Exam 16: Regression Models for Nonlinear Relationships

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Exhibit 16.6.Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age)and their credit card debt (Debt)expressed as a percentage of their annual income.Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results. Exhibit 16.6.Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age)and their credit card debt (Debt)expressed as a percentage of their annual income.Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results.   Refer to Exhibit 16.6.What is the sample correlation coefficient between Age and Debt? Refer to Exhibit 16.6.What is the sample correlation coefficient between Age and Debt?

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The regression model ln(y)= β0 + β1ln(x)+ ε is called logarithmic.

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What is the effect of b2 < 0 in the case of the quadratic equation What is the effect of b<sub>2</sub> < 0 in the case of the quadratic equation   ? ?

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Exhibit 16.6.Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age)and their credit card debt (Debt)expressed as a percentage of their annual income.Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results. Exhibit 16.6.Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age)and their credit card debt (Debt)expressed as a percentage of their annual income.Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results.   Refer to Exhibit 16.6.Using the quadratic regression equation,find the predicted maximum percentage debt. Refer to Exhibit 16.6.Using the quadratic regression equation,find the predicted maximum percentage debt.

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A model in which both the response variable and the explanatory variable are transformed into their natural logarithms is better known as a(n):

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When the predicted value of the response variable has to be found,in which of the following two models,is there a need for the standard error correction?

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The quadratic and logarithmic models,y = β0 + β1x + β2x2 + ε and y = β0 + β1ln(x)+ ε,were used to fit given data on y and x,and the following table summarizes the regression results.Which of the two models provides a better fit? The quadratic and logarithmic models,y = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>x + β<sub>2</sub>x<sup>2</sup> + ε and y = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(x)+ ε,were used to fit given data on y and x,and the following table summarizes the regression results.Which of the two models provides a better fit?

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Exhibit 16.2.Typically,the sales volume declines with an increase of a product price.It has been observed,however,that for some luxury goods the sales volume may increase when the price increases.The following Excel output illustrates this rather unusual relationship. Exhibit 16.2.Typically,the sales volume declines with an increase of a product price.It has been observed,however,that for some luxury goods the sales volume may increase when the price increases.The following Excel output illustrates this rather unusual relationship.   Refer to Exhibit 16.2.What is the number of estimated coefficients of the cubic regression model? Refer to Exhibit 16.2.What is the number of estimated coefficients of the cubic regression model?

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Exhibit 16.5.The following data shows the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket. Exhibit 16.5.The following data shows the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models,Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2</sup> + β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3</sup> + ε and ln(Demand)= β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price)+ ε,the following regression results are available:   Refer to Exhibit 16.5.What is the price elasticity of the demand found by the log-log model? For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models,Demand = β0 + β1Price + β2Price2 + β3Price3 + ε and ln(Demand)= β0 + β1ln(Price)+ ε,the following regression results are available: Exhibit 16.5.The following data shows the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models,Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2</sup> + β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3</sup> + ε and ln(Demand)= β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price)+ ε,the following regression results are available:   Refer to Exhibit 16.5.What is the price elasticity of the demand found by the log-log model? Refer to Exhibit 16.5.What is the price elasticity of the demand found by the log-log model?

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Which of the following is a quadratic regression equation?

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Exhibit 16-1.The following Excel scatterplot with the fitted quadratic regression equation illustrates the observed relationship between productivity and the number of hired workers. Exhibit 16-1.The following Excel scatterplot with the fitted quadratic regression equation illustrates the observed relationship between productivity and the number of hired workers.   Refer to Exhibit 16.1.Assuming that the values of Hires can be non-integers,what is the maximum value of Productivity? Refer to Exhibit 16.1.Assuming that the values of Hires can be non-integers,what is the maximum value of Productivity?

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For which of the following models,the formula For which of the following models,the formula   = exp(b<sub>0</sub> + b<sub>1</sub>x +   )for finding the predicted value of y is used? = exp(b0 + b1x + For which of the following models,the formula   = exp(b<sub>0</sub> + b<sub>1</sub>x +   )for finding the predicted value of y is used? )for finding the predicted value of y is used?

