Question 1

What happens during a refractory period?

Accepted Answer

A) The neuron becomes polarized for the first time. 
B) The neuron reestablishes the negative-inside/positive-outside condition. 
C) Neurotransmitters are blocked by dendrites. 
D) Dopamine reaches its peak levels. 
A) The neuron becomes polarized for the first time. 
B) The neuron reestablishes the negative-inside/positive-outside condition. 
C) Neurotransmitters are blocked by dendrites. 
D) Dopamine reaches its peak levels. B

Question 2

The _____ is the largest region of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) midbrain 
B) hindbrain 
C) forebrain 
D) pons 
A) midbrain 
B) hindbrain 
C) forebrain 
D) pons C

Question 3

Most left-handed people are:

Accepted Answer

A) right-hemisphere dominant for language, the opposite pattern as right-handed people. 
B) left-hemisphere dominant for language, like most right-handed people. 
C) bilateral, using both hemispheres equally for virtually all tasks, including speech and language tasks. 
D) right-hemisphere dominant for language in their childhood but become increasingly left-hemisphere dominant by early adulthood. 
A) right-hemisphere dominant for language, the opposite pattern as right-handed people. 
B) left-hemisphere dominant for language, like most right-handed people. 
C) bilateral, using both hemispheres equally for virtually all tasks, including speech and language tasks. 
D) right-hemisphere dominant for language in their childhood but become increasingly left-hemisphere dominant by early adulthood. B

Question 4

According to your textbook, _____ is associated with increased endorphin levels.

Accepted Answer

A) nicotine addiction 
B) heavy consumption of alcohol 
C) muscle rigidity during aerobic exercises 
D) the pain-relieving effect of acupuncture 
A) nicotine addiction 
B) heavy consumption of alcohol 
C) muscle rigidity during aerobic exercises 
D) the pain-relieving effect of acupuncture

Question 5

The development of new neurons in the brain is called:

Accepted Answer

A) neurogenesis. 
B) structural plasticity. 
C) neuroplasticity. 
D) functional plasticity. 
A) neurogenesis. 
B) structural plasticity. 
C) neuroplasticity. 
D) functional plasticity.

Question 6

The _____ is the main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system.

Accepted Answer

A) cerebellum 
B) hypothalamus 
C) pineal gland 
D) amygdala 
A) cerebellum 
B) hypothalamus 
C) pineal gland 
D) amygdala

Question 7

The brainstem is made up of several structures, which include the:

Accepted Answer

A) thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala. 
B) medulla, pons, cerebellum, reticular formation, and midbrain, including the substantia nigra. 
C) temporal lobe, parietal lobe, the occipital lobe, and frontal lobe. 
D) corpus callosum, cerebral cortex, and the structures that make up the limbic system. 
A) thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala. 
B) medulla, pons, cerebellum, reticular formation, and midbrain, including the substantia nigra. 
C) temporal lobe, parietal lobe, the occipital lobe, and frontal lobe. 
D) corpus callosum, cerebral cortex, and the structures that make up the limbic system.

Question 8

In general, neural messages are received by the _____ and transmitted by the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) cell body; dendrites 
B) axons; nucleus 
C) dendrites; axon 
D) axon; dendrites 
A) cell body; dendrites 
B) axons; nucleus 
C) dendrites; axon 
D) axon; dendrites

Question 9

Michael takes medication that increases _____ levels to help control symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Accepted Answer

A) endorphin 
B) serotonin 
C) GABA 
D) dopamine 
A) endorphin 
B) serotonin 
C) GABA 
D) dopamine

Question 10

When neurotransmitters communicate an inhibitory message to the postsynaptic neuron:

Accepted Answer

A) reuptake is inhibited. 
B) the presynaptic neuron is less likely to activate. 
C) the action potential is canceled out. 
D) the postsynaptic neuron is less likely to activate. 
A) reuptake is inhibited. 
B) the presynaptic neuron is less likely to activate. 
C) the action potential is canceled out. 
D) the postsynaptic neuron is less likely to activate.

Question 11

Janeen and Marty were strolling down a wooded path in a city park when a man holding a knife suddenly jumped out of the shrubbery. Rather than fight, Janeen and Marty decided to flee and took off, running in the opposite direction. This quick reaction reflects the fight-or-flight response, which is triggered by the _____ nervous system, which stimulates the_____ to produce _____.

Accepted Answer

A) somatic; adrenal medulla; dopamine and serotonin 
B) parasympathetic; adrenal cortex; melatonin and androgen 
C) sympathetic; adrenal medulla; epinephrine and norepinephrine 
D) central; hypothalamus; GABA and dopamine 
A) somatic; adrenal medulla; dopamine and serotonin 
B) parasympathetic; adrenal cortex; melatonin and androgen 
C) sympathetic; adrenal medulla; epinephrine and norepinephrine 
D) central; hypothalamus; GABA and dopamine

Question 12

_____ represent bundles of axons that are _____ to see with the unaided eye.

Accepted Answer

A) Nerves; mostly large enough 
B) Interneurons; too small 
C) Neurons; mostly large enough 
D) Chemical messengers; too small 
A) Nerves; mostly large enough 
B) Interneurons; too small 
C) Neurons; mostly large enough 
D) Chemical messengers; too small

Question 13

The _____ is the part of the limbic system that is involved in emotional responses and memories with a strong emotional component.

Accepted Answer

A) amygdala 
B) thalamus 
C) hypothalamus 
D) medulla 
A) amygdala 
B) thalamus 
C) hypothalamus 
D) medulla

Question 14

The venom of a black widow spider bite causes _____ to be released continuously by motor neurons causing severe muscle spasms.

