Question 1

Display rules shape how, when, and where people in a given culture or society express specific emotions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

After a ride on a very frightening roller coaster with Helga, Manfred's heart was beating fast, his hands were sweating, and his knees were trembling. He looked at Helga and concluded that he must be falling in love with her. Manfred's emotional experience can best be explained by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostatic theory of emotion. 
B)  facial feedback hypothesis. 
C)  two-factor theory of emotion. 
D)  set-point theory of emotion. 
A)  homeostatic theory of emotion. 
B)  facial feedback hypothesis. 
C)  two-factor theory of emotion. 
D)  set-point theory of emotion.

Question 3

The hormone cholecystokinin increases the sensitivity of the stomach's stretch receptors, promotes satiation, and reduces or stops eating behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The refractory period refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the specific time during the monthly cycle that females experience menstruation. 
B)  a variable length of time following orgasm during which the male is incapable of having another erection or orgasm. 
C)  the second phase in the human sexual response cycle, when physical arousal increases. 
D)  the time period during which the physical processes of attaining sexual maturation and reproductive capability takes place. 
A)  the specific time during the monthly cycle that females experience menstruation. 
B)  a variable length of time following orgasm during which the male is incapable of having another erection or orgasm. 
C)  the second phase in the human sexual response cycle, when physical arousal increases. 
D)  the time period during which the physical processes of attaining sexual maturation and reproductive capability takes place.

Question 5

Megan has to give a class presentation in one week but hasn't begun preparing for it yet because she's convinced that she will not be able to do a good job. How could Megan overcome her self-doubts and increase her sense of self-efficacy in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  In order to realize how unrealistic her fears are, Megan should imagine giving a terrible presentation. 
B)  Megan should ignore her fears and just do it. 
C)  Megan should observe other students doing class presentations, and ask the best students for advice. 
D)  Megan should avoid thinking about the presentation because thinking about it will make her more anxious. 
A)  In order to realize how unrealistic her fears are, Megan should imagine giving a terrible presentation. 
B)  Megan should ignore her fears and just do it. 
C)  Megan should observe other students doing class presentations, and ask the best students for advice. 
D)  Megan should avoid thinking about the presentation because thinking about it will make her more anxious.

Question 6

Learning theories and principles were an important influence in the development of incentive theories of motivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The Enhancing Well-Being With Psychology feature in your text suggests several strategies to increase feelings of self-efficacy. Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies the feature suggests?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive mental imagery can help improve self-efficacy. 
B)  Observing and imitating the behavior of someone who is already competent at the task you want to master can help you increase feelings of self-efficacy. 
C)  Control your thoughts in an optimistic way by focusing on your capabilities. 
D)  When you approach a moderately challenging task, you should strive for perfection on your first attempt at the task. 
A)  Positive mental imagery can help improve self-efficacy. 
B)  Observing and imitating the behavior of someone who is already competent at the task you want to master can help you increase feelings of self-efficacy. 
C)  Control your thoughts in an optimistic way by focusing on your capabilities. 
D)  When you approach a moderately challenging task, you should strive for perfection on your first attempt at the task.

Question 8

According to Maslow's humanistic theory of motivation, what must people do before they can strive for the realization of their personal potential and creative abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)  achieve a high Thematic Apperception Test score 
B)  recognize and deal with unconscious psychological conflicts 
C)  satisfy basic needs and psychological needs 
D)  learn to suppress their basic needs, such as the needs for food and water 
A)  achieve a high Thematic Apperception Test score 
B)  recognize and deal with unconscious psychological conflicts 
C)  satisfy basic needs and psychological needs 
D)  learn to suppress their basic needs, such as the needs for food and water

Question 9

In looking at gender differences in emotion, psychologist Agneta Fischer and her colleagues analyzed cross-cultural data from 37 countries around the world. The researchers found that across cultures:

Accepted Answer

A)  women report experiencing and expressing more anger and hostility than men. 
B)  men report experiencing and expressing more sadness, fear, and guilt than women. 
C)  women experience the same type and number of emotions as men but are conditioned not to express them because of cultural display rules. 
D)  for both men and women, the expression of emotions is strongly influenced by culturally determined display rules. 
A)  women report experiencing and expressing more anger and hostility than men. 
B)  men report experiencing and expressing more sadness, fear, and guilt than women. 
C)  women experience the same type and number of emotions as men but are conditioned not to express them because of cultural display rules. 
D)  for both men and women, the expression of emotions is strongly influenced by culturally determined display rules.

