Exam 5: Section 5: Learning

Which of the following advertising techniques is based on classical conditioning principles?

Ivan conditioned his pet bloodhound, Watson, to drool every time the doorbell rang. After a few weeks, he got tired of mopping up the puddle of drool by his front door, so he repeatedly rang the doorbell without pairing the sound with food. Eventually, the process of _____ occurred, and Watson stopped drooling every time the doorbell rang.

In the famous "Little Albert" study, what was the conditioned stimulus?

If an action is negatively reinforced, it is _____ likely to be repeated. If an action is positively reinforced, it is _____ likely to be repeated.

In his original studies of digestion, Pavlov placed food on a dog's tongue to make the dog salivate. In this situation, the food is a(n) _____ stimulus and the dog salivating is a(n) _____ response.

In dogs, learned helplessness could be overcome by:

"Responses followed by a satisfying effect are strengthened and likely to occur again in a particular situation, but responses followed by a dissatisfying effect are weakened and less likely to occur again in a particular situation." What principle does this statement describe?

Sarah gets a weekly allowance, but only if all of her chores are completed by 5 P.M. on Friday night. Although Sarah does some work around the house during the week, most of her chores are done in a burst of activity after she comes home from school on Friday afternoon. Sarah's behavior is being maintained on a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

The _____ served as the foundation for what Pavlov eventually referred to as classical conditioning.

According to _____, a rat learning to navigate a maze will eventually acquire _____.

Whenever her cell phone vibrates, Akiko immediately retrieves her phone to see who is texting her. The majority of the time, Akiko also answers the text right away. In this scenario, the vibrating cell phone is a(n) _____ for Akiko's response.

Which psychologists strongly insisted that psychology should only study observable behaviors, not mental processes or consciousness?

Gabe got stuck in an elevator in a high-rise office building one morning. Now he refuses to enter an elevator. If "entering an elevator" is the operant, what type of consequence has altered Gabe's behavior?

While his exhausted mother was taking a nap, four-year-old Dennis decided to help her out by doing the laundry. He dragged a stool over to the washing machine, stuffed clothes into it, turned it on, and dumped a box of detergent on top of the clothes. Which psychologist and which learning theory could BEST explain Dennis's behavior?

_____ was the researcher who proclaimed, "The animal behaves like a scientist, detecting causal relations among events and using a range of information about those events to make relevant inferences."

Based on a review of more than 30 years of research, the American Psychological Association and other public health organizations stated that viewing entertainment violence:

According to Bandura, what four cognitive processes are necessary for imitation of observed behavior?

According to B. F. Skinner, psychology should restrict itself to the study of:

Research with rats has revealed that taste aversions can be produced when the interval between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is:

During a severe thunderstorm, Christopher was talking on the phone with his girlfriend when lightning struck the house and the electrical shock traveled through the telephone wire. Christopher received a strong shock and the fright of his life. Although he wasn't severely injured, he developed an intense fear of lightning and thunderstorms. However, Christopher did NOT develop a fear of telephones or his girlfriend. Which concept helps explain this fact?