Question 1

A prospective study conducted by Richard Green followed the development of sexual orientation in two groups of boys. What did the study find?

Accepted Answer

A)  The boys who displayed feminine behaviors were much more likely to be homosexual or bisexual by the time they reached their late teens. 
B)  Boys who were the only male child in the household were almost five times as likely to be homosexual by the time they reached early adulthood. 
C)  Regardless of whether the boy had brothers or was the only male child in the household, the rate of homosexuality by early adulthood was the same. 
D)  Compared to the boys who grew up in an urban area, boys who grew up in sparsely populated rural areas were approximately three times as likely to become homosexual. 
A)  The boys who displayed feminine behaviors were much more likely to be homosexual or bisexual by the time they reached their late teens. 
B)  Boys who were the only male child in the household were almost five times as likely to be homosexual by the time they reached early adulthood. 
C)  Regardless of whether the boy had brothers or was the only male child in the household, the rate of homosexuality by early adulthood was the same. 
D)  Compared to the boys who grew up in an urban area, boys who grew up in sparsely populated rural areas were approximately three times as likely to become homosexual.

Question 2

In response to fasting, undereating, or dieting, fat cells shrink and weight loss occurs. Which of the following internal changes occurs to promote eating behavior, weight gain, and restore a person's typical body weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased cholecystokinin activity in the brain 
B)  increased basal metabolic rate 
C)  increased blood levels of leptin and insulin 
D)  increased neuropeptide Y activity in the brain 
A)  increased cholecystokinin activity in the brain 
B)  increased basal metabolic rate 
C)  increased blood levels of leptin and insulin 
D)  increased neuropeptide Y activity in the brain

Question 3

Dr. Pecchia's research focuses on emotions. If she is like most experts in this area, she is likely to agree with which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Although facial expressions of basic emotions seem to be innate, we are still able to control our facial expressions. 
B)  The majority of emotions are a function of learning, and we cannot control our facial expressions once they are learned. 
C)  Facial expressions of emotion are innate, and therefore we are unable to control our facial expressions. 
D)  Women are much more capable than men of controlling their facial expressions of emotion. 
A)  Although facial expressions of basic emotions seem to be innate, we are still able to control our facial expressions. 
B)  The majority of emotions are a function of learning, and we cannot control our facial expressions once they are learned. 
C)  Facial expressions of emotion are innate, and therefore we are unable to control our facial expressions. 
D)  Women are much more capable than men of controlling their facial expressions of emotion.

Question 4

Contemporary psychologists consider emotions to be disruptive impulses that interfere with rational thought and effective decision-making.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The need to feel that your activities are self-chosen and self-endorsed defines _____, which is a fundamental motive in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomy; the hierarchy of needs 
B)  autonomy; self-determination theory 
C)  self-efficacy; achievement motivation 
D)  competence; achievement motivation 
A)  autonomy; the hierarchy of needs 
B)  autonomy; self-determination theory 
C)  self-efficacy; achievement motivation 
D)  competence; achievement motivation

Question 6

Which of the following forms of emotional expression is NOT universal and is LEAST likely to be recognized by members of different cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonverbal vocal cues, such as tone of voice 
B)  facial expressions 
C)  emblems 
D)  the sequence of physical movements indicating embarrassment 
A)  nonverbal vocal cues, such as tone of voice 
B)  facial expressions 
C)  emblems 
D)  the sequence of physical movements indicating embarrassment

Question 7

Glucose is also called:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood sugar. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  cholecystokinin. 
D)  adipose tissue. 
A)  blood sugar. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  cholecystokinin. 
D)  adipose tissue.

