Question 1

In a study by researcher Donald Cummings described in your text, participants lost weight by dieting. In response, the participants' overall blood levels of ghrelin:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased, but their feelings of hunger decreased. 
B)  decreased, but their feelings of hunger increased. 
C)  remained the same, but their feelings of hunger decreased. 
D)  increased, and their feelings of hunger increased. 
A)  increased, but their feelings of hunger decreased. 
B)  decreased, but their feelings of hunger increased. 
C)  remained the same, but their feelings of hunger decreased. 
D)  increased, and their feelings of hunger increased.

Question 2

Whenever she sees Dylan, Madison's heart beats faster and she gets a trembling feeling inside. Madison now believes that she must be in love with Dylan. Which theory of emotion does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cognitive-appraisal theory 
B)  the facial feedback hypothesis 
C)  the James-Lange theory 
D)  Walter Cannon's flight-or-fight theory 
A)  the cognitive-appraisal theory 
B)  the facial feedback hypothesis 
C)  the James-Lange theory 
D)  Walter Cannon's flight-or-fight theory

Question 3

______ proposed the two-factor theory of emotion.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schachter and Singer 
B)  James and Lange 
C)  Deci and Ryan 
D)  Lazarus and Smith 
A)  Schachter and Singer 
B)  James and Lange 
C)  Deci and Ryan 
D)  Lazarus and Smith

Question 4

The hormone leptin:

Accepted Answer

A)  is associated with increased food intake when brain levels of the chemical increase. 
B)  creates a positive energy balance when blood levels of the chemical decrease, which, in turn, triggers eating behavior. 
C)  is secreted by adipose tissue that signals the hypothalamus, regulating hunger and eating behavior. 
D)  is also called the hunger hormone because its presence in the cells lining the stomach strongly stimulates appetite. 
A)  is associated with increased food intake when brain levels of the chemical increase. 
B)  creates a positive energy balance when blood levels of the chemical decrease, which, in turn, triggers eating behavior. 
C)  is secreted by adipose tissue that signals the hypothalamus, regulating hunger and eating behavior. 
D)  is also called the hunger hormone because its presence in the cells lining the stomach strongly stimulates appetite.

Question 5

Emotion is a distinct psychological state that involves subjective experience, a physiological response, and a behavioral expression or response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe how arousal theory accounts for motivation, and discuss the qualities that characterize people who are sensation seekers.

Accepted Answer

Arousal theory suggests that individuals

Question 7

Increased levels of three of the following chemical signals reduce eating behavior. Which one does NOT?

Accepted Answer

A)  leptin 
B)  ghrelin 
C)  insulin 
D)  cholecystokinin 
A)  leptin 
B)  ghrelin 
C)  insulin 
D)  cholecystokinin

Question 8

Contemporary psychologists generally agree that all emotional responses are triggered by a conscious cognitive appraisal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is a criticism of drive theories of motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  People often engage in behaviors that serve to increase tension and physiological arousal. 
B)  There is no evidence that humans engage in behaviors to maintain homeostasis. 
C)  Homeostasis has been disproved. 
D)  Drive theories cannot explain behaviors that have biological components, such as hunger and thirst. 
A)  People often engage in behaviors that serve to increase tension and physiological arousal. 
B)  There is no evidence that humans engage in behaviors to maintain homeostasis. 
C)  Homeostasis has been disproved. 
D)  Drive theories cannot explain behaviors that have biological components, such as hunger and thirst.

Question 10

After Shannon's doctor tells her that she needs to start a regular exercise program, Shannon takes a look at her schedule and decides that the best time for her to exercise is when she gets home from work, and that the best form of exercise for her is to take a brisk walk. Since Shannon has read "Turning Your Goals into Reality," she decides to form a goal intention. Which of the following is the best example of a goal intention that would help Shannon turn her intention into reality?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I intend to become more physically fit." 
B)  "I intend to start a regular exercise program." 
C)  "I intend to walk 30 minutes a day, five days a week after work." 
D)  "I will eat less and exercise more." 
A)  "I intend to become more physically fit." 
B)  "I intend to start a regular exercise program." 
C)  "I intend to walk 30 minutes a day, five days a week after work." 
D)  "I will eat less and exercise more."

