Exam 8: Motivation and Emotion

According to the evolutionary perspective, many wild animals overeat when food is available because this reduces food available to other animals, who then die, reducing competition.

What has neuroscience shown about the brain activity of people in love? Discuss the research findings reported in Focus on Neuroscience: Romantic Love and The Brain.

A common way in which emotions can be classified is in terms of two basic dimensions: pleasant-unpleasant and more activated-less activated.

The idea that we are often motivated to eat because of the anticipated pleasure associated with consuming a particular food is termed sensory-specific satiety.

The long-term matching of food intake to energy expenditure is termed energy homeostasis.

Leptin resistance is a condition:

Adipose tissue is the technical name for body fat.

Olivia is taking advanced placement biology in high school because she loves science and is fascinated by biology. Jacob is taking advanced placement biology in high school because his guidance counselor told him he had to if he intended to apply to a premed program at a competitive university. Olivia is motivated by _____, while Jacob is motivated by _____.

According to evolutionary psychology, men and women differ in the qualities they look for in a mate.

Intense emotional states, such as fear or rage, are the motivating incentive in incentive theories of motivation.

For six weeks following her jaw surgery, Sydney could only eat very soft or liquefied foods. During this time, Sydney lost 18 pounds. This means that Sydney was experiencing negative energy balance during her recovery.

The Focus on Neuroscience box "Emotions and the Brain" describes a PET scan study investigating brain activation when participants recalled different kinds of emotional memories. What were the results of this study?

Increased brain levels of leptin and insulin:

Many people form resolutions to achieve certain goals, yet never act on them. According to the ideas of psychologist Peter Gollwitzer described in the Enhancing Well-Being With Psychology feature in your text, what is the first step that a person should take in order to translate his or her intentions into actual behavior?

Matthew is extremely intelligent and is a gifted statistician, yet he has few friends and rarely holds a job for more than six months because he constantly alienates his co-workers and supervisors. Matthew probably lacks:

Which important contribution to the study of motivation did Abraham Maslow make?

Which of the following statements is the most accurate explanation of the role of genetics in obesity?

Identical twins studies indicate that sexual orientation is at least partly influenced by genetics.

Ghrelin is primarily manufactured by cells that line the stomach, and it stimulates the secretion of growth hormone by the pituitary gland.

Over time, most people experience _____, which means that the number of calories you consume almost exactly matches the number of calories you expend for energy.