Question 8

______ was one of the first scientists to systematically study emotional expression, including the facial expressions and body language used to express different emotions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Paul Ekman 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Walter Cannon 
D)  William James 
A)  Paul Ekman 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Walter Cannon 
D)  William James

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the levels in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for safety, food, and shelter 
B)  the need to belong and have intimate love and friendship relationships 
C)  the need to become rich, famous, and powerful 
D)  the need to become self-actualized 
A)  the need for safety, food, and shelter 
B)  the need to belong and have intimate love and friendship relationships 
C)  the need to become rich, famous, and powerful 
D)  the need to become self-actualized

Question 10

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" discussed a study in which the diet of rats was manipulated. One group ate rat chow-a nutritionally balanced diet- while the other group ate junk-food-high-fat, sugary foods. What happened to the rats on the junk-food diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rats would eat junk food even if it was paired with an electric shock. 
B)  The rats experienced sensory-specific satiety for the junk food. 
C)  The rats developed a preference for rat chow. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  The rats would eat junk food even if it was paired with an electric shock. 
B)  The rats experienced sensory-specific satiety for the junk food. 
C)  The rats developed a preference for rat chow. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 11

The hormone _____, more commonly known as adrenaline, activates the sympathetic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine 
B)  dopamine 
C)  ghrelin 
D)  leptin 
A)  epinephrine 
B)  dopamine 
C)  ghrelin 
D)  leptin

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the stages of the human sexual response is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is greater variability in the female sexual response than in the male sexual response. 
B)  Younger men typically experience a longer refractory period than do older men. 
C)  For both men and women, the degree of physical arousal may fluctuate up and down during the excitement and plateau stages of sexual arousal. 
D)  Whereas many women are capable of experiencing multiple orgasms, most men experience one orgasm. 
A)  There is greater variability in the female sexual response than in the male sexual response. 
B)  Younger men typically experience a longer refractory period than do older men. 
C)  For both men and women, the degree of physical arousal may fluctuate up and down during the excitement and plateau stages of sexual arousal. 
D)  Whereas many women are capable of experiencing multiple orgasms, most men experience one orgasm.

Question 13

The general idea of instinct theories is that some human behaviors are innate and genetically influenced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to research described in the Focus on Neuroscience box "Emotions and the Brain," different emotions produce distinct patterns of brain activation and deactivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The abbreviation CCK stands for cholecystokinin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Taking the evolutionary perspective, psychologist David Buss contends that personal preferences have little, if any, effect on mate preferences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Mr. and Mrs. Ramsay were having lunch at the mall when they heard on the radio about the tragic deaths of a number of local children in a bus accident. Both were overcome with emotion. Mrs. Ramsay started to cry, but Mr. Ramsay masked his feelings. As the Critical Thinking box "Are Women Really More Emotional Than Men?" notes, this gender difference in the expression of emotion is probably a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic predispositions. 
B)  culturally determined display rules. 
C)  gender differences in blood levels of the hormone estrogen. 
D)  gender differences in blood levels of the hormone testosterone. 
A)  genetic predispositions. 
B)  culturally determined display rules. 
C)  gender differences in blood levels of the hormone estrogen. 
D)  gender differences in blood levels of the hormone testosterone.

Question 18

Paralyzing facial muscles with Botox may make people who have had the procedure less able to recognize emotional expressions in others. The explanation given for this finding is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  we tend to automatically mimic the facial expressions of others, and Botox prevents that. 
B)  feedback from our facial muscles helps us understand emotional expressions in others. 
C)  Botox injections to facial muscles can dampen emotional experiences. 
D)  All of these help explain the finding. 
A)  we tend to automatically mimic the facial expressions of others, and Botox prevents that. 
B)  feedback from our facial muscles helps us understand emotional expressions in others. 
C)  Botox injections to facial muscles can dampen emotional experiences. 
D)  All of these help explain the finding.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a basic need in Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  competence 
B)  relatedness 
C)  self-efficacy 
D)  autonomy 
A)  competence 
B)  relatedness 
C)  self-efficacy 
D)  autonomy

Question 20

Karmine has reviewed all the relevant literature concerning biological factors and homosexuality. She is likely to conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)  homosexuality is caused by insufficient testosterone levels. 
B)  biological differences in brain function and structure directly cause homosexuality. 
C)  there is no correlation between biological factors and homosexual orientation. 
D)  some biological factors are correlated with homosexual orientation. 
A)  homosexuality is caused by insufficient testosterone levels. 
B)  biological differences in brain function and structure directly cause homosexuality. 
C)  there is no correlation between biological factors and homosexual orientation. 
D)  some biological factors are correlated with homosexual orientation.

