Question 1

The trophoblast has many of the characteristics of ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac 
B) cancer 
C) infectious 
D) smooth muscle 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) cardiac 
B) cancer 
C) infectious 
D) smooth muscle 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 2

Explain the effect of testosterone on the male respiratory system at puberty.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone stimulates growth

Question 3

Based on the illustrations showing the locations of the internal organs in nonpregnant and pregnant women,explain why some pregnant women experience difficulty breathing.

Accepted Answer

Some pregnant women experience

Question 4

The clinical term for "growing old" is

Accepted Answer

A) maturation. 
B) aging. 
C) senescence. 
D) apoptosis. 
E) senility. 
A) maturation. 
B) aging. 
C) senescence. 
D) apoptosis. 
E) senility.

Question 5

The process of cell division that divides the cytoplasm of the zygote among blastomeres is called

Accepted Answer

A) cleavage. 
B) implantation. 
C) placentation. 
D) embryogenesis. 
E) blastulation. 
A) cleavage. 
B) implantation. 
C) placentation. 
D) embryogenesis. 
E) blastulation.

Question 6

The oval,three-layered sheet produced by gastrulation is called the

Accepted Answer

A) embryo. 
B) ectoderm. 
C) inner cell mass. 
D) embryonic disc. 
E) yolk sac. 
A) embryo. 
B) ectoderm. 
C) inner cell mass. 
D) embryonic disc. 
E) yolk sac.

Question 7

Name the three major interacting hormonal events associated with the onset of puberty.

Accepted Answer

A) Increased GnRH production,increased LH and decreased FSH production,activation of ovaries and testes by LH. 
B) Decreased GnRH production due to estrogen and testosterone negative feedback,decrease in LH and FSH release by the anterior pituitary gland,and decreased LH and FSH sensitivity by the ovaries and testes. 
C) Increased GnRH production,increased sensitivity of the anterior pituitary to GnRH and the subsequent release of LH and FSH,and increased sensitivity of ovaries and testes to LH and FSH. 
D) Increased hypothalamic LH production,anterior pituitary release of estrogen and testosterone,estrogen activation of ovaries and testosterone activation of testes. 
E) Increased hypothalamic estrogen and testosterone production,estrogen activation of ovaries and testosterone activation of testes. 
A) Increased GnRH production,increased LH and decreased FSH production,activation of ovaries and testes by LH. 
B) Decreased GnRH production due to estrogen and testosterone negative feedback,decrease in LH and FSH release by the anterior pituitary gland,and decreased LH and FSH sensitivity by the ovaries and testes. 
C) Increased GnRH production,increased sensitivity of the anterior pituitary to GnRH and the subsequent release of LH and FSH,and increased sensitivity of ovaries and testes to LH and FSH. 
D) Increased hypothalamic LH production,anterior pituitary release of estrogen and testosterone,estrogen activation of ovaries and testosterone activation of testes. 
E) Increased hypothalamic estrogen and testosterone production,estrogen activation of ovaries and testosterone activation of testes.

Question 8

In pregnancy,expansion of the uterus results from

Accepted Answer

A) increased production of additional smooth muscle cells. 
B) hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells. 
A) increased production of additional smooth muscle cells. 
B) hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells.

Question 9

Describe the process that forms the primary germ layers and cite the layer that contributes to nearly all body systems.

Accepted Answer

A) Gastrulation forms the primary germ layers from the embryonic disc.The endoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
B) Gastrulation forms the primary germ layers from the embryonic disc.The mesoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
C) Formation of the primitive streak gives rise to the primary germ layers.The ectoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
D) Formation of the primitive streak gives rise to the primary germ layers.The endoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
E) Gastrulation forms the primary germ layers from the embryonic disc.The ectoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
A) Gastrulation forms the primary germ layers from the embryonic disc.The endoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
B) Gastrulation forms the primary germ layers from the embryonic disc.The mesoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
C) Formation of the primitive streak gives rise to the primary germ layers.The ectoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
D) Formation of the primitive streak gives rise to the primary germ layers.The endoderm contributes to nearly all body systems. 
E) Gastrulation forms the primary germ layers from the embryonic disc.The ectoderm contributes to nearly all body systems.

Question 10

Which hormone causes the milk ejection (milk let-down)reflex?

Accepted Answer

A) prostaglandins 
B) human placental lactogen 
C) prolactin 
D) placental prolactin 
E) oxytocin 
A) prostaglandins 
B) human placental lactogen 
C) prolactin 
D) placental prolactin 
E) oxytocin

Question 11

Embryonic and early fetal development occurs in the ________ trimester.

Accepted Answer

A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
A) first 
B) second 
C) third

Question 12

Which of the following is not part of fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A) release of acrosomal enzymes 
B) oocyte activation 
C) completion of meiosis II 
D) amphimixis 
E) completion of meiosis I 
A) release of acrosomal enzymes 
B) oocyte activation 
C) completion of meiosis II 
D) amphimixis 
E) completion of meiosis I

Question 13

Which hormone stimulates the milk let-down reflex?

Accepted Answer

A) progesterone 
B) oxytocin 
C) estrogen 
D) relaxin 
E) GnRH 
A) progesterone 
B) oxytocin 
C) estrogen 
D) relaxin 
E) GnRH

Question 14

Which of the following traits is a sex-linked inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A) albino pigmentation 
B) red hair 
C) hemophilia 
D) Huntington's disease 
E) sickle cell anemia 
A) albino pigmentation 
B) red hair 
C) hemophilia 
D) Huntington's disease 
E) sickle cell anemia

Question 15

Figure 27-2
-Identify the structure labeled "6."

Accepted Answer

A) umbilical cord 
B) placenta 
C) chorion 
D) amnion 
E) myometrium 
A) umbilical cord 
B) placenta 
C) chorion 
D) amnion 
E) myometrium

Question 16

By the end of gestation,which of the following has not occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) Maternal blood volume has increased 50%. 
B) Maternal nutritional requirements has increased 30%. 
C) The uterus has increased in size by 10 fold. 
D) The kidney's GFR has increased 2 fold. 
E) The bladder size has been reduced. 
A) Maternal blood volume has increased 50%. 
B) Maternal nutritional requirements has increased 30%. 
C) The uterus has increased in size by 10 fold. 
D) The kidney's GFR has increased 2 fold. 
E) The bladder size has been reduced.

Question 17

Explain the difference between colostrum and breast milk.

Accepted Answer

Colostrum contains antibodies and is pro

Question 18

The ectoderm forms

Accepted Answer

A) muscle. 
B) blood. 
C) neural tissues. 
D) the lining of the stomach and small intestine. 
E) the urinary system. 
A) muscle. 
B) blood. 
C) neural tissues. 
D) the lining of the stomach and small intestine. 
E) the urinary system.

Question 19

Figure 27-1
-What is the developmental fate of "9?"

Accepted Answer

A) forms the embryo 
B) forms the trophoblast 
C) forms the chorion 
D) forms the placenta 
E) dissolves completely 
A) forms the embryo 
B) forms the trophoblast 
C) forms the chorion 
D) forms the placenta 
E) dissolves completely

Question 20

All of the following occur at puberty except

Accepted Answer

A) FSH levels rise. 
B) GnRH levels decline. 
C) levels of sex hormones rise. 
D) skeletal muscle fibers are stimulated. 
E) secondary sexual characteristics begin to develop. 
A) FSH levels rise. 
B) GnRH levels decline. 
C) levels of sex hormones rise. 
D) skeletal muscle fibers are stimulated. 
E) secondary sexual characteristics begin to develop.

Exam 27: Development and Inheritance

The trophoblast has many of the characteristics of ________ cells.

Explain the effect of testosterone on the male respiratory system at puberty.

Based on the illustrations showing the locations of the internal organs in nonpregnant and pregnant women,explain why some pregnant women experience difficulty breathing.

The clinical term for "growing old" is

The process of cell division that divides the cytoplasm of the zygote among blastomeres is called

The oval,three-layered sheet produced by gastrulation is called the

Name the three major interacting hormonal events associated with the onset of puberty.

In pregnancy,expansion of the uterus results from

Describe the process that forms the primary germ layers and cite the layer that contributes to nearly all body systems.

Which hormone causes the milk ejection (milk let-down)reflex?

Embryonic and early fetal development occurs in the ________ trimester.

Which of the following is not part of fertilization?

Which hormone stimulates the milk let-down reflex?

Which of the following traits is a sex-linked inheritance?

Figure 27-2 -Identify the structure labeled "6."

By the end of gestation,which of the following has not occurred?

Explain the difference between colostrum and breast milk.

The ectoderm forms

Figure 27-1 -What is the developmental fate of "9?"

All of the following occur at puberty except

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

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