Question 1

According to settling-point models of weight regulation:

Accepted Answer

A)  set-point weight becomes increasingly unstable with age. 
B)  your body weight will stabilize around the point at which equilibrium is achieved between food consumption and energy expenditure. 
C)  the level of leptin in the bloodstream increases until it settles at a genetically predetermined amount. 
D)  the basal metabolic rate progressively increases with age until it settles at an optimal level. 
A)  set-point weight becomes increasingly unstable with age. 
B)  your body weight will stabilize around the point at which equilibrium is achieved between food consumption and energy expenditure. 
C)  the level of leptin in the bloodstream increases until it settles at a genetically predetermined amount. 
D)  the basal metabolic rate progressively increases with age until it settles at an optimal level.

Question 2

Craig Smith and Richard Lazarus developed the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Janice has trouble holding down a job and can't seem to manage her finances. She makes friends quickly but rarely forms long-lasting friendships or other relationships because she is so difficult to get along with. She complains about her bad luck with men-all the men she ever meets, she claims, are losers. From this description, it's safe to say that Janice is probably low in:

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional intelligence. 
B)  competence motivation. 
C)  autonomy. 
D)  relatedness motivation. 
A)  emotional intelligence. 
B)  competence motivation. 
C)  autonomy. 
D)  relatedness motivation.

Question 4

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Emotions and the Brain" describes a PET scan study investigating brain activation during recall of emotional memories. According to the box, what does activation of the somatosensory cortex in response to an emotional memory indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  All emotions involve intense physical reactions. 
B)  There are two pathways for sensory information that project from the thalamus. 
C)  The body's peripheral nervous system is involved in feeling an emotion. 
D)  Sadness, happiness, anger, and fear each produce exactly the same pattern of brain activation. 
A)  All emotions involve intense physical reactions. 
B)  There are two pathways for sensory information that project from the thalamus. 
C)  The body's peripheral nervous system is involved in feeling an emotion. 
D)  Sadness, happiness, anger, and fear each produce exactly the same pattern of brain activation.

Question 5

Prior to eating, most people experience a decrease in body temperature and an increase in metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Despite considerable research on what determines sexual orientation, psychologists and other researchers cannot say with certainty why people become homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Based on research that has been conducted so far, what can be concluded about what determines sexual orientation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers cannot say with certainty why people are homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual. 
B)  Most researchers are now convinced that sexual orientation is primarily the result of environmental influences. 
C)  Researchers are sure that homosexuality is the result of unpleasant early heterosexual experiences. 
D)  Most researchers are now convinced that sexual orientation is almost certainly caused by genetic factors, and that other factors have little or no influence. 
A)  Researchers cannot say with certainty why people are homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual. 
B)  Most researchers are now convinced that sexual orientation is primarily the result of environmental influences. 
C)  Researchers are sure that homosexuality is the result of unpleasant early heterosexual experiences. 
D)  Most researchers are now convinced that sexual orientation is almost certainly caused by genetic factors, and that other factors have little or no influence.

Question 8

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" discussed a study in which the diet of rats was manipulated. One group ate rat chow-a nutritionally balanced diet-while the other group ate junk food-high-fat, sugary foods. What happened to the rats on the junk-food diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rats had an increase in the number of dopamine receptors. 
B)  The rats experienced sensory-specific satiety for the junk food. 
C)  Their dopamine response was significantly reduced. 
D)  Their dopamine response was significantly increased. 
A)  The rats had an increase in the number of dopamine receptors. 
B)  The rats experienced sensory-specific satiety for the junk food. 
C)  Their dopamine response was significantly reduced. 
D)  Their dopamine response was significantly increased.

Question 9

Humanistic theories of motivation completely discounted the influence of environmental factors in motivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When combined, drive and incentive theories account for a broad range of the "pushes" and "pulls" motivating many of our behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Your body's reserve of stored energy is:

Accepted Answer

A)  directly correlated with blood levels of a hormone called ghrelin. 
B)  constantly monitored by the hormone called cholecystokinin. 
C)  contained in your adipose tissue. 
D)  contained in brain areas such as the hypothalamus and the cerebellum. 
A)  directly correlated with blood levels of a hormone called ghrelin. 
B)  constantly monitored by the hormone called cholecystokinin. 
C)  contained in your adipose tissue. 
D)  contained in brain areas such as the hypothalamus and the cerebellum.

Question 12

Research studies discussed in the text indicated that measures of achievement motivation were correlated with all of the following, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  productivity and worker output. 
B)  relationship satisfaction. 
C)  job performance. 
D)  academic success. 
A)  productivity and worker output. 
B)  relationship satisfaction. 
C)  job performance. 
D)  academic success.

Question 13

Arousal theory contends that the optimal level of arousal is consistent across situations and over time and does not vary from person to person in any significant way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In general, increased levels of the hormones leptin, insulin, and cholecystokinin promote increased appetite.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Mark signs up for piano lessons to prove to himself that he can successfully master the challenge of learning to play the piano. What type of motivation is Mark displaying in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsic motivation 
B)  achievement motivation 
C)  competence motivation 
D)  power motivation 
A)  extrinsic motivation 
B)  achievement motivation 
C)  competence motivation 
D)  power motivation

Question 16

A major problem in scientifically establishing whether nonhuman animals experience emotions is determining the nature of the animal's subjective feelings or experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Assuming you are of normal health, approximately one-third of your body's energy is used every day for routine physical activities, such as walking, sitting, standing, lifting objects, and so forth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Who was the first scientist to classify emotional expressions and displays in nonhuman animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paul Ekman 
B)  Walter Cannon 
C)  William James 
D)  Charles Darwin 
A)  Paul Ekman 
B)  Walter Cannon 
C)  William James 
D)  Charles Darwin

Question 19

The desire to avoid boredom is to _____ theory as the desire to drink when thirsty is to _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  arousal; drive 
B)  drive; arousal 
C)  humanistic; incentive 
D)  incentive; humanistic 
A)  arousal; drive 
B)  drive; arousal 
C)  humanistic; incentive 
D)  incentive; humanistic

Question 20

According to arousal theory, _____ find the heightened arousal of novel experiences very pleasurable.

Accepted Answer

A)  introverts 
B)  people with high self-efficacy 
C)  self-actualized people 
D)  sensation seekers 
A)  introverts 
B)  people with high self-efficacy 
C)  self-actualized people 
D)  sensation seekers

According to settling-point models of weight regulation:

Craig Smith and Richard Lazarus developed the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion.

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Emotions and the Brain" describes a PET scan study investigating brain activation during recall of emotional memories. According to the box, what does activation of the somatosensory cortex in response to an emotional memory indicate?

Prior to eating, most people experience a decrease in body temperature and an increase in metabolism.

Despite considerable research on what determines sexual orientation, psychologists and other researchers cannot say with certainty why people become homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual.

Based on research that has been conducted so far, what can be concluded about what determines sexual orientation?

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" discussed a study in which the diet of rats was manipulated. One group ate rat chow-a nutritionally balanced diet-while the other group ate junk food-high-fat, sugary foods. What happened to the rats on the junk-food diet?

Humanistic theories of motivation completely discounted the influence of environmental factors in motivation.

When combined, drive and incentive theories account for a broad range of the "pushes" and "pulls" motivating many of our behaviors.

Your body's reserve of stored energy is:

Research studies discussed in the text indicated that measures of achievement motivation were correlated with all of the following, EXCEPT:

Arousal theory contends that the optimal level of arousal is consistent across situations and over time and does not vary from person to person in any significant way.

In general, increased levels of the hormones leptin, insulin, and cholecystokinin promote increased appetite.

Mark signs up for piano lessons to prove to himself that he can successfully master the challenge of learning to play the piano. What type of motivation is Mark displaying in this situation?

A major problem in scientifically establishing whether nonhuman animals experience emotions is determining the nature of the animal's subjective feelings or experiences.

Assuming you are of normal health, approximately one-third of your body's energy is used every day for routine physical activities, such as walking, sitting, standing, lifting objects, and so forth.

Who was the first scientist to classify emotional expressions and displays in nonhuman animals?

The desire to avoid boredom is to _ theory as the desire to drink when thirsty is to _ theory.

According to arousal theory, _____ find the heightened arousal of novel experiences very pleasurable.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

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Exam 8: Motivation and Emotion

According to settling-point models of weight regulation:

Craig Smith and Richard Lazarus developed the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion.

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Emotions and the Brain" describes a PET scan study investigating brain activation during recall of emotional memories. According to the box, what does activation of the somatosensory cortex in response to an emotional memory indicate?

Prior to eating, most people experience a decrease in body temperature and an increase in metabolism.

Despite considerable research on what determines sexual orientation, psychologists and other researchers cannot say with certainty why people become homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual.

Based on research that has been conducted so far, what can be concluded about what determines sexual orientation?

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Dopamine Receptors and Obesity" discussed a study in which the diet of rats was manipulated. One group ate rat chow-a nutritionally balanced diet-while the other group ate junk food-high-fat, sugary foods. What happened to the rats on the junk-food diet?

Humanistic theories of motivation completely discounted the influence of environmental factors in motivation.

When combined, drive and incentive theories account for a broad range of the "pushes" and "pulls" motivating many of our behaviors.

Your body's reserve of stored energy is:

Research studies discussed in the text indicated that measures of achievement motivation were correlated with all of the following, EXCEPT:

Arousal theory contends that the optimal level of arousal is consistent across situations and over time and does not vary from person to person in any significant way.

In general, increased levels of the hormones leptin, insulin, and cholecystokinin promote increased appetite.

Mark signs up for piano lessons to prove to himself that he can successfully master the challenge of learning to play the piano. What type of motivation is Mark displaying in this situation?

A major problem in scientifically establishing whether nonhuman animals experience emotions is determining the nature of the animal's subjective feelings or experiences.

Assuming you are of normal health, approximately one-third of your body's energy is used every day for routine physical activities, such as walking, sitting, standing, lifting objects, and so forth.

Who was the first scientist to classify emotional expressions and displays in nonhuman animals?

The desire to avoid boredom is to _____ theory as the desire to drink when thirsty is to _____ theory.

According to arousal theory, _____ find the heightened arousal of novel experiences very pleasurable.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

The desire to avoid boredom is to _ theory as the desire to drink when thirsty is to _ theory.