A prospective study conducted by Richard Green followed the development of sexual orientation in two groups of boys. What did the study find?

In response to fasting, undereating, or dieting, fat cells shrink and weight loss occurs. Which of the following internal changes occurs to promote eating behavior, weight gain, and restore a person's typical body weight?

Dr. Pecchia's research focuses on emotions. If she is like most experts in this area, she is likely to agree with which of the following statements?

Contemporary psychologists consider emotions to be disruptive impulses that interfere with rational thought and effective decision-making.

The need to feel that your activities are self-chosen and self-endorsed defines _, which is a fundamental motive in _.

Which of the following forms of emotional expression is NOT universal and is LEAST likely to be recognized by members of different cultures?

Glucose is also called:

______ was one of the first scientists to systematically study emotional expression, including the facial expressions and body language used to express different emotions.

Which of the following is NOT one of the levels in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" discussed a study in which the diet of rats was manipulated. One group ate rat chow-a nutritionally balanced diet- while the other group ate junk-food-high-fat, sugary foods. What happened to the rats on the junk-food diet?

The hormone _____, more commonly known as adrenaline, activates the sympathetic nervous system.

Which of the following statements about the stages of the human sexual response is FALSE?

The general idea of instinct theories is that some human behaviors are innate and genetically influenced.

According to research described in the Focus on Neuroscience box "Emotions and the Brain," different emotions produce distinct patterns of brain activation and deactivation.

The abbreviation CCK stands for cholecystokinin.

Taking the evolutionary perspective, psychologist David Buss contends that personal preferences have little, if any, effect on mate preferences.

Paralyzing facial muscles with Botox may make people who have had the procedure less able to recognize emotional expressions in others. The explanation given for this finding is that:

Which of the following is NOT a basic need in Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory?

Karmine has reviewed all the relevant literature concerning biological factors and homosexuality. She is likely to conclude that:

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Exam 8: Motivation and Emotion

A prospective study conducted by Richard Green followed the development of sexual orientation in two groups of boys. What did the study find?

In response to fasting, undereating, or dieting, fat cells shrink and weight loss occurs. Which of the following internal changes occurs to promote eating behavior, weight gain, and restore a person's typical body weight?

Dr. Pecchia's research focuses on emotions. If she is like most experts in this area, she is likely to agree with which of the following statements?

Contemporary psychologists consider emotions to be disruptive impulses that interfere with rational thought and effective decision-making.

The need to feel that your activities are self-chosen and self-endorsed defines _____, which is a fundamental motive in _____.

Which of the following forms of emotional expression is NOT universal and is LEAST likely to be recognized by members of different cultures?

Glucose is also called:

______ was one of the first scientists to systematically study emotional expression, including the facial expressions and body language used to express different emotions.

Which of the following is NOT one of the levels in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" discussed a study in which the diet of rats was manipulated. One group ate rat chow-a nutritionally balanced diet- while the other group ate junk-food-high-fat, sugary foods. What happened to the rats on the junk-food diet?

The hormone _____, more commonly known as adrenaline, activates the sympathetic nervous system.

Which of the following statements about the stages of the human sexual response is FALSE?

The general idea of instinct theories is that some human behaviors are innate and genetically influenced.

According to research described in the Focus on Neuroscience box "Emotions and the Brain," different emotions produce distinct patterns of brain activation and deactivation.

The abbreviation CCK stands for cholecystokinin.

Taking the evolutionary perspective, psychologist David Buss contends that personal preferences have little, if any, effect on mate preferences.

Paralyzing facial muscles with Botox may make people who have had the procedure less able to recognize emotional expressions in others. The explanation given for this finding is that:

Which of the following is NOT a basic need in Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory?

Karmine has reviewed all the relevant literature concerning biological factors and homosexuality. She is likely to conclude that:

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

The need to feel that your activities are self-chosen and self-endorsed defines _, which is a fundamental motive in _.