Question 1

East Asians tend to have a relatively narrow focus of attention,while European Americans have a broader focus of attention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

To become a better "eyewitness" to life,you should do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) seek out-of-the-ordinary experiences. 
B) increase your perceptual sets. 
C) engage in reality testing. 
D) pay attention to other people and your surroundings. 
A) seek out-of-the-ordinary experiences. 
B) increase your perceptual sets. 
C) engage in reality testing. 
D) pay attention to other people and your surroundings.

Question 3

Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow believed that some people perceive themselves and others with unusual accuracy.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of these people?

Accepted Answer

A) immersion in the present 
B) a lack of self-consciousness 
C) open,aware,and mentally healthy 
D) selects,criticizes,and evaluates 
A) immersion in the present 
B) a lack of self-consciousness 
C) open,aware,and mentally healthy 
D) selects,criticizes,and evaluates

Question 4

Creative people habituate more slowly than average.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to Maslow,people who perceive their world more accurately than others tend to be characterized by immersion in the present and a lack of self-consciousness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If you are riding in a car and are running low on gas,your attention will shift to gas stations.This is an example of the influence of

Accepted Answer

A) habituation. 
B) divided attention. 
C) motives. 
D) inattentional blindness. 
A) habituation. 
B) divided attention. 
C) motives. 
D) inattentional blindness.

Question 7

Regarding eyewitness testimony,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Eyewitnesses sometimes experience unconscious transference in which they identify as a culprit someone they have seen in another situation or context. 
B) Eyewitnesses are better at identifying members of other races than they are at identifying people of their own race. 
C) Eyewitness testimony about an event often reflects not only what was actually seen,but also information obtained later on. 
D) An eyewitness's testimony about an event can be affected by how the questions for the witness are worded. 
A) Eyewitnesses sometimes experience unconscious transference in which they identify as a culprit someone they have seen in another situation or context. 
B) Eyewitnesses are better at identifying members of other races than they are at identifying people of their own race. 
C) Eyewitness testimony about an event often reflects not only what was actually seen,but also information obtained later on. 
D) An eyewitness's testimony about an event can be affected by how the questions for the witness are worded.

Question 8

Some research indicates that,compared to witnesses of crimes,victims of crimes are

Accepted Answer

A) more accurate in their accounts of the event. 
B) about equally accurate in their accounts of the event. 
C) less accurate in their accounts of the event. 
D) less accurate in their accounts when the crime is a violent one. 
A) more accurate in their accounts of the event. 
B) about equally accurate in their accounts of the event. 
C) less accurate in their accounts of the event. 
D) less accurate in their accounts when the crime is a violent one.

Question 9

Recent experiments on eyewitness testimony have shown that the relationship between a person's confidence in his or her testimony and its accuracy

Accepted Answer

A) depends upon whether the witness is male or female. 
B) depends upon whether the witness has at least a high school education. 
C) has almost no relationship. 
D) is more suspect for children than for adults. 
A) depends upon whether the witness is male or female. 
B) depends upon whether the witness has at least a high school education. 
C) has almost no relationship. 
D) is more suspect for children than for adults.

Question 10

In general,learning tends to create

Accepted Answer

A) dishabituation. 
B) stereoscopic vision. 
C) habitual revision. 
D) perceptual habits. 
A) dishabituation. 
B) stereoscopic vision. 
C) habitual revision. 
D) perceptual habits.

Question 11

You enter a class and sit by a student,who tells you that Dr.Martin is hard and boring and does not care whether the students learn or not.At the end of the lecture,a friend asks you about Dr.Martin's class,and you tell her that a student you met before class was "certainly right" about Dr.Martin.His lecture was boring,and he does not care about his students.Your friend replies that he was the "best professor" she ever had,that he graded fairly,told interesting stories,and was always willing to help the students after class.Your original view of the teacher was due to

Accepted Answer

A) a perceptual set. 
B) precognition. 
C) bottom-up processing. 
D) dishabituation. 
A) a perceptual set. 
B) precognition. 
C) bottom-up processing. 
D) dishabituation.

Question 12

According to your textbook,your perceptual accuracy can be enhanced by

Accepted Answer

A) creating perceptual sets. 
B) seeking out-of-the ordinary experiences. 
C) increasing habituation to most stimuli. 
D) using labels and stereotypes to speed up intuitive thinking. 
A) creating perceptual sets. 
B) seeking out-of-the ordinary experiences. 
C) increasing habituation to most stimuli. 
D) using labels and stereotypes to speed up intuitive thinking.

