not eat and reads political opinions very different from his own. By seeking out these out-of-the ordinary experiences,he hopes to increase his

Accepted Answer

A) habituation. 
B) perceptual sets. 
C) perceptual accuracy. 
D) unconscious transference. 
A) habituation. 
B) perceptual sets. 
C) perceptual accuracy. 
D) unconscious transference.

Question 9

You are a juror in a robbery case.You are listening to the testimony of two eyewitnesses,one was robbed at gun- point on the street at night and one who observed the robbery from a distance.Describe the factors that could affect the accuracy of these eyewitness perceptions.

Accepted Answer

Amswer will include that an eyewitness's

Question 10

Most of us tend to look at a tree and classify it into the perceptual category of "trees in general" without really appreciating the miracle standing before us.When we take the time to stop and pay attention to "this miracle" that we previously ignored,then we are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) habituation. 
B) deductive reasoning. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) dishabituation. 
A) habituation. 
B) deductive reasoning. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) dishabituation.

Question 11

One study of eyewitness cases found that the percentage of time that a wrong person was chosen from police lineups was _______ percent.

Accepted Answer

25
twenty-

Question 12

The San bushmen,who live in a "round" culture,experience the Müller­Lyer illusion in exactly the same way as Americans,who live in a "square" culture,experience it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following refers to changes in the brain that alter how we process sensory information so that we can focus on just one part of a group of stimuli rather than processing all of the stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A) sensory adaptation 
B) sensory habituation 
C) perceptual learning 
D) perceptual accommodation 
A) sensory adaptation 
B) sensory habituation 
C) perceptual learning 
D) perceptual accommodation

Question 14

A general conclusion that one might draw from the relationship between San bushmen's experiences and their perception of the Müller­Lyer illusion is that

Accepted Answer

A) past experience and perceptual habits play a role in determining human perception. 
B) some principles of perception are universal. 
C) people cannot trust their own senses because they can never provide completely reliable knowledge. 
D) perception has a more powerful effect on experience than experience on perception. 
A) past experience and perceptual habits play a role in determining human perception. 
B) some principles of perception are universal. 
C) people cannot trust their own senses because they can never provide completely reliable knowledge. 
D) perception has a more powerful effect on experience than experience on perception.

Question 15

When you download a new song from iTunes,the music initially holds your attention all the way through.But when the song becomes "old," it may play without you really attending to it.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) habituation. 
B) sensory gating. 
C) perseveration. 
D) dishabituation. 
A) habituation. 
B) sensory gating. 
C) perseveration. 
D) dishabituation.

Question 16

Concerning eyewitness testimony,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) More than 300 people who were convicted of murder,rape,and other crimes in the United States based on eyewitness testimony have been exonerated by DNA testing. 
B) An eyewitness's perception and memory for an event may be affected by his or her attitudes and expectations. 
C) Our everyday perceptions are rarely as inaccurate or distorted as those of an emotional eyewitness to a crime. 
D) Personal objectivity requires frequent reality testing to maintain. 
A) More than 300 people who were convicted of murder,rape,and other crimes in the United States based on eyewitness testimony have been exonerated by DNA testing. 
B) An eyewitness's perception and memory for an event may be affected by his or her attitudes and expectations. 
C) Our everyday perceptions are rarely as inaccurate or distorted as those of an emotional eyewitness to a crime. 
D) Personal objectivity requires frequent reality testing to maintain.

Question 17

While you are driving,you make an illegal lane change and see a flashing light behind you.You immediately think,"Ticket time" and prepare to pull over.But as the car behind you draws nearer,you see that is is just a car with a vivid turn signal.Your behavior regarding the flashing light illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) dishabituation. 
B) a perceptual set. 
C) reality testing. 
D) precognition. 
A) dishabituation. 
B) a perceptual set. 
C) reality testing. 
D) precognition.

Question 18

Creative people habituate

Accepted Answer

A) more slowly than average. 
B) more rapidly than average. 
C) more often during creative production. 
D) to unfamiliar stimuli. 
A) more slowly than average. 
B) more rapidly than average. 
C) more often during creative production. 
D) to unfamiliar stimuli.

Question 19

One explanation for the greatly differing accounts of the same athletic contest by fans of opposing teams involves the

Accepted Answer

A) confusion of cause and effect. 
B) effect of motives on perception. 
C) habituation of familiar stimuli. 
D) effect of sublimation on memory. 
A) confusion of cause and effect. 
B) effect of motives on perception. 
C) habituation of familiar stimuli. 
D) effect of sublimation on memory.