Question 10

According to the research by Masters and Johnson, the first phase of the human sexual response cycle is _____, and the last phase is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  plateau; resolution 
B)  excitement; orgasm 
C)  excitement; resolution 
D)  orgasm; excitement 
A)  plateau; resolution 
B)  excitement; orgasm 
C)  excitement; resolution 
D)  orgasm; excitement

Question 11

In most cultures, older, successful men have the greatest access to young, attractive women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Jordan routinely eats an early lunch around 11:00 A.M. Even if there's no clock in sight, Jordan can tell when it's almost 11:00 A.M. because he feels hungry and wants to eat. Which of the following explanations accounts for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Just as set-point theory would predict, Jordan has established an 11 A.M. set point for eating. 
B)  Jordan has become classically conditioned so that the time of the day, 11 A.M., is a conditioned stimulus for him, triggering internal bodily changes that increase his desire to eat. 
C)  Negative energy balance and leptin resistance are occurring. 
D)  Positive energy balance and leptin resistance are occurring. 
A)  Just as set-point theory would predict, Jordan has established an 11 A.M. set point for eating. 
B)  Jordan has become classically conditioned so that the time of the day, 11 A.M., is a conditioned stimulus for him, triggering internal bodily changes that increase his desire to eat. 
C)  Negative energy balance and leptin resistance are occurring. 
D)  Positive energy balance and leptin resistance are occurring.

Question 13

This triangle depicts Maslow's famous hierarchy of needs. Identify the letter that corresponds to self-actualization in Maslow's motivational hierarchy.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 14

One shortcoming of incentive theories is that they:

Accepted Answer

A)  describe but fail to explain behavior. 
B)  fail to explain behaviors that are not primarily motivated by any kind of external incentive. 
C)  only explain behaviors that have internal incentives as motivators. 
D)  can account for the initiation and persistence of behavior, but fail to account for the intensity of behavior. 
A)  describe but fail to explain behavior. 
B)  fail to explain behaviors that are not primarily motivated by any kind of external incentive. 
C)  only explain behaviors that have internal incentives as motivators. 
D)  can account for the initiation and persistence of behavior, but fail to account for the intensity of behavior.

Question 15

Motivated behavior directed toward excelling, succeeding, or outperforming others at some task is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  power motivation. 
B)  achievement motivation. 
C)  competence motivation. 
D)  extrinsic motivation. 
A)  power motivation. 
B)  achievement motivation. 
C)  competence motivation. 
D)  extrinsic motivation.

Question 16

As part of your psychology course, you pair off with another student and conduct a simple research study. Your assignment is to monitor the other student's blood levels of the hormone ghrelin. Your partner is of normal weight and eats at normal times. Throughout the day, you take blood samples every 30 minutes. Compared to the blood sample you took at 10 A.M., the blood sample you took at noon just before your partner ate lunch contained ____ blood level of ghrelin.

Accepted Answer

A)  a much higher 
B)  a much lower 
C)  a slightly lower 
D)  about the same 
A)  a much higher 
B)  a much lower 
C)  a slightly lower 
D)  about the same

Question 17

Charles Darwin:

Accepted Answer

A)  contended that nonhuman animals do not experience emotions. 
B)  believed that anthropomorphism was the best methodology for scientifically investigating emotions in nonhuman animals. 
C)  believed that the capacity to experience emotion is an evolved trait that humans share with lower animals. 
D)  argued that emotional expression in humans is completely different from the instinctive displays of nonhuman animals. 
A)  contended that nonhuman animals do not experience emotions. 
B)  believed that anthropomorphism was the best methodology for scientifically investigating emotions in nonhuman animals. 
C)  believed that the capacity to experience emotion is an evolved trait that humans share with lower animals. 
D)  argued that emotional expression in humans is completely different from the instinctive displays of nonhuman animals.

Question 18

Generally speaking, a healthy body mass index falls between 25 and 29.9.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" described a PET scan study comparing normal weight and obese individuals. The findings of the study suggest that:

Accepted Answer

A)  obesity causes the brain to increase the number of dopamine receptors and dopamine production. 
B)  obese individuals might engage in compulsive or binge eating to inhibit the production of dopamine by the brain's reward system. 
C)  individuals who have more dopamine receptors in their brain are more likely to overeat and become obese. 
D)  obese individuals might engage in compulsive or binge eating to stimulate the brain's reward system. 
A)  obesity causes the brain to increase the number of dopamine receptors and dopamine production. 
B)  obese individuals might engage in compulsive or binge eating to inhibit the production of dopamine by the brain's reward system. 
C)  individuals who have more dopamine receptors in their brain are more likely to overeat and become obese. 
D)  obese individuals might engage in compulsive or binge eating to stimulate the brain's reward system.