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) dopamine 
C) GABA 
D) serotonin 
A) acetylcholine 
B) dopamine 
C) GABA 
D) serotonin

Question 15

Although _____ has been shown to be a pseudoscience, it helped introduce the idea that functions were _____ in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) phrenology; lateralized 
B) neuroscience; plastic or flexible 
C) neuroscience; lateralized 
D) phrenology; localized 
A) phrenology; lateralized 
B) neuroscience; plastic or flexible 
C) neuroscience; lateralized 
D) phrenology; localized

Question 16

Broca is to _____ as Wernicke is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) expressive aphasia; receptive aphasia 
B) the left cerebral hemisphere; the right cerebral hemisphere 
C) structural plasticity; functional plasticity 
D) receptive aphasia; expressive aphasia 
A) expressive aphasia; receptive aphasia 
B) the left cerebral hemisphere; the right cerebral hemisphere 
C) structural plasticity; functional plasticity 
D) receptive aphasia; expressive aphasia

Question 17

According to the box Critical Thinking: "His" and "Her" Brains, research indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A) brain structures and functions in men and women are essentially the same. 
B) men and women are much more different than they are similar. 
C) women are less effective at problem solving and decision making. 
D) men are much more emotional than previously believed. 
A) brain structures and functions in men and women are essentially the same. 
B) men and women are much more different than they are similar. 
C) women are less effective at problem solving and decision making. 
D) men are much more emotional than previously believed.

Question 18

The three types of neurons are:

Accepted Answer

A) excitatory, inhibitory, and myelinated. 
B) sensory, motor, and interneurons. 
C) interneurons, glial cells, and motor cells. 
D) glial cells, myelinated cells, and unmyelinated cells. 
A) excitatory, inhibitory, and myelinated. 
B) sensory, motor, and interneurons. 
C) interneurons, glial cells, and motor cells. 
D) glial cells, myelinated cells, and unmyelinated cells.

Question 19

According to research presented in your text, stress, exercise, and environmental complexity can affect the rate of _____ in the brains of monkeys, rodents, and birds.

Accepted Answer

A) neuroplasticity 
B) cortical localization 
C) myelination 
D) neurogenesis 
A) neuroplasticity 
B) cortical localization 
C) myelination 
D) neurogenesis

Question 20

Samuel suffered damage to his temporal lobe during an operation to remove tumors from his brain. He is likely to have problems with his:

Accepted Answer

A) vision. 
B) ability to smell and taste. 
C) hearing. 
D) ability to process somatosensory information. 
A) vision. 
B) ability to smell and taste. 
C) hearing. 
D) ability to process somatosensory information.

Exam 2: Section 5: Neuroscience and Behavior

What happens during a refractory period?

The _____ is the largest region of the brain.

Most left-handed people are:

According to your textbook, _____ is associated with increased endorphin levels.

The development of new neurons in the brain is called:

The _____ is the main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system.

The brainstem is made up of several structures, which include the:

In general, neural messages are received by the _____ and transmitted by the _____.

Michael takes medication that increases _____ levels to help control symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

When neurotransmitters communicate an inhibitory message to the postsynaptic neuron:

_____ represent bundles of axons that are _____ to see with the unaided eye.

The _____ is the part of the limbic system that is involved in emotional responses and memories with a strong emotional component.

The venom of a black widow spider bite causes _____ to be released continuously by motor neurons causing severe muscle spasms.

Although _____ has been shown to be a pseudoscience, it helped introduce the idea that functions were _____ in the brain.

Broca is to _____ as Wernicke is to _____.

According to the box Critical Thinking: "His" and "Her" Brains, research indicates that:

The three types of neurons are:

According to research presented in your text, stress, exercise, and environmental complexity can affect the rate of _____ in the brains of monkeys, rodents, and birds.

Samuel suffered damage to his temporal lobe during an operation to remove tumors from his brain. He is likely to have problems with his:

Section 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 2: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 3: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 4: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 5: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 1: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 3: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 4: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 1: Sensation and Perception

Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Section 3: Sensation and Perception

Section 4: Sensation and Perception

Section 5: Sensation and Perception

Section 1: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 2: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 3: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 5: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 1: Learning

Section 2: Learning

Section 3: Learning

Section 4: Learning

Section 5: Learning

Section 1: Memory

Section 2: Memory

Section 3: Memory

Section 4: Memory

Section 5: Memory

Section 1: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 2: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 3: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 4: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 5: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 1: Motivation and Emotion

Section 2: Motivation and Emotion

Section 3: Motivation and Emotion

Section 4: Motivation and Emotion

Section 5: Motivation and Emotion

Section 1: Lifespan Development

Section 2: Lifespan Development

Section 3: Lifespan Development

Section 4: Lifespan Development

Section 5: Lifespan Development

Section 1: Personality

Section 2: Personality

Section 3: Personality

Section 4: Personality

Section 5: Personality

Section 1: Social Psychology

Section 2: Social Psychology

Section 3: Social Psychology

Section 4: Social Psychology

Section 5: Social Psychology

Section 1: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 2: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 3: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 4: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 5: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 1: Psychological Disorders

In general, neural messages are received by the _ and transmitted by the _.

_ represent bundles of axons that are _ to see with the unaided eye.

Although _ has been shown to be a pseudoscience, it helped introduce the idea that functions were _ in the brain.

Broca is to _ as Wernicke is to _.