Question 20

Regarding culture and perception,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The society we live in can influence our most basic perceptual habits. 
B) The differences in perceptual style influence the artistic and esthetic preferences expressed in Eastern and Western art. 
C) East Asians tend to explain a person's actions in terms of the social context,while European Americans perceive actions in terms of internal factors. 
D) Western cultures have a broader focus of attention,while Eastern cultures have a relatively narrow focus of attention. 
A) The society we live in can influence our most basic perceptual habits. 
B) The differences in perceptual style influence the artistic and esthetic preferences expressed in Eastern and Western art. 
C) East Asians tend to explain a person's actions in terms of the social context,while European Americans perceive actions in terms of internal factors. 
D) Western cultures have a broader focus of attention,while Eastern cultures have a relatively narrow focus of attention.

Exam 22: Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity

An eyewitness's confidence is a good predictor that the testimony will be accurate.

Enhanced perceptual accuracy can be achieved through

Regarding the Müller­Lyer illusion,which of the following statements is FALSE?

With regard to eyewitness testimony,a victim's testimony is usually more accurate than individuals who just observed the event occurring.

When a person first begins to use a computer,he or she has to deliberately pay attention to specific stimuli,such as icons,commands,and signals.These experiences changed how the person's brain processes information about this technology known as a computer.This change is called

Because Robin has more experience with people from her own race,she is better able to recognize people from her own race because she is more familiar with the features that help us recognize different persons.This illustrates the importance of

Ramon frequently tries foods that he normally does not eat and reads political opinions very different from his own. By seeking out these out-of-the ordinary experiences,he hopes to increase his

You are a juror in a robbery case.You are listening to the testimony of two eyewitnesses,one was robbed at gun- point on the street at night and one who observed the robbery from a distance.Describe the factors that could affect the accuracy of these eyewitness perceptions.

Most of us tend to look at a tree and classify it into the perceptual category of "trees in general" without really appreciating the miracle standing before us.When we take the time to stop and pay attention to "this miracle" that we previously ignored,then we are exhibiting

One study of eyewitness cases found that the percentage of time that a wrong person was chosen from police lineups was _______ percent.

The San bushmen,who live in a "round" culture,experience the Müller­Lyer illusion in exactly the same way as Americans,who live in a "square" culture,experience it.

Which of the following refers to changes in the brain that alter how we process sensory information so that we can focus on just one part of a group of stimuli rather than processing all of the stimuli?

A general conclusion that one might draw from the relationship between San bushmen's experiences and their perception of the Müller­Lyer illusion is that

When you download a new song from iTunes,the music initially holds your attention all the way through.But when the song becomes "old," it may play without you really attending to it.This illustrates

Concerning eyewitness testimony,which of the following statements is FALSE?

While you are driving,you make an illegal lane change and see a flashing light behind you.You immediately think,"Ticket time" and prepare to pull over.But as the car behind you draws nearer,you see that is is just a car with a vivid turn signal.Your behavior regarding the flashing light illustrates

Creative people habituate

One explanation for the greatly differing accounts of the same athletic contest by fans of opposing teams involves the

Regarding culture and perception,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Introduction

How to Study Psychology

Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now

Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

Introducing Psychology: Non-Experimental Research Methods

Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically About the Media

Brain and Behavior: Neurons and the Nervous System

Brain and Behavior: Brain Research

Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex

Brain and Behavior: Sub-Cortex and Endocrine System

Psychology in Action: Handedness

Human Development: Heredity and Environment

Human Development: Emotional and Social Development in Childhood

Human Development: Language and Cognitive Development in Childhood

Human Development: Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness

Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes

Sensation and Perception: Vision

Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses

Sensation and Perception: Perceptual Processes

Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception

Consciousness: States of Consciousness

Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams

Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs

Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams

Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning

Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Operant Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment

Psychology in Action: Behavioral Self-Management

Memory: Memory Systems

Memory: Forgetting

Memory: Exceptional Memory and Improving Memory

Psychology in Action: Mnemonics

Cognition and Intelligence: Imagery, Concepts, and Language

Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving

Cognition and Intelligence: Creative Thinking and Intuition

Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence

Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity

Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions

Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail

Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail

Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence

Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation

Human Sexuality: Gender Development, Androgyny, and Gender Variance

Human Sexuality: Sexual Behavior, Response, and Attitudes

Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems

Personality: Overview of Personality

Personality: Trait Theories

Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness

Health, Stress, and Coping: Health Psychology

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress, Frustration, and Conflict

Health, Stress, and Coping: Defenses, Helplessness, and Depression

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress and Health

Psychology in Action: Stress Management

Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology

Psychological Disorders: Psychosis, Delusional Disorders, and Schizophrenia

Regarding the MüllerLyer illusion,which of the following statements is FALSE?

The San bushmen,who live in a "round" culture,experience the MüllerLyer illusion in exactly the same way as Americans,who live in a "square" culture,experience it.

A general conclusion that one might draw from the relationship between San bushmen's experiences and their perception of the MüllerLyer illusion is that