Question 20

Approximately _____ of your body's energy is used for continuous bodily functions that are essential to life, such as breathing, heartbeat, and the production of body heat.

Accepted Answer

A)  one-tenth 
B)  one-fifth 
C)  one-third 
D)  two-thirds 
A)  one-tenth 
B)  one-fifth 
C)  one-third 
D)  two-thirds

Display rules shape how, when, and where people in a given culture or society express specific emotions.

After a ride on a very frightening roller coaster with Helga, Manfred's heart was beating fast, his hands were sweating, and his knees were trembling. He looked at Helga and concluded that he must be falling in love with her. Manfred's emotional experience can best be explained by the:

The hormone cholecystokinin increases the sensitivity of the stomach's stretch receptors, promotes satiation, and reduces or stops eating behavior.

The refractory period refers to:

Megan has to give a class presentation in one week but hasn't begun preparing for it yet because she's convinced that she will not be able to do a good job. How could Megan overcome her self-doubts and increase her sense of self-efficacy in this situation?

Learning theories and principles were an important influence in the development of incentive theories of motivation.

The Enhancing Well-Being With Psychology feature in your text suggests several strategies to increase feelings of self-efficacy. Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies the feature suggests?

According to Maslow's humanistic theory of motivation, what must people do before they can strive for the realization of their personal potential and creative abilities?

In looking at gender differences in emotion, psychologist Agneta Fischer and her colleagues analyzed cross-cultural data from 37 countries around the world. The researchers found that across cultures:

According to the research by Masters and Johnson, the first phase of the human sexual response cycle is _, and the last phase is _.

In most cultures, older, successful men have the greatest access to young, attractive women.

Jordan routinely eats an early lunch around 11:00 A.M. Even if there's no clock in sight, Jordan can tell when it's almost 11:00 A.M. because he feels hungry and wants to eat. Which of the following explanations accounts for this?

This triangle depicts Maslow's famous hierarchy of needs. Identify the letter that corresponds to self-actualization in Maslow's motivational hierarchy.

One shortcoming of incentive theories is that they:

Motivated behavior directed toward excelling, succeeding, or outperforming others at some task is called:

Charles Darwin:

Generally speaking, a healthy body mass index falls between 25 and 29.9.

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" described a PET scan study comparing normal weight and obese individuals. The findings of the study suggest that:

Approximately _____ of your body's energy is used for continuous bodily functions that are essential to life, such as breathing, heartbeat, and the production of body heat.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 8: Motivation and Emotion

Display rules shape how, when, and where people in a given culture or society express specific emotions.

After a ride on a very frightening roller coaster with Helga, Manfred's heart was beating fast, his hands were sweating, and his knees were trembling. He looked at Helga and concluded that he must be falling in love with her. Manfred's emotional experience can best be explained by the:

The hormone cholecystokinin increases the sensitivity of the stomach's stretch receptors, promotes satiation, and reduces or stops eating behavior.

The refractory period refers to:

Megan has to give a class presentation in one week but hasn't begun preparing for it yet because she's convinced that she will not be able to do a good job. How could Megan overcome her self-doubts and increase her sense of self-efficacy in this situation?

Learning theories and principles were an important influence in the development of incentive theories of motivation.

The Enhancing Well-Being With Psychology feature in your text suggests several strategies to increase feelings of self-efficacy. Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies the feature suggests?

According to Maslow's humanistic theory of motivation, what must people do before they can strive for the realization of their personal potential and creative abilities?

In looking at gender differences in emotion, psychologist Agneta Fischer and her colleagues analyzed cross-cultural data from 37 countries around the world. The researchers found that across cultures:

According to the research by Masters and Johnson, the first phase of the human sexual response cycle is _____, and the last phase is _____.

In most cultures, older, successful men have the greatest access to young, attractive women.

Jordan routinely eats an early lunch around 11:00 A.M. Even if there's no clock in sight, Jordan can tell when it's almost 11:00 A.M. because he feels hungry and wants to eat. Which of the following explanations accounts for this?

This triangle depicts Maslow's famous hierarchy of needs. Identify the letter that corresponds to self-actualization in Maslow's motivational hierarchy.

One shortcoming of incentive theories is that they:

Motivated behavior directed toward excelling, succeeding, or outperforming others at some task is called:

Charles Darwin:

Generally speaking, a healthy body mass index falls between 25 and 29.9.

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" described a PET scan study comparing normal weight and obese individuals. The findings of the study suggest that:

Approximately _____ of your body's energy is used for continuous bodily functions that are essential to life, such as breathing, heartbeat, and the production of body heat.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

According to the research by Masters and Johnson, the first phase of the human sexual response cycle is _, and the last phase is _.