Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Desmond and Deirdre are two biological siblings who are being reared in the same home. Their IQ scores are much more similar that those of Glen and Giselle, biological siblings who were separated as infants and are being raised in different homes. The fact that the IQ scores of Desmond and Deirdre are much more similar than the IQ scores of Glen and Giselle provides evidence for the influence of _____ on intelligence and IQ scores.

Dividing a person's mental age by his or her chronological age and multiplying that result by 100 determines an intelligence quotient or IQ score.

Which of the following is NOT true about concepts?

Define the concepts of standardization, reliability, and validity, and explain why they are important requirements for any psychological test.

When Jennifer lived in the Eastern European country of Slakia for a year, she found it very difficult to adapt to the strange customs and diet of the Slakian culture. Robert Sternberg might suggest that Jennifer is low in _____ intelligence.

A key advantage of the Stanford-Binet intelligence test over the WAIS is that the Stanford-Binet provides scores on 11 subtests that measure different abilities rather than simply a global IQ score.

Cross-cultural research has shown that members of stigmatized social groups tend to score 10 to 15 points lower on IQ tests than members of the dominant social group, even when they share the same racial or ethnic background.

Lewis Terman's colleague, Melita Oden, continued to study Terman's gifted children after they reached adulthood. Oden compared the 100 most successful men (the A group) with the 100 least successful men (the C group). What did Oden find?

Trial and error is defined as:

A worldwide survey of intelligence test scores showed that there were significant gains in average IQ scores in 14 nations in just one generation. These results provide support for:

Marilyn wanted to buy a new sport utility vehicle. First, she identified those SUVs that were in her price range. Next, she only considered SUVs that were four-wheel drive, and then identified the model with the best safety record. Finally, there was only one SUV that met all of her criteria. Marilyn used the _____ model of decision-making.

Faced with evidence that seems to contradict a hoped-for finding, people may object to the study's methodology. This is an example of the:

Philip is perfectly fluent in English and French. Research has shown that such balanced proficiency in two languages helps build up a cognitive reserve that can protect against cognitive decline in late adulthood.

Joseph is trying to select a new couch for his living room. As he looks at each couch at the furniture store, he tries to visualize how it would look in his living room at home. Joseph is using _____ to help him determine which couch to buy.

Erika is asked to generate a list of five different animals that can be kept as pets. She quickly responds, "dogs, cats, goldfish, gerbils, and canaries." Dogs would thus represent Erika's _____ for the _____ concept of pets.

The hallmarks of autism spectrum disorder, according to the In Focus box on neurodiversity, are problems with communication and with social interactions with others.

The linguistic relativity hypothesis:

Scientific research on mental images suggests that we manipulate mental images in much the same way as we manipulate the actual objects that the images represent.

Psychologist Claude Steele coined the term _____ to refer to the belief that you might be evaluated in terms of a negative stereotype about a group to which you belong, especially when that belief creates anxiety or self-doubt.

Every language has a unique syntax, or set of rules for combining words.