Question 13

According to Maslow,people who perceive their world more accurately than others tend to be characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) immersion in episodic memories. 
B) egocentrism. 
C) a freedom from selecting,criticizing,and evaluating. 
D) self-consciousness. 
A) immersion in episodic memories. 
B) egocentrism. 
C) a freedom from selecting,criticizing,and evaluating. 
D) self-consciousness.

Question 14

In order to increase his perceptual accuracy,Brad tries to look at friends and family members as if they were persons he has just met for the first time.He is trying to

Accepted Answer

A) interrupt habituation. 
B) create perceptual sets. 
C) classify people into the ten personality types. 
D) better understand his motives and emotions. 
A) interrupt habituation. 
B) create perceptual sets. 
C) classify people into the ten personality types. 
D) better understand his motives and emotions.

Question 15

In the young woman/old woman illustration in your textbook,the effect of seeing either the picture of the "old woman" or the picture of the "young woman" first will lead a person to respond in a particular way to the third picture in which both an "old" and a "young" woman can be seen.Seeing the first picture of either the "old" or the "young" woman created which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) stereoscopic vision 
B) habituation 
C) psychological closure 
D) perceptual expectancy 
A) stereoscopic vision 
B) habituation 
C) psychological closure 
D) perceptual expectancy

Question 16

The famous illusion in which a horizontal line with arrowheads appears shorter than the line with V's (although the lines are actually identical in length) is known as the _______ illusion.

Accepted Answer

Müller­Lye

Exam 22: Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity

East Asians tend to have a relatively narrow focus of attention,while European Americans have a broader focus of attention.

To become a better "eyewitness" to life,you should do all of the following EXCEPT

Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow believed that some people perceive themselves and others with unusual accuracy.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of these people?

Creative people habituate more slowly than average.

According to Maslow,people who perceive their world more accurately than others tend to be characterized by immersion in the present and a lack of self-consciousness.

If you are riding in a car and are running low on gas,your attention will shift to gas stations.This is an example of the influence of

Regarding eyewitness testimony,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Some research indicates that,compared to witnesses of crimes,victims of crimes are

Recent experiments on eyewitness testimony have shown that the relationship between a person's confidence in his or her testimony and its accuracy

In general,learning tends to create

According to your textbook,your perceptual accuracy can be enhanced by

According to Maslow,people who perceive their world more accurately than others tend to be characterized by

In order to increase his perceptual accuracy,Brad tries to look at friends and family members as if they were persons he has just met for the first time.He is trying to

The famous illusion in which a horizontal line with arrowheads appears shorter than the line with V's (although the lines are actually identical in length) is known as the _______ illusion.

Introduction

How to Study Psychology

Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now

Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

Introducing Psychology: Non-Experimental Research Methods

Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically About the Media

Brain and Behavior: Neurons and the Nervous System

Brain and Behavior: Brain Research

Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex

Brain and Behavior: Sub-Cortex and Endocrine System

Psychology in Action: Handedness

Human Development: Heredity and Environment

Human Development: Emotional and Social Development in Childhood

Human Development: Language and Cognitive Development in Childhood

Human Development: Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness

Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes

Sensation and Perception: Vision

Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses

Sensation and Perception: Perceptual Processes

Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception

Consciousness: States of Consciousness

Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams

Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs

Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams

Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning

Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Operant Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment

Psychology in Action: Behavioral Self-Management

Memory: Memory Systems

Memory: Forgetting

Memory: Exceptional Memory and Improving Memory

Psychology in Action: Mnemonics

Cognition and Intelligence: Imagery, Concepts, and Language

Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving

Cognition and Intelligence: Creative Thinking and Intuition

Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence

Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity

Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions

Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail

Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail

Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence

Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation

Human Sexuality: Gender Development, Androgyny, and Gender Variance

Human Sexuality: Sexual Behavior, Response, and Attitudes

Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems

Personality: Overview of Personality

Personality: Trait Theories

Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness

Health, Stress, and Coping: Health Psychology

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress, Frustration, and Conflict

Health, Stress, and Coping: Defenses, Helplessness, and Depression

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress and Health

Psychology in Action: Stress Management

Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology

Psychological Disorders: Psychosis, Delusional Disorders, and Schizophrenia

Psychological Disorders: Mood Disorders

Psychological Disorders: Anxiety-Based Disorders and Personality Disorders

Psychology in Action: Suicide

Therapies: Treating Psychological Distress

Therapies: Humanistic and Cognitive Therapies