Question 11

According to Maslow's theory of motivation:

Accepted Answer

A)  optimal human functioning can occur only if the psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness are satisfied. 
B)  only a few exceptional individuals ever achieve self-actualization. 
C)  all people are motivated by an inborn tendency to strive for self-actualization. 
D)  only a small percentage of self-actualized people experience peak experiences, or moments of intense ecstasy, wonder, and awe. 
A)  optimal human functioning can occur only if the psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness are satisfied. 
B)  only a few exceptional individuals ever achieve self-actualization. 
C)  all people are motivated by an inborn tendency to strive for self-actualization. 
D)  only a small percentage of self-actualized people experience peak experiences, or moments of intense ecstasy, wonder, and awe.

Question 12

Whenever he is feeling gloomy, Lloyd sings the song "Put on a Happy Face." According to the facial feedback hypothesis, if he follows the advice of the song, Lloyd is likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  become more depressed. 
B)  experience little or no change in his emotions. 
C)  irritate most people he comes in contact with. 
D)  experience an elevation in his mood. 
A)  become more depressed. 
B)  experience little or no change in his emotions. 
C)  irritate most people he comes in contact with. 
D)  experience an elevation in his mood.

Question 13

In most animals, sexual behavior is biologically determined and triggered by hormonal changes in the female. During the cyclical period known as _____, a female animal is fertile and receptive to male sexual advances.

Accepted Answer

A)  the resolution phase 
B)  estrus 
C)  the refractory period 
D)  the plateau period 
A)  the resolution phase 
B)  estrus 
C)  the refractory period 
D)  the plateau period

Question 14

In the brain, the receptor sites for leptin and insulin are located in the same areas of the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which neural pathway carries crude information about a threatening stimulus and activates a rapid instinctual alarm response?

Accepted Answer

A)  the thalamus $\rightarrow$ hypothalamus $\rightarrow$ visual cortex pathway 
B)  the thalamus $\rightarrow$ amygdala pathway 
C)  the cerebral cortex $\rightarrow$ thalamus $\rightarrow$ amygdala pathway 
D)  the thalamus $\rightarrow$ visual cortex pathway 
A)  the thalamus $\rightarrow$ hypothalamus $\rightarrow$ visual cortex pathway 
B)  the thalamus $\rightarrow$ amygdala pathway 
C)  the cerebral cortex $\rightarrow$ thalamus $\rightarrow$ amygdala pathway 
D)  the thalamus $\rightarrow$ visual cortex pathway

Question 16

According to the research by Masters and Johnson, the duration of the refractory period tends to decrease as men age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

As the date of the state championships drew closer, Evan worked harder and longer in practice. Evan was demonstrating which characteristic of motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation 
B)  intensity 
C)  autonomy 
D)  activation 
A)  initiation 
B)  intensity 
C)  autonomy 
D)  activation

Question 18

The latest research confirms that homosexuality is largely due to an unpleasant early heterosexual experience, such as being sexually abused during childhood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

According to _____, how an individual cognitively appraises the personal significance of any event will determine the emotion he or she experiences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Paul Ekman 
B)  Craig Smith and Richard Lazarus 
C)  William James and Carl Lange 
D)  Walter Cannon 
A)  Paul Ekman 
B)  Craig Smith and Richard Lazarus 
C)  William James and Carl Lange 
D)  Walter Cannon

Question 20

According to the _____ theory of emotion, your subjective emotional experience is the direct result of physical changes in your body.