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If the data is available on the response variable y and the explanatory variable x,and the fit of the quadratic model y = β0 + β1x + β2x2 + ε is to be tested,standard linear regression can be applied on:

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Exhibit 16-7.It is believed that the sales volume of one liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of one liter bottle of Coca Cola.The following data has been collected for a certain sales region. Exhibit 16-7.It is believed that the sales volume of one liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of one liter bottle of Coca Cola.The following data has been collected for a certain sales region.   Using Excel's regression,the linear model PepsiSales = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>PepsiPrice + β<sub>2</sub>ColaPrice + ε and the log-log model ln(PepsiSales)= β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(PepsiPrice)+ β<sub>2</sub>ln(ColaPrice)+ ε have been estimated as follows:   Refer to Exhibit 16.7.For the estimated linear model,when the price of Pepsi is held constant what is the predicted change in the Pepsi sales if the price of Cola increases by 10 cents? Using Excel's regression,the linear model PepsiSales = β0 + β1PepsiPrice + β2ColaPrice + ε and the log-log model ln(PepsiSales)= β0 + β1ln(PepsiPrice)+ β2ln(ColaPrice)+ ε have been estimated as follows: Exhibit 16-7.It is believed that the sales volume of one liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of one liter bottle of Coca Cola.The following data has been collected for a certain sales region.   Using Excel's regression,the linear model PepsiSales = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>PepsiPrice + β<sub>2</sub>ColaPrice + ε and the log-log model ln(PepsiSales)= β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(PepsiPrice)+ β<sub>2</sub>ln(ColaPrice)+ ε have been estimated as follows:   Refer to Exhibit 16.7.For the estimated linear model,when the price of Pepsi is held constant what is the predicted change in the Pepsi sales if the price of Cola increases by 10 cents? Refer to Exhibit 16.7.For the estimated linear model,when the price of Pepsi is held constant what is the predicted change in the Pepsi sales if the price of Cola increases by 10 cents?

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An inverted U-shaped curve is also known to be:

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Although a polynomial regression model of order two or more is nonlinear,when it is fitted to the data we use the _______ regression to make this fit.

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Which of the following regression models is not polynomial?

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Exhibit 16-7.It is believed that the sales volume of one liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of one liter bottle of Coca Cola.The following data has been collected for a certain sales region. Exhibit 16-7.It is believed that the sales volume of one liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of one liter bottle of Coca Cola.The following data has been collected for a certain sales region.   Using Excel's regression,the linear model PepsiSales = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>PepsiPrice + β<sub>2</sub>ColaPrice + ε and the log-log model ln(PepsiSales)= β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(PepsiPrice)+ β<sub>2</sub>ln(ColaPrice)+ ε have been estimated as follows:   Refer to Exhibit 16.7.Using the estimated linear model,calculate the predicted sales of Pepsi when the Pepsi price is $1.50 and the Cola price is $1.25. Using Excel's regression,the linear model PepsiSales = β0 + β1PepsiPrice + β2ColaPrice + ε and the log-log model ln(PepsiSales)= β0 + β1ln(PepsiPrice)+ β2ln(ColaPrice)+ ε have been estimated as follows: Exhibit 16-7.It is believed that the sales volume of one liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of one liter bottle of Coca Cola.The following data has been collected for a certain sales region.   Using Excel's regression,the linear model PepsiSales = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>PepsiPrice + β<sub>2</sub>ColaPrice + ε and the log-log model ln(PepsiSales)= β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(PepsiPrice)+ β<sub>2</sub>ln(ColaPrice)+ ε have been estimated as follows:   Refer to Exhibit 16.7.Using the estimated linear model,calculate the predicted sales of Pepsi when the Pepsi price is $1.50 and the Cola price is $1.25. Refer to Exhibit 16.7.Using the estimated linear model,calculate the predicted sales of Pepsi when the Pepsi price is $1.50 and the Cola price is $1.25.

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For the quadratic regression equation For the quadratic regression equation   ,the predicted y achieves its optimum (maximum or minimum)when x is: ,the predicted y achieves its optimum (maximum or minimum)when x is:

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A model with one explanatory variable being the only one transformed into its natural logarithm is called a(n)_____.

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