Exam 38: Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving

Expertise allows for fast,fairly effortless (experiential)thinking based on experience with similar problems called __________ processing.

You are asked to plant four small trees so that each is an equal distance from all the others.If you believe that the trees all have to be planted on level ground,you will be unable to correctly answer this problem because you are exhibiting

Claudia's failure to see that a trash bag would make an excellent makeshift raincoat is an example of

A corporate manager who wants to solve a business problem but becomes stern and angry when members of his marketing team joke playfully about possible solutions is exhibiting a perceptual barrier to problem solving.

Problem-solving strategies that reduce the number of steps necessary to solve a problem are called

An algorithmic solution to a problem is one in which

Sometimes students are so intent on meeting the page minimum requirement on a term paper that they fail to include the other important requirements for this paper.These students are exhibiting which barrier to problem- solving?

Insight tends to be based on

Solutions to problems that are based on understanding are characterized by

A cook does not have any clean mixing bowls and has no way to wash them.If this cook fails to see that he could use a frying pan or part of his double boiler as a mixing bowl,he is exhibiting which barrier to problem-solving?

You are working on a group project with three other students,who appear to already be friends.You have some suggestions you would like to make,but decide to just follow the other members' ideas,because you do not believe your ideas would be accepted.This illustrates which type of barrier to problem solving?

One day,a classmate with whom you've been trying to go out socially gives you her phone number on a napkin.You put the napkin in your pocket,planning to save the number in your phone later.Unfortunately,you forget to save the number and wash your jeans without taking out the napkin.Now all you can piece together of the phone number are the first six digits.If you go to the phone and dial the first six digits plus "0",then dial the first six digits plus "1",then dial the first six digits plus "2",etc.until you dial the correct number,you are solving the problem by

A corporate manager wants to solve a business problem but becomes stern and angry when members of his marketing team joke playfully about possible solutions.This manager is exhibiting which barrier to problem solving?

Most people use trial­and­error when they first try to solve the Rubik's cube puzzle or read the printed instructions. However,in order to solve the Rubik's cube puzzle consistently,a person must

Almost everyone who has tried to play a poker game like Texas Hold'Em begins at the mechanical level of

Amateur naturalists usually begin painfully identifying the birds,butterflies,mammals,or plants they find by mechanically searching through published field guides until they find the correct species name and description.These amateur naturalists are identifying through which type of problem-solving?

According to Psychologist Janet Davidson,a person who is able to evaluate new problems by contrasting them with old information or with problems already solved is good at

Approaching a problem by using a learned set of rules produces a solution that is achieved by

Habits that lead to a failure to identify important elements of a problem are referred to as which type of barrier to problem-solving?

Common mental blocks that can hinder problem-solving include all of the following types EXCEPT for __________ barriers.