Accepted Answer

A)  James-Lange 
B)  cognitive-appraisal 
C)  self-determination 
D)  Schachter-Singer two-factor 
A)  James-Lange 
B)  cognitive-appraisal 
C)  self-determination 
D)  Schachter-Singer two-factor

In a study by researcher Donald Cummings described in your text, participants lost weight by dieting. In response, the participants' overall blood levels of ghrelin:

Whenever she sees Dylan, Madison's heart beats faster and she gets a trembling feeling inside. Madison now believes that she must be in love with Dylan. Which theory of emotion does this example illustrate?

______ proposed the two-factor theory of emotion.

The hormone leptin:

Emotion is a distinct psychological state that involves subjective experience, a physiological response, and a behavioral expression or response.

Describe how arousal theory accounts for motivation, and discuss the qualities that characterize people who are sensation seekers.

Increased levels of three of the following chemical signals reduce eating behavior. Which one does NOT?

Contemporary psychologists generally agree that all emotional responses are triggered by a conscious cognitive appraisal.

Which of the following is a criticism of drive theories of motivation?

According to Maslow's theory of motivation:

Whenever he is feeling gloomy, Lloyd sings the song "Put on a Happy Face." According to the facial feedback hypothesis, if he follows the advice of the song, Lloyd is likely to:

In most animals, sexual behavior is biologically determined and triggered by hormonal changes in the female. During the cyclical period known as _____, a female animal is fertile and receptive to male sexual advances.

In the brain, the receptor sites for leptin and insulin are located in the same areas of the hypothalamus.

Which neural pathway carries crude information about a threatening stimulus and activates a rapid instinctual alarm response?

According to the research by Masters and Johnson, the duration of the refractory period tends to decrease as men age.

As the date of the state championships drew closer, Evan worked harder and longer in practice. Evan was demonstrating which characteristic of motivation?

The latest research confirms that homosexuality is largely due to an unpleasant early heterosexual experience, such as being sexually abused during childhood.

According to _____, how an individual cognitively appraises the personal significance of any event will determine the emotion he or she experiences.

According to the _____ theory of emotion, your subjective emotional experience is the direct result of physical changes in your body.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 8: Motivation and Emotion

In a study by researcher Donald Cummings described in your text, participants lost weight by dieting. In response, the participants' overall blood levels of ghrelin:

Whenever she sees Dylan, Madison's heart beats faster and she gets a trembling feeling inside. Madison now believes that she must be in love with Dylan. Which theory of emotion does this example illustrate?

______ proposed the two-factor theory of emotion.

The hormone leptin:

Emotion is a distinct psychological state that involves subjective experience, a physiological response, and a behavioral expression or response.

Describe how arousal theory accounts for motivation, and discuss the qualities that characterize people who are sensation seekers.

Increased levels of three of the following chemical signals reduce eating behavior. Which one does NOT?

Contemporary psychologists generally agree that all emotional responses are triggered by a conscious cognitive appraisal.

Which of the following is a criticism of drive theories of motivation?

According to Maslow's theory of motivation:

Whenever he is feeling gloomy, Lloyd sings the song "Put on a Happy Face." According to the facial feedback hypothesis, if he follows the advice of the song, Lloyd is likely to:

In most animals, sexual behavior is biologically determined and triggered by hormonal changes in the female. During the cyclical period known as _____, a female animal is fertile and receptive to male sexual advances.

In the brain, the receptor sites for leptin and insulin are located in the same areas of the hypothalamus.

Which neural pathway carries crude information about a threatening stimulus and activates a rapid instinctual alarm response?

According to the research by Masters and Johnson, the duration of the refractory period tends to decrease as men age.

As the date of the state championships drew closer, Evan worked harder and longer in practice. Evan was demonstrating which characteristic of motivation?

The latest research confirms that homosexuality is largely due to an unpleasant early heterosexual experience, such as being sexually abused during childhood.

According to _____, how an individual cognitively appraises the personal significance of any event will determine the emotion he or she experiences.

According to the _____ theory of emotion, your subjective emotional experience is the direct result of physical changes